Umlando wangaphambi kukaColumbian weTzintzuntzan kanye nengcebo yawo yokwakhiwa kwe-viceregal yizici eziheha kakhulu zalokhu Idolobha Lomlingo Michoacano, esizokusiza ukwazi ngalo mhlahlandlela ophelele.
1. Itholakala kuphi iTzintzuntzan?
Leli dolobha laseMichoacan eliyinhloko kamasipala wegama elifanayo, lisogwini lweLake Pátzcuaro, endaweni esenyakatho-maphakathi nezwe laseMichoacán. I-Tzintzuntzan isho ukuthi "indawo lapho kukhona khona ithempeli likankulunkulu we-hummingbird wesithunywa" futhi ezikhathini zangaphambi kweColombia bekuyisihlalo sokuqala sombuso weSeñorío de Michhuaque, isisekelo sokuqala sombuso wakamuva wePurepecha, futhi kamuva inhlokodolobha yombuso. ITzintzuntzan ikude nge-18 km. kusuka edolobheni lasePátzcuaro yiFederal Highway 120, kanti iMorelia iqhele ngamakhilomitha angama-63. Ibanga eliphakathi kweMexico City nePueblo Mágico lingama-350 km. ukuya entshonalanga kuFederal Highway 15D ubheke eMorelia naseUruapan.
2. Lavela kanjani idolobha?
Isakhiwo sokuqala sasungulwa cishe ngonyaka we-1325 yiNkosi yaseMichhuacan, okuyinhlokodolobha yePurépecha enezakhamizi ezingafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-40, yaze yawela ezandleni zabanqobi baseSpain. Ngemuva kokunqoba, iTzintzuntzan yaqhubeka nokuba idolobha elikhulu kule ndawo, futhi ezindaweni zayo iziphathimandla zaseSpain, abavangeli, ababusi bomdabu kanye nabantu bahlala ndawonye. Yamenyezelwa njengedolobha ngumqhele waseSpain ngo-1593, nokugcina uhulumeni wawo womdabu engaphansi kwemeya yaseMichoacán. Ngo-1861 yathola isihloko esithi "Primitive City" kwathi ngo-1931 yafinyelela ezingeni likamasipala. I-Tzintzuntzan yafakwa ohlelweni lwaseMexico LwamaMagical ngenxa yomlando wayo, ukubaluleka kokuvubukula kanye nefa lomzimba lamakoloni.
3. Sinjani isimo sezulu esilindele eTzintzuntzan?
ITzintzuntzan ijabulela isimo sezulu esipholile, esithandwa ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-2,055 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Isilinganiso sokushisa saminyaka yonke siyi-16.3 ° C, kunokuhluka okuncane okubonakalayo kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka, ngoba ebusika ziphakathi kuka-13 no-14 ° C, kanti ehlobo i-thermometer inyuka iye ku-18 noma ku-19 ° C. Amazinga okushisa aqine kakhulu afinyelelwe eMagic Town angama-4.2 ° C ebusika nama-28.3 ° C ehlobo. Imvula ifinyelela kuma-960 mm ngonyaka, isikhathi semvula esiqala ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba. Phakathi kukaNovemba no-Ephreli izimvula ziyamangaza.
4. Luthini uhla oluyisisekelo lokuheha kweTzintzuntzan?
Yisakhiwo sezindela esigcwele kakhulu saseFranciscan saseTzintzuntzan esifanele ukuvakashelwa ngokukhululekile ukuze sazi ngokugcwele izakhiwo nezikhala zaso ezahlukahlukene, njengensimu ye-atrial, ithempeli lezindela laseSan Francisco, indawo yesigodlo saseSanta Ana, ithempeli laseSoledad, elidala ISibhedlela de Indios nendlu yaso enamathiselwe. Ekungeneni kwaleli dolobha kuneTzintzuntzan Archaeological Zone kanti endaweni eseduze kukhona idolobha lamadolobha izivakashi eziyingxenye yomhubhe wechibi, phakathi kwawo kukhona i-Ihuatzio, iCucuchucho, idolobha lasePátzcuaro neTingambato.
5. Ihlanganiswe kanjani i-Franciscan Convent ye-Tzintzuntzan?
Lesi sakhiwo senkolo esisenkabeni yedolobha, sakhiwe yinsimu ye-atrial, ithempeli lezindela elinikezelwe eSan Francisco, indawo eyayihlala eSanta Ana, isonto laseNuestra Señora de la Soledad, Isibhedlela esidala saseNdiya kanye isonto elikude elisendaweni yesibhedlela. Ngasinye salezi zakhiwo sinezici ezifanele zobuciko futhi kuzo izitayela ezahlukahlukene ezinjengePlateresque, iBaroque neNeoclassical zixubekile, ngenxa yokwakhiwa nokuguqulwa okwenziwe kusukela umsebenzi omkhulu waqala ngo-1570 kwaze kwaba yilapho ukubuyiselwa kokugcina kwenziwa ngawo-1980.
