UMercedes de la Garza, umcwaningi owaziwayo e-UNAM, uphinde enze indawo lapho, ehlezi endaweni engcwele, umpristi ophakeme waseMayan echazela ozakwabo abancane ngokwakhiwa kwendawo yonke ngonkulunkulu.
Edolobheni elikhulu le Gumarcaah, eyasungulwa yisizukulwane sesihlanu sababusi bamaQuiche, i- Ah-Gucumatz, umpristi kankulunkulu "Inyoka Quetzal" wathatha incwadi engcwele endaweni yayo ebiyelwe ethempelini waya esigcawini, lapho imindeni emikhulu yomphakathi yayihlangene khona, ukuze ibafundele izindaba zemvelaphi, ibafundise ukuthi ukuqala konke. Kwakufanele bazi futhi bahlanganise, ekujuleni komoya wabo, ukuthi lokho onkulunkulu ababekunqumile ekuqaleni kwesikhathi kwakuyinto ejwayelekile empilweni yabo, kwakuyindlela okufanele ilandelwe yibo bonke abantu.
Ehleli ethempelini maphakathi nesikwele, umpristi uthe: “Lesi yisiqalo sezindaba zasendulo zesizwe samaQuiché, ukulandiswa kwalokho obekufihliwe, indaba kaGogo noGogo, abakutshele ukuqala kwempilo ”. Le yiPopol Vuh engcwele, "Incwadi yomphakathi", esitshela ukuthi izulu nomhlaba kwakhiwa kanjani nguMdali noMenzi, uMama kanye noBaba wokuphila, onika umoya nokucabanga, ozala izingane, obuka injabulo yohlu lozalo lomuntu, isazi, lowo ozindla ngobuhle bakho konke okukhona ezulwini, emhlabeni, emachibini nasolwandle ”.
Wabe esevula incwadi, wagoqa okwesihenqo, waqala ukufunda: “Yonke into ibisolisayo, yonke into ibizolile, ithule; konke kunganyakazi, kuthule, futhi kuthulule umkhathi wesibhakabhaka ... Kwakungakabi bikho umuntu noma isilwane, izinyoni, inhlanzi, izinkalankala, izihlahla, amatshe, imihume, imihosha, amakhambi noma amahlathi: isibhakabhaka kuphela esasikhona. Ubuso bomhlaba bebungakaveli. Kwakunolwandle oluzolile kuphela nesibhakabhaka kukho konke ukunwebeka ... Kwakunganyakazi futhi kuthule ebumnyameni, ebusuku. UMdali kuphela, uMenzi, UTepeu Gucumatz, ama-Progenitors, ayesemanzini azungezwe ukucaca. Zazifihliwe ngaphansi kwezimpaphe eziluhlaza nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yingakho zibizwa ngokuthi iGucumatz (Inyoka-Quetzal). Ngale ndlela kwakukhona izulu kanye neNhliziyo yeZulu, okuyigama likaNkulunkulu ”.
Abanye abapristi bakhanyisa ikhophi ezitsheni zempepho, bafaka izimbali namakhambi anephunga elimnandi, futhi balungisa izinto ezingokwesiko zomhlatshelo, ngoba ukulandiswa kwemvelaphi lapho, kuleyo ndawo engcwele, eyayimele indawo yomhlaba, kwakuzokhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwempilo ; isenzo esingcwele sokudala sasizophindwa futhi bonke ababambiqhaza babezozithola emhlabeni sengathi bazalwa nje, bahlanzwa futhi babusiswa ngonkulunkulu. Abapristi nezalukazi babehleli buthule bethandaza bezungeze i-Ah-Gucumatz, kuyilapho i-Ah-Gucumatz iqhubeka nokufunda le ncwadi.
Amagama ompristi ophakeme achaza ukuthi umkhandlu wonkulunkulu uthathe kanjani isinqumo sokuthi lapho umhlaba umiswa futhi ilanga liphuma, umuntu avele, futhi balandisa ukuthi lapho izwi lonkulunkulu liphakama, ngobudlova, ngobuciko bomlingo, umhlaba wavela amanzi: "Umhlaba, bathi, futhi ngaso leso sikhathi senziwa." Masinyane izintaba nezihlahla zakhula, kwakhiwa amachibi nemifula. umhlaba wagcwala izilwane, phakathi kwazo okwakukhona ababheki bezintaba. Kuqhamuke izinyoni, izinyamazane, ama-jaguar, ama-puma, izinyoka, nezindawo zabo zokuhlala zabelwa zona. Inhliziyo yeZulu neNhliziyo yoMhlaba yajabula, onkulunkulu abavundisa umhlaba lapho izulu limiswa futhi umhlaba ucwiliswa emanzini.
