Wake wakucabanga ukukhuphuka intaba uyofuna inyamazane? Noma ubheke iturkey yasendle? Noma uzithole uphambi kwempisi yaseMexico? Ukuchaza ukuzwa kunzima; okungcono, qhubeka uphile!
Indawo Yokulondolozwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo. IMichilía yadalwa ngonyaka we-1975 yi-Institute of Ecology kanye nezwe laseDurango, ngokuxhaswa yi-SEP kanye ne-CONACYT. Ukuyakha, kwasungulwa inhlangano yomphakathi lapho izikhungo ezibalwe ngenhla nabantu bendawo babamba iqhaza, kushiya umthwalo esikhungweni sokucwaninga ngezenzo zesiqiwi. Ngo-1979, iLa Michilía yajoyina i-MAB-UNESCO, okuwuhlelo lwamazwe omhlaba olucwaninga, ukuqeqesha, ukukhombisa kanye nokuqeqesha oluqondiswe ukuhlinzeka izisekelo zesayensi kanye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe abadingekayo ekusetshenzisweni kangcono nasekugcinweni kwemithombo yemvelo ye-biosphere. .
ILa Michilía itholakala kumasipala waseSúchel, eningizimu-mpumalanga enkulu yezwe laseDurango. Kubandakanya indawo engama-70,000 ha, lapho i-7,000 yayo ihambelana nendawo esemqoka, okuyigquma elimhlophe, elisenyakatho ntshonalanga enkulu yendawo. Imikhawulo yendawo ye-buffer yiSierra de Michis entshonalanga kanye neSierra Urica empumalanga, okukhomba nokwehlukana phakathi kwamazwe aseDurango naseZacatecas.
Isimo sezulu siphakathi nendawo uma kome; izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lihluka phakathi (12 no 28 degrees). Indawo yokuhlala yesiqiwi ihlathi le-oki elixubekile, elinokuhlukahluka konke nokwakheka ngokuya ngezici ezibonakalayo zemvelo; kukhona nezindawo zemvelo zotshani nama-chaparral. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezibalulekile singabala izinyamazane ezinomsila omhlophe, i-puma, ingulube yasendle, i-coyote ne-cocono noma i-turkey yasendle.
Ngaphakathi kweLa Michilía nokufeza izinhloso ezibalulekile zanoma iyiphi indawo ebekiwe, kwenziwa imigqa emihlanu yocwaningo:
1. Izifundo zemvelo zezilwane ezinomgogodla: abacwaningi bagxile kakhulu ocwaningweni lokuphakelwa namandla ezinyamazane ezinomsila omhlophe nesigaxa. Baphinde futhi benza ucwaningo ngokuguquguquka kwesibalo sabantu kanye nemiphakathi yama-vertebrate amancane (izibankwa, izinyoni namagundane).
EMexico kunezinhlobo zezinyoni zomhlaba ezihlonishwa kakhulu, i-turkey yasendle. Kodwa-ke, kuncane okwaziwayo ngaye.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa eLa Michilía luhlose ukukhulisa ulwazi ngalezi zinhlobo ngokulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yokuhlala kanye nobuningi besibalo sabantu. Lezi zinhloso zihlose ukuthuthukisa esikhathini esizayo uhlelo lokuphatha lwabantu bakakhukhunathi wasendle.
2. Ucwaningo lwezimila nezitshalo: ukunqunywa kwezinhlobo zohlaza kanye nokulungiswa kwencwajana yezihlahla nezihlahlana ezisesiqiwini.
Ihlathi le-oki-pine lakha uhlobo oluyinhloko lohlaza. Amahlathi e-cedar-oak nezindawo ezinotshani kuqukethe ezinye izinhlobo zezimila ezitholakala ezindaweni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Phakathi komkhakha obalulekile kukhona: ama-oki (i-Quercus), amaphayini (i-Pinus), i-manzanitas (i-Arctostaphylos) nemisedari (i-Juniperus).
3. Ukuphathwa kwezilwane zasendle: izifundo zokusebenzisa indawo yokuhlala kwezinyamazane ezinomsila omhlophe nesigaxa ukuze kuphakanyiswe izindlela ezanele zokuphathwa kwazo. Le misebenzi iqalwe ngesicelo sabantu bendawo abakhombise intshisekelo enkulu.
EMexico, inyamazane enemisila emhlophe ingenye yezilwane ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuzingela futhi ingenye yezishushiswa kakhulu, yingakho kwenziwa imikhuba yokudla yalesi silwane, ukuze kwaziwe isici esibalulekile se-biology lokhu futhi uthole ukuhlanganisa uhlelo lokuphathwa kwabantu kanye nemvelo yabo.
Ukwenza lolu hlelo, izinsiza zepulazi lezingulube elahliwe zasetshenziswa lapho kwakhiwa khona isiteshi sokucwaninga ngemvelo i-El Alemán, lapho kwenziwa khona ipulazi ukuze kukhiqizwe futhi kwandiswe inani lezinyamazane ezinomsila omhlophe esiqiwini.
4. Izinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa: izifundo zemvelo zempisi yaseMexico (Canislupus bailei) ekuthunjweni ukuze kuzuzwe ukuzala kwazo.
5. Imfuyo kanye nezeluleko zezolimo ezibangelwe kuma-ejidos nasemapulazini.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, iLa Michilía akuyona nje indawo enhle kuphela, yindawo lapho ufunda khona ukwazi imvelo, izitshalo nezilwane zayo. Uyaqonda yini ukuthi kungani intshisekelo yokuyigcina? Ucwaningo, imfundo, ukubamba iqhaza, yingxenye ephilayo yeMexico.
Ungayithola kanjani:
Ukushiya idolobha iDurango, umgwaqo omkhulu wokungena endaweni yokugcina izinto eziphilayo yiPan-American Highway (45). Ngama-82 km ufika eVicente Guerrero, bese usuka lapho uthathe umgwaqo oya eSuchel, idolobha elisendaweni eyi-13 km eningizimu-ntshonalanga; Ukusuka kule ndawo, ulandela umgwaqo owakhiwayo oya eGuadalajara, udabula ingxenye encane egandayiwe neminye imigwaqo eyibhuqu (51 km), ufinyelela esiteshini iPiedra Herrada eLa Michilía Biosphere Reserve.