6. Yini intshisekelo ye-Atrial Garden?
I-atrium ehlelwe kahle inesikhala esikhulu, ineminyango emithathu, eyinhloko enekhothamo eliyindilinga elihlukanisa i-atrium esigcawini esisemgwaqweni omkhulu wedolobha. Insimu ye-atrial ihlukaniswe ngocingo olwakhiwe ngamatshe e-volcanic avela eYacatas de Tzintzuntzan, isikhungo sasendulo sePurépecha. Esinye isici esithandekayo ukuthi, ngokwesiko, izihlahla zomnqumo ezindala zale nsimu zatshalwa ngumbhishobhi wokuqala waseMichoacán, uVasco de Quiroga. Maphakathi ne-atrium kune-Atrial Cross, isakhiwo samatshe esifakwe ngo-1764.
7. Yini evelele ethempelini laseSan Francisco?
Ithempeli lokuqala lamakhosi laqedwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, ngesitayela sePlateresque. Phakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, ingaphakathi lethempeli lalinenqubo yokuguqulwa, liguqukela kwisitayela se-neoclassical, kuyilapho i-dome yayo ingezelwa kusukela ngawo-1940. E-altare elikhulu kukhona i-altoclassical neoclassical futhi ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwe-enclosed kukhona isonto elinamathele esontweni, kanti indawo yezindela ifinyelelwa ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Esontweni lesigodlo kukhona umdwebo kawoyela kaKristu ngaphambi kokubethelwa, okubizwa nge-El Señor del Rescate.
8. Kuyini eSigodlweni seSanta Ana?
I-façade yayo isesitayeleni sePlateresque kanye nokufinyelela egumbini elingasendlini, eliseduze nethempeli laseSan Francisco, line-arch semicircular kanye ne-va-barrel vault, ebizwa ngePortal of the Sacraments. Engxenyeni emaphakathi yesonto elingaphambili kukhona isonto elivulekile laseSan Camilo, lapho ngokwesiko, uTata Vasco abungaza khona imisa lakhe lokuqala njengombhishobhi waseMichoacán. I-cloister engunxande inamakhothamo amane ayisiyingi futhi uphahla lwayo lumbozwe nge-Mudejar alfarjes. Amanye amakamelo alesi sigodlo, njengamaseli, ikhishi nendawo yokubambela, ahlotshiswe ngefenisha yesikhathi.
9. Linjani iThempeli Lokuzimela?
Leli sonto lengezwa esakhiweni sezindela ngekhulu le-17. Yangcweliselwa iVirgen de la Soledad futhi ine-facade engathandeki. Ukufinyelela okuyinhloko kuveza i-arch semicircular enezinsika zikaSolomoni futhi iwindi lamakhorali linomhlobiso wokubumba. Ngaphezulu kwewindi kukhona i-niche encane enesithombe se-Virgen de la Soledad. Ingaphakathi lesonto linokuhlobisa kwe-neoclassical okunethonya lomdabu, futhi e-altare elikhulu nasezindongeni ezisemaceleni kukhona okwe-altare nemidwebo kawoyela enesihloko senkolo. Ithempeli lakhiwe yiNkosi ye-Holy Burial, isithombe sikaJesu ngemuva kokubethelwa, okwenziwe ngopende lommbila, ohlonishwa kakhulu.
10. Yini egcinwe yiHospital de Indios yakudala nendlu yaso ehlukile?
Kulesi sibhedlela eyalelwe ukuthi sakhiwe nguVasco de Quiroga ukunakekela abantu bomdabu, kusele amanxiwa aso kuphela, enamagumbi anezindonga ze-adobe, umbhoshongo omncane wensimbi nohlangothi olulodwa lwegceke lesibhedlela, isonto elivulekile futhi elingalodwa, okuyisonto isakhiwo esilondolozwe kahle kakhulu sesakhiwo esidala sesibhedlela. Lesi sonto sasihloselwe ukukhulekelwa kwamaKatolika ngabantu bomdabu futhi kusengenzeka ukubabaza izinsalela zemidwebo yasekuqaleni yefresco. Kukhona nokunye okuqoshwe ngamatshe okusukela ngonyaka we-1619, omele iLanga neNyanga.
11. Ikuphi iTzintzuntzan Archaeological Zone?
Le ndawo esindiswe ngobuciko yemivubukulo isemnyango wedolobha ngomgwaqo oqhamuka ePátzcuaro. Izikhumbuzo eziyigugu kakhulu zalesi siza yiLas Yacatas, imibhoshongo eyisiyingi eyisihlanu emapulatifomu amakhulu, akhombisa ubukhazikhazi obudlulile bokuthi kwakuyini inhlokodolobha yombuso wePurepecha kanye nesikhungo sayo esikhulu sezepolitiki, sezomnotho nezenkolo. Ungabona futhi amanye amanxiwa ezindlu zabapristi kanye nabahlali baseSpain baseTzintzuntzan.