Onkulunkulu banikeze izwi izilwane futhi bababuza ukuthi yini abayaziyo ngaBadali nangabo uqobo; bacela ukuqashelwa nokuhlonishwa. Kodwa izilwane zazibamba amankomane kuphela, zibhonge futhi zishwibeka; Abakwazanga ukukhuluma yingakho begwetshwe ukubulawa badliwe. Bese Abadali bathi: "Ake sizame manje ukwenza izidalwa ezilalelayo, ezihloniphayo ezisondlayo nezisondlayo, ezisihloniphayo": futhi bakha umuntu wodaka. Abakwa-Ah-Gucumatz bachaze: “Kodwa babona ukuthi ayiyinhle, ngoba yayiwohloka, yayithambile, yayinganyakazi, ingenamandla, yawa, yayinamanzi, yayingahambisi ikhanda, ubuso bayo buya ohlangothini olulodwa, kufihliwe umbono. Uqale wakhuluma, kepha wayengaqondi. Isheshe yamanzi emanzini yangakwazi ukusukuma ”.
Abantu baseGumarcaah, behloniphekile behlezi ezungeze iqembu labapristi, balalele ngokuthakasela indaba ka-Ah-Gucumatz, ozwi lakhe elibabazekayo lalinanela esigcawini, sengathi kwakuyizwi elikude labonkulunkulu abadali ngenkathi benza umhlaba. Ubuyile, wahambisa, izikhathi ezinempilo zemvelaphi yakhe, wazithatha njengabantwana beqiniso boMdali noMenzi, uMama kanye noYise wakho konke okukhona.
Abanye abantu abasha, abahlali bendlu lapho abafana, kusukela enkambweni yabo yokuthomba begubha eneminyaka eyishumi nantathu, bafunda ihhovisi lobupristi, baletha izitsha zamanzi ahlanzekile emthonjeni ukusula umphimbo wombalisi ongcwele. Uqhubeke wathi:
“Bese kuthi onkulunkulu babonisana nababhuli u-Ixpiyacoc no-Ixmucané, uGogo kaSuku, uGogo kaKhwezi: -Sifanele sithole izindlela ukuze indoda esiyakhayo, isondle futhi isondle, isincenge futhi isikhumbule-. nababhuli benza inkatho ngamabele okusanhlamvu nokubhinca, futhi batshela onkulunkulu ukuba benze amadoda okhuni. Ngaso leso sikhathi kwavela amadoda okhuni, afana nomuntu, akhuluma njengomuntu futhi azala kabusha, agcwalisa ubuso bomhlaba; kodwa babengenawo umoya noma ukuqonda, ababakhumbulanga abadali babo, bahamba ngaphandle kwedayimane futhi bakhasa ngazo zozine izinyawo. Babengenalo igazi noma umswakama noma amanoni; zazomile. Abazange bakhumbule Inhliziyo Yomjikelezo yingakho bawa emseni. Kwakumane kuyimizamo yokwenza amadoda, kusho umpristi.
Ngemuva kwalokho iNhliziyo Yezulu yakhiqiza uzamcolo omkhulu owabhubhisa izibalo zezinduku. I-resin eningi yawa ivela esibhakabhakeni futhi amadoda ahlaselwa yizilwane ezingaziwa, futhi izinja zawo, amatshe, izinduku, izimbiza zawo, izigaxa zawo zaphendukelwa kuzo, ngenxa yokusebenzisa ezazibanike zona, njengesijeziso sokungaboni abadali. Izinja zathi kubo: "" Kungani bengasondlanga? Sasibheke ngokulambisa futhi base bevele besilahla ohlangothini lwabo futhi besikhipha. Babehlala njalo benenduku elungele ukusishaya ngenkathi bedla… sasingakwazi ukukhuluma… Manje sizokuqeda ” Futhi bathi, kuphetha umpristi, ukuthi inzalo yalawo madoda izinkawu ezikhona manje emahlathini; lezi yizibonelo zalabo, ngoba yizinkuni kuphela inyama yabo eyayenziwe nguMdali noMenzi.
