Ayikho indawo engcwele eMexico, ngaphandle kweTepeyac, ethola abahambeli abaningi namazwi okubonga njengalawo aseSan Juan de los Lagos e-Altos de Jalisco.
ISan Juan kungumuzi onabantu abangaba ngu-40 000 abasekelwa yiVirgin engumsizi. Inani labantu linamandla amahhotela aqinile, kusuka ezinkampanini eziningi kuya kumahhotela angenazinkanyezi. Amandla okudla nendawo yokudlela ukukhonza izinkulungwane zama diners ngasikhathi sinye.
I- umkhakha wokubonga: amakhandlela, iminikelo yokuvuma, umhlaba omncane we ISan Juan, izithombe, izithombe zeVirgin, ama-novenas nezincwajana zingena ezindleleni ezisendleleni yesonto lombhishobhi. Kunzima ukubona izingxenyeni zezindlu zalesi sizwe sase-Alteña, ngoba izingubo zokulala zamabhizinisi angomahamba nendlwana asevele esejoyine amabhizinisi amaningi asezinzile, akha i-awning enkulu ehlangene.
ESan Juan yonke into iyathengiswa, kuyibhodi eseceleni yesiyaluyalu esivela e-Encarnación, izindwangu ezivela e-Aguascalientes, imifekethiso evela ku-El Alto, ubuciko bokhuni obuvela eTeocaltiche, izinto zobumba ezivela eTonalá, isikhumba esivela eLeón, ibhokisi laseCelaya, njll. . Lokhu akuyona into engavamile uma idili laseSan Juan laliwumsuka weFeria de San Marcos e-Aguascalientes nakuyo yonke inkathi yomthetho, isitolo esikhulu saseMexico. Ukuthengiswa okukhulu kakhulu kwamahhashi nezinkomo kwenziwa lapho.
Lezi zikhumbuzo ze- Intombi kaJohane oNgcwele ngaye Februwari 2, ngesikhalazo sezentengiselwano kanye nenani elikhulu labangenayo, kuzoholela kwelinye lamaqembu anomsindo kakhulu aheha kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi lapho ubumnandi babuyindlala (ngekhulu le-16).
Izinqubo ezinde kakhulu zokuya ku- ISan Juan Ngamabheji aphuzi nokumnyama awela yonke imigwaqo nezindlela futhi aphikisana nenhlangano esiza abampofu eyayihlala izihambeli zaseSpain, ezethu zivala amaphaseji lapho kukhala "AmaSanjuanu ayeza". Lokhu akukhona ukwenqatshwa noma ukuphikisana nohambo olwabiwa ngokuzinikela kwendawo, kepha ukuvimbela ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa kwamasela, okuthi njengoba kubhekiswa kule nduku, bathathe izinto zabaphazamisekile ukweba okuncane, basebenzise ukungaziwa okukhulu.
Ukuqhutshwa komhlangano kusikisela inhlangano eyedlule kanye nesigaba sabaphathi ekwenzeni. Amakholomu wabahambi anganwebeka ngamakhilomitha futhi ashukunyiswa yizikhulu ezikhonjwe ngamasongo namabheji, akhipha ama-oda futhi axhumanise imithandazo, izingoma, ijubane lokuhamba phambili namakhefu.
Ngaphambili kunesibhengezo seqembu lesifunda noma lokuhambela ngezinsimbi elinamaribhoni aphuzi namnyama. Uhambo lokuya endaweni engcwele lungahlala amasonto ambalwa, kuya ngendawo odabuka kuyo. Kujwayelekile ukuthi baholwe ngumfundisi ogubha iMisa ngesikhathi sohambo.
Abanye abadlula ngendlela yilabo bahambi abahamba uhambo ngezinhlanga ezimbili ezinameva ezinjenge-scapular emhlane onqunu. Abanye baguqa ngamadolo besizwa yizihlobo ezendlala ingubo ekuvukeni kwazo; umhlatshelo ukhishwa ngaphandle ngezindlela eziyinkulungwane, ngenkolelo edumile yokuthi noma ngubani ophazamisa ukuzibophezela kwegunya lakhe, uba yitshe.
ISan Juan de Los Lagos ekugcineni ubonakala sengathi ufihlwe emgodini egqumeni laseLos Altos. Okuhlaba umxhwele i-basilica-cathedral wobuciko obubabazekayo bokukhanda i-ashlar, inselele ukuphakama nemibhoshongo yayo emide. Akekho ongazi isifunda ongacabanga ukuphakama kwala mabandla aseJalisco. Izungezwe ukugcwala okuphakanyiswe izindlu ezisenhlabathini ethintekayo. I-trace ifinyelela igridi eqinile phezu kwendawo emangele.