12. Yiziphi izindawo ezithakazelisayo ezikhona e-Ihuatzio?
13 km. kusuka eTzintzuntzan, emkhakheni oseningizimu weLake Pátzcuaro, kunabantu baseMichoacan base-Ihuatzio, lapho kwakukhona khona enye indawo yangaphambi kweSpanishi yasePurepecha eyayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo sokubuka izinkanyezi nesikhungo somkhosi. Isakhiwo esivelele kunazo zonke zalesi siza semivubukulo yiphiramidi enikezelwe kuCuricaueri, unkulunkulu womlilo wempucuko yasePurepecha, nonkulunkulu omdala kunabo bonke ezinganekwaneni zaseTarascan. Omunye umbhoshongo osesizeni yilowo onikezelwe kuXaratanga, unkulunkulukazi wePurépecha weNyanga.
13. Yini okuheha iCucuchucho?
Leli dolobha lisendaweni eyi-16 km. UTzintzuntzan ufanele ukuvakashelwa, ikakhulukazi ngoSuku Lwabafileyo. Ngomhla wokuqala kaNovemba ebusuku, amaCucuchenses asevele alungise ama-altare abo amahle, ahlotshiswe ngezimbali zezimbali ze-marigold nezithelo zonyaka, futhi bakulungisile ukudla, okubandakanya kakhulu isinkwa sabafileyo, ama-tamales nama-atole. Amakhandlela agcina izibani zama-altare kuze kuse ekuseni ngakusasa, lapho abantu bendawo benambitha ukudla uma sekuphakile imimoya. Umkhosi waseMexico ongawujabulela ngakho konke ukuthinta kwawo kwendabuko eCucuchucho.
14. Usondele kangakanani umuzi wasePátzcuaro?
Amakhilomitha ayi-18 kuphela. kusuka eTzintzuntzan yidolobha kanye neMagic Town yasePátzcuaro, isikhungo esibalulekile echibini lesiziba. IPátzcuaro iyindawo engcono kakhulu yokwazi ingaphakathi laleli chibi, neziqhingi zalo eziyi-7, okugqame phakathi kwazo uJanitzio neYunuen. IPátzcuaro iphinde inikeze izindawo eziningi ezithakazelisa ukwakhiwa, njenge-Main Square, isonto laseSan Francisco, ithempeli kanye nesigodlo sangaphambili seHospitaller Order yaseSan Juan de Dios, isonto le-Our Lady of Health kanye nendlu engcwele yeVirgin of IGuadalupe. Umkhosi ujabulisa kakhulu ePátzcuaro, nemibhikisho yawo ihambisana nomculo odlalwa ngamashali nezinye izinsimbi zomdabu.
15. Yini engiyibonayo kwiTingambato?
Inani labantu baseMichoacan baseTingambato lisendaweni engama-51 km. kusuka eTzintzuntzan, phakathi kwePátzcuaro ne-Uruapan. Ukuheha kwayo okuyinhloko kwabavakashi yindawo yayo yemivubukulo, lapho kugcinwa khona ezinye izikhumbuzo zesiko lePurépecha. Yakhiwa ngezigaba ezimbili njengesikhungo somkhosi, esokuqala esiphakathi kweminyaka engu-450 kanye no-650 nesesibili phakathi kweminyaka engu-600 kuya ku-900. Isiza sakhiwe yiplaza emaphakathi, iphiramidi elisesilinganisweni esiphakathi, ezinye izikwele ezincane nenkantolo yomdlalo. Ibhola. Ithonya lokwakha laseTeotihuacan liyaziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwezinsizakusebenza zethambeka nasemphemeni. Edolobheni lamanje laseTingambato kuhlukaniswa ithempeli laseSantiago Apóstol, elisukela ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa leminyaka.
16. Bunjani ubuciko bukaTzintzuntzan?
IChibi LasePátzcuaro linikeza izingcweti zaseTzintzuntzan nge-chuspata, umhlanga okhula osebeni lomzimba wamanzi futhi othi ngemuva kokuqoqwa futhi womiswe elangeni, uyanikezwa amandla okunikeza ukuthungwa kwawo okuyisici sokwenza amalambu, imihlobiso, izihlalo, amatafula nezinye izingcezu. Enye intambo yemifino echibini yi-tule noma i-cattail, lapho izingcweti ezithandwayo zaseTzintzuntzan zakha amacansi, amafeni nemihlobiso. Izitsha zobumba ezinemibala ehlukene kungenye yezindlela zobuciko ezisetshenziswe kahle ePueblo Mágico. Indawo enhle yokuncoma le mikhiqizo futhi uthenge isikhumbuzo yiMakethe Yezandla Yezandla etholakala endaweni eyodwa evela ethempelini laseSan Francisco.