Ukulandisa indaba yokuphela kwezwe lesibili, lelo lamadoda okhuni e-Popol Vuh, elinye amaMaya avela ezifundeni ezikude kakhulu neGumarcaah yasendulo, umpristi UChumayel, enhlonhlweni yaseYucatan, yasungulwa ngokubhala ukuthi inkathi yesibili yaphela kanjani nokuthi indawo yonke elandelayo yakhiwa kanjani, leyo ezokwakha amadoda eqiniso:
Futhi-ke, ngokushaya okukodwa nje kwamanzi, amanzi eza. Kwathi lapho kwebiwa iNyoka Enkulu (okuyisisekelo esingcwele esibalulekile sasezulwini), isibhakabhaka sadilika futhi umhlaba wacwila. Ngakho… oBacab abane (onkulunkulu ababambe isibhakabhaka) balinganisa yonke into. Okwamanje lapho ukuqeda kuqediwe, bema ezindaweni zabo uku-oda amadoda aphuzi… Futhi uMama Omkhulu waseCeiba wasukuma, phakathi kwenkumbulo yokubhujiswa komhlaba. Wahlala waqonda phezulu waphakamisa ingilazi yakhe, ecela amahlamvu angapheliyo. futhi ngamagatsha awo kanye nezimpande zawo yabiza iNkosi yayo ”. Kwabe sekuphakanyiswa izihlahla ezine ezingama-ceiba ezazizokweseka isibhakabhaka ezinhlangothini ezine zendawo yonke: lowo omnyama, ngasentshonalanga; emhlophe isenyakatho; obomvu empumalanga kanti ophuzi ngaseningizimu. Umhlaba, ngakho-ke, uyi-kaleidoscope enemibala ekuhambeni kwaphakade.
Izinkomba ezine zendawo yonke zinqunywa ukunyakaza kwansuku zonke nokwaminyaka yonke kweLanga (ama-equinoxes nama-solstices); Le mikhakha emine ihlanganisa izindiza ezintathu ezibheke phezulu zezulu nomhlaba: izulu, umhlaba, nomhlaba ongaphansi. Isibhakabhaka sasicatshangwa njengephiramidi enkulu enezingqimba eziyishumi nantathu, esiqongweni lapho kuhlala khona unkulunkulu ophakeme, Itzamná Kinich Ahau, "Dragon Lord of the solar eye", ekhonjwe yiLanga esikwehleni. Abaphansi kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kuyiphiramidi eguquliwe enezingqimba eziyisishiyagalolunye; endaweni ephansi kunazo zonke, ebizwa Xibalba, uhlala unkulunkulu wokufa, Ah puch, "El Descamado", noma I-Kisin, "I-Flatulent", ekhonjwe yiLanga ku-nadir noma iLanga elifile, Phakathi kwale mibhoshongo emibili umhlaba, okhulelwe njengepuleti elingunxantathu, indawo yokuhlala yomuntu, lapho ukuphikiswa kwalezi zinto ezimbili ezinkulu eziphikisana noNkulunkulu kuxazululwa ngokuvumelana Isikhungo sendawo yonke, ngakho-ke, yisikhungo somhlaba, lapho kuhlala khona umuntu. Kepha uyini umuntu weqiniso, ozobona, akhonze futhi ondle onkulunkulu; lowo-ke ozoba yinjini yendawo yonke?
Ake sibuyele emuva eGumarcaah silalele ukuqhubeka kwe-akhawunti engcwele ye-Ah-Gucumatz:
Ngemuva kokubhujiswa komhlaba wamadoda enziwe ngokhuni, abaDali bathi: “Isikhathi sokuntwela kokusa sesifikile, sokuthi umsebenzi uqedwe futhi nalabo abazosondla futhi basondle, izingane ezikhanyisiwe, izikhonzi eziphucukile zivele; leyo ndoda, ubuntu, ivela ebusweni bomhlaba ". Futhi ngemuva kokucabangisisa nokuxoxisana, bathola udaba okufanele lwenziwe umuntu: i ukolweni. Izilwane ezahlukahlukene zasiza onkulunkulu ngokuletha izikhwebu zommbila ezivela ezweni lenala, iPaxil neCayalá; lezi zilwane kwakunguYac, ikati lasendle; Utiú, impungushe; Quel, upholi, noHoh, igwababa.