Ku- 1542, ngemuva nje kokuhlubuka kweMixtón okwase kuzophela ukunqoba kwamaCastile, yasungulwa, kule ndawo ebizwa Mezquititlán noma indawo yemesquite, isifunda saseSan Juan Bautista esivela ngo-1633 sasigcwele izakhamuzi zase USanta Maria de los Lagos, ngakho bayibiza ngokuthi iSan Juan de los Lagos.
Ngawo lowo nyaka wesisekelo sawo, uFray Miguel de Bolonia O.F.M. yanikeza leli dolobha elalisanda kuvela isithombe salezi ezivamile kumaFranciscans. Bantula ukuzinikezela noma bazinikezela ku-Immaculate Conception. Kwakufanele bagqoke, okusho ukuthi, babeqoshwe ubuso nezandla kuphela, usayizi wabo waguquka phakathi kwamasentimitha angama-25 kuya kwangama-50, okwenza bakwazi ukuhanjiswa ngamahhashi abo aboshelwe esihlalweni. Lezi zithombe zibizwe ngokuthi izithunywa zevangeli, ezempi noma isibhedlela, iningi lazo ezithatha igama lendawo yazo.
Kodwa-ke, yize kwakudala kweVirgin yaseSan Juan, leli hlelo laqala kwaze kwaba ngu-1623, ngenxa yodumo lwalo njengesimangaliso. UmJesuit uFrancisco de Florencia uyasitshela lapho i- “volantín” (isekisi) ifundisa amadodakazi akhe ukuzivocavoca ngophawu lwezinkemba, enye yazo yawa yafa. Isalukazi sitshele abazali ukuba bahambe bayoziduduza ngeSihuapilli (iNenekazi) laBantu, elizovusa indodakazi yabo. Baya e-hermitage futhi babeka isithombe esingcwele esifubeni sentombazane futhi ngesikhathi esifushane saphila. Ubuye akhulume ngokubuyiselwa kwesithombe esidliwe yinundu ngobusuku obubodwa, yinsizwa eyisimanga eyanyamalala ingalindelanga ukukhokha, lo mcimbi kuthiwa wenziwa yingelosi.
Kusukela kulo mzuzu kuqhubeke, izimangaliso nezeluleko zaqoqwa, kwaholela ekwakhiweni kwendlu engcwele. Kusukela ngo-1643 kuya ku-1641, i-bachelor Diego de Camarena yakha eyokuqala, eyaziwa ngokuthi yiChapel of the First Miracle. Ngo-1682 owesibili manje oyisifunda waqedwa. Ngo-1732 uMbhishobhi waseGuadalajara, uCarlos de Cervantes, waqala isonto lamanje ngo-1769, kusukela manje opapa uPius X, uPius XI, uPius XII noJohn XIII balinikeza isikhundla seCollegiate Church, iBasilica neCathedral.
Kuyisikhumbuzo esihle sokwakha sangesikhathi samakoloni ukukhulekelwa nokuzinikela kwakho okwaholela ekutheni Umbukiso Wonyaka kumiswe yiKing Carlos IV ngoNovemba 20, 1797. Yakhelwe ku-esplanade ebanzi 3 m ukuphakama ngaphambili. Ihlehlisiwe kuma-engeli ayo amathathu futhi ikhawulelwe cishe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezine nge-balustrade yamatshe. Ingaphakathi liqukethe ukulinganisela nobungqondo be-oda le-Doric.
ISan Juan Inomthombo wayo futhi, ondaba yayo isitshela ukuthi kulesi sifunda esinamadwala nesomile, intombazane yashaya idwala ngenduku, kwaphuma amanzi. Njengazo zonke lezi zimo intombazane yanyamalala. Lesi sithombe esokunamathisela kwesiqu sommbila Totzinqueni ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi yenziwa ePátzcuaro. Ayidluli u-50 cm, yize yandiswa ngokuba khona kwezingelosi ezithwala ifilakteriya:I-Mater Inmaculata noma i-pro nobis. Inyanga nesisekelo, konke kwenziwa ngesiliva. Lesi sithombe senziwe ngendlela ethandwayo futhi siyinkulumo engcwele. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi kungenye yezithombe ze-jeweled kakhulu eMexico.
Ake sithi ngefektri yesonto ukuthi ingenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu eMexico. Uhlelo lwaso oluphansi lunesiphambano sesiLatini esinezivalo ze-Gothic ribbed, ukuphakama kwalo kukunikeza isikhumbuzo esihle, sineziteshi zeSiphambano esinebhulashi elihle elenziwe ngesiliva nasekamelweni lokugqoka kunomdwebo obhekiswe kuRubens.
Ukuqoqwa kweminikelo yokuvotelwa eshintshwa njalo kuyahlaba umxhwele. I-sacristy icebile ngefenisha nokudweba, kepha okugqama kakhulu ingaphandle layo, ngenxa yebhalansi etholakele phakathi kobukhulu bayo obukhulu nokuhlobisa kwayo, okukhomba isikhathi sokuguquka phakathi kweBaroque neNeoclassical.