17. Injani i-gastronomy yendawo?
Abantu bendawo bathanda kakhulu ukudla okulula kwama-charales, izinhlanzi ezincane zechibi abazidla zithosiwe ngosawoti nolamula. Izinhlanzi ezivela eChibini iPátzcuaro, njenge-bass, i-carp, i-tilapia kanye "nenhlanzi emhlophe" edumile echibini, uhlobo olumnandi olusengozini yokuqothulwa, lwakha esinye sezisekelo zokudla kwasendaweni. Enye yezindlela zokupheka eziyintandokazi yi-churipo, umhluzi obomvu wezinhlanzi onemifino, okunezelwa kuwo iziqeshana ze-corundas. Bathanda ne-posuti, imbaza eyenziwe ngommbila wethenda. Ukuphuza bane-atole abayilungisa ngommbila omnandi, i-anise kanye no-utamatisi oluhlaza okuluhlaza okunikeza ukunambitheka okukhethekile.
18. Yimiphi imikhosi ephambili eTzintzuntzan?
Umkhosi wendabuko odume kakhulu eTzintzuntzan yilowo weSeñor del Rescate, owenzeka ezinsukwini eziyi-8 ngaphambi kweShrove ngoLwesibili. Abantu abavela kulo lonke ugu lolwandle beza emkhosini, ngokuba ngelinye lamadolobha echibi athandwa kakhulu kanye nayo yonke iMichoacán. Isithombe esihlonishwayo ngumdwebo kawoyela kaKristu ovela ezinsukwini zokuqala zobuvangeli futhi utholakala ethempelini laseSan Francisco. Esinye isigcawu esihle somkhosi senzeka ngoLwesithathu oNgcwele, lapho "izinhloli" ziphuma ziphethe izigqoko ezibomvu nezimhlophe zishaya amakhwela zifuna uJesu ozombopha. NgoLwesihlanu Oluhle udwendwe lweNkosi yoMngcwabo Ongcwele, lapho oKrestu abayi-9 abenziwe ngopende lukamoba abagcinwa emizaneni yendawo echibini babamba iqhaza.
19. Ayini amahhotela endawo amakhulu?
ISandunga Cabañas Boutique, eseduze kakhulu neTzintzuntzan emgwaqweni oya eQuiroga, iyindlu yezihambi ebheke echibini nasezintabeni. ICasa Embrujo Luxury Retreat, etholakala km. I-10 yomgwaqo omkhulu oya ePátzcuaro, ine-solarium nendawo yokudlela. I-Irekua, etholakala e-Aristeo Mercado 1111, iyihhotela elinomoya omkhulukazi ohlinzeka ngezinsiza zokuhamba ngebhayisikili nesikebhe. ILago Sol Hotel & Suites, ku-km. 6 womgwaqo wasePátzcuaro, ubheke echibini futhi unechibi elifudumalayo, izinkundla zezemidlalo kanye nendawo yokudlela. Ezinye izinketho zokuhlala eziseduze zifaka iBest Western Posada de Don Vasco, eyi-10 km kude. kusuka eTzintzuntzan; IColibri Inn B&B (9 km.) Kanye ne-Hostal Purépecha (7 km.).
20. Ngingaya kuphi ukuyodla?
Izindawo zokudlela ezinconywe kakhulu zisemadolobheni aseduze eQuiroga nasePátzcuaro. EQuiroga singabala i-Atzimba, etholakala e-Avenida Vasco de Quiroga Poniente 265, enezinsiza ezivulekile nezintengo ezihamba phambili, kanye nomhlobiso okhangayo lapho izithombe zeLázaro Cárdenas zihlukaniswa khona. I-Fiesta Purépecha Buffet itholakala e-Avenida Guadalupe Victoria, eQuiroga. Ukudla ama-carnitas ngokushibhile nangokungakahleleki eQuiroga, ungaya e-El Rey de las Carnitas noma eCarnitas Carmelo. EPátzcuaro ukunikezwa kwezindawo zokudlela kubanzi, okunconywa kakhulu yiCamino Real, iTiendita Verde, iLa Carreta, iSanto Milagro ne-El Patio.
Usukulungele ukushiya iTzintzuntzan ukugeza emlandweni nakwezokwakha zangaphambi kweSpanishi nezamakoloni? Sikufisela ukuhlala okuhle eMagic Town of Michoacán, ngethemba lokuthi umhlahlandlela wethu uzokusiza kuwe. Sobonana maduzane futhi.