Ugogo u-Ixmucané walungisa iziphuzo eziyisishiyagalolunye ngommbila ogayiwe, ukusiza onkulunkulu ukuba bakhe umuntu: “Inyama yabo yayenziwe ngombila ophuzi, ngombila omhlophe; izingalo nemilenze yendoda kwakwenziwe ngenhlama yommbila. Inhlama yommbila kuphela eyangena enyameni yobaba bethu, amadoda amane akhiwa.
Labo bantu, kusho i-Ah-Gucumatz, baqanjwa I-Balam-Quitzé (Jaguar-Quiché), I-Balam-Acab (Jaguar-Night), UMahucutah (Lutho) e Iqui Balam (Umoya-jaguar). “Futhi njengoba babebukeka njengabantu, babengamadoda; bakhuluma, baxoxa, babona, bezwa, bahamba, babamba izinto; babengamadoda amahle futhi amahle futhi nesibalo sawo kwakuyisimo sendoda ”.
Banikezwa nokukhalipha nokubona okuphelele, okuveza ukuhlakanipha okungenamkhawulo. Ngakho-ke, babona ngaso leso sikhathi futhi bakhonza abaDali. Kepha laba babona ukuthi ukube abantu babephelele babengeke bababone noma babakhonze onkulunkulu, babezozilinganisa nabo futhi bangabe besakwazi ukusabalala. Bese kuthi-ke, umpristi wathi, “Inhliziyo yaseZulwini yaphosa inkungu emehlweni abo, eyagcwala amafu njengalapho kushaywa inyanga esibukweni. Amehlo abo ayemboziwe futhi babebona okuseduze kuphela, kuphela lokhu kwakucacile kubo ”.
Ngakho-ke kwehlisa amadoda esilinganisweni sangempela, ubukhulu bomuntu, abafazi babo badalwa. "Bazala amadoda, izizwe ezincane nezizwe ezinkulu, futhi babeyimvelaphi yethu, abantu abangama: Quiché."
Izizwe zanda kwathi ebumnyameni zaqonda khona UTulán, lapho bathola khona izithombe zonkulunkulu babo. Omunye wabo, I-Tohil, wabanika umlilo futhi wabafundisa ukwenza imihlatshelo ukusekela onkulunkulu. Bese kuthi, begqoke izikhumba zezilwane futhi bethwele onkulunkulu babo emhlane, bahamba bayolinda ukuphuma kweLanga elisha, ukuntwela kwezwe lamanje, esiqongweni sentaba. Kuqale kwavela UNobok Ek, inkanyezi enkulu yasekuseni, ememezela ukufika kweLanga. Amadoda abasa impepho aletha neminikelo. Nangempela laphuma iLanga, kwalandela iNyanga nezinkanyezi. "Izilwane ezincane nezinkulu zajabula," kusho i-Ah-Gucumatz, "zasukuma emathafeni emifula, ezihosheni nasesiqongweni sezintaba; Bonke babheka lapho kuphuma khona ilanga.Khona-ke ibhubesi nehlosi kwabhonga ... nokhozi, inqe lenkosi, izinyoni ezincane nezinyoni ezinkulu zelula amaphiko. Masinyane ebusweni bomhlaba babuna ngenxa yelanga ”. Yaphela kanjalo-ke indaba yompristi omkhulu.
Futhi belingisa lezo zizwe eziyizikhulu, bonke abantu baseGumarcaah baphakamisa iculo lokudumisa iLanga nabonkulunkulu boMdali, kanye nakulabo okhokho bokuqala, abadluliselwe kwizidalwa zaphezulu, babavikela esifundeni sasezulwini. Izimbali, izithelo nezilwane kwanikelwa, futhi umpristi owayedela, Ah Nacom, wafaka isisulu somuntu phezulu kwepiramidi ukugcwalisa isivumelwano esidala: bondle onkulunkulu ngegazi labo ukuze baqhubeke nokunikeza impilo endaweni yonke.
