UFray Diego de Landa, isithunywa sevangeli saseFranciscan nomlobi wezindaba wekhulu le-16 eYucatán, eshisekela umsebenzi wakhe wobuvangeli, wahambela izindawo ezahlukahlukene enhlonhlweni lapho kwakwaziwa khona ukuthi kunamanxiwa abahlali bakudala.
Olunye lwalolu hambo lwamyisa enhlokodolobha edumile yaseChichén Itzá, okwakhiwa kuyo izakhiwo ezihlaba umxhwele, ofakazi abathule ngobukhulu besikhathi esedlule obabusho ukuthi ngokwezindaba zabadala kwase kuphelile ngemuva kwezimpi phakathi kwama-Itza ne Cocom. Ekupheleni kwengxabano, uChichén Itzá washiywa futhi izakhamuzi zakhona zathuthela emazweni amahlathi asePetén.
Ngesikhathi ehlala emanxiweni, abakhaphi bomdabu bakaFray Diego bamyisa e-cenote edumile, umthombo wemvelo owakhiwa ukuwa kophahla olwalumboze umfula ongaphansi komhlaba, uvumela amadoda ukuthi asebenzise amanzi ukuze azondle.
Lo mgodi omkhulu wawunobuntu obungcwele kumaMaya asendulo, njengoba kwakuyindlela yokuxhumana noChaac, unkulunkulu wasemanzini ngokugqama, umphathi wemvula eyayinisela amasimu futhi ethanda ukukhula kohlaza, ikakhulukazi ummbila nezinye izitshalo baphakela amadoda.
UDiego de Landa, ethanda ukwazi, esebenzisa izinguqulo zabadala ababefundiswe ezikhathini zangaphambi kokunqotshwa, wafunda ukuthi iCenote Engcwele yayingenye yezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu kumasiko ayegubha enhlokodolobha yasendulo . Ngempela, ngezimpimpi zakhe wafunda izinganekwane ezazingena ngomlomo futhi ezichaza ingcebo enhle, equkethe ubucwebe begolide nejade, kanye neminikelo yezilwane neyamadoda, ikakhulukazi izintombi ezisencane.
Enye yezinganekwane yatshela indaba yombhangqwana osemusha owawufihla uthando lwawo ehlathini, ngokumelene nokwenqatshelwa kwabazali bentombi ukuba bahlangane nendoda, ngoba njengoba yayincane ikusasa layo laliphawulwe onkulunkulu: ngolunye usuku, Lapho esekhulile, wayezonikelwa kuChaac, amphonse e-altare elingcwele elalisemaphethelweni e-cenote, amnike impilo yakhe ukuze kuhlale kunezimvula eziningi emasimini aseChichén Itzá.
Lwafika kanjalo-ke usuku lomcimbi omkhulu futhi abathandi abasha bavalelisana ngomunyu, futhi kungaleso sikhathi lapho leli bhungu elinamandla lathembisa isithandwa salo ukuthi ngeke life ngokuminza. Udwendwe lwaya e-altare, kwathi ngemuva kokudlula okungapheli kwemikhuleko yemilingo nezindumiso kunkulunkulu wemvula, kwafika umzuzu ovuthayo lapho baphonsa khona ubucwebe obuyigugu kanye nayo intokazi leyo, eyakhala kakhulu ngenkathi iwela ingenalutho futhi umzimba wakhe ubuzika emanzini.
Le nsizwa yona, yehlele ezingeni eliseduze kwamanzi, ifihliwe emehlweni esixuku, yaziphonsa ukufeza isethembiso sayo. Kwakungekho ukushoda kwalabo ababeqaphela ukungcweliswa bese bexwayisa abanye; intukuthelo yayihlangene futhi ngenkathi behlela ukubopha ababaleki, babaleka.
Unkulunkulu wemvula ujezise wonke umuzi; Kwakuyiminyaka eminingana yesomiso eyafaka abantu eChichén, bejoyina indlala nezifo ezesabeka kakhulu ezaqeda abahlali ababethukile, ababesola ukuhlambalaza ngakho konke okubi kwabo.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, lezo zinganekwane ziveza imfihlakalo phezu kwedolobha elilahliwe, elalimbozwe uhlaza, futhi bekungeke kube kuze kube sekhulwini lokuqala lama-20 lapho u-Edward Thompson, esebenzisa ikhwalithi yakhe yezokuxhumana, egunyazwa njengommeli wase-United States , wathola indawo eyayinamanxiwa omnikazi womhlaba waseYucatecan owayebheka indawo engafanelekile yokuhlwanyela ngakho-ke wayinika inani elincane.
UThompson, ongungqondongqondo wezinganekwane ezixoxa ngengcebo enhle ephonswe emanzini e-cenote, ubeke yonke imizamo yakhe yokuqinisekisa ubuqiniso bezindaba. Phakathi kuka-1904 no-1907, okokuqala ngababhukudi behamba emanzini anodaka futhi kamuva esebenzisa i-dredge elula kakhulu, wakhipha amakhulu ezinto eziyigugu zezinto ezahlukahlukene kakhulu phansi komthombo ongcwele, phakathi kwazo lapho ama-pectorals amahle kanye nobuhlalu obuyindilinga obubhalwe i-jade, nama-discs, amapuleti nezinsimbi kusebenza ngegolide, kungaba ngamasu okukhanda noma ngokuwacubungula kusisekelo esine-wax system elahlekile.
Ngeshwa lowomcebo wakhishwa ezweni lethu futhi, ingxenye enkulu yawo, igcinwe namuhla emaqoqweni ePeabody Museum e-United States. Ngokunikezwa kokuphikelela kwaseMexico ekubuyeni kwabo eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amane edlule, lesi sikhungo saqala sabuyisa izingcezu eziningi zegolide nezethusi ezingama-92, ikakhulukazi, okuyindawo eyayiphokophele kuyo kwakuyiGumbi leMayan leNational Museum of Anthropology, kwathi ngo-1976 kwahanjiswa izinto ezingama-246 eMexico. , ikakhulukazi imihlobiso ye-jade, izingcezu zokhuni nokunye okuboniswayo, ngokuziqhenya kwamaYucatecans, eMnyuziyamu Wesifunda waseMerida.
Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20 kwakukhona imikhankaso emisha yokuhlola eya eSacred Cenote, manje eseyaliwe ngabavubukuli abangochwepheshe kanye nabatshuzi abasebenza ngokukhethekile, abasebenzisa imishini yokudonsa yanamuhla. Njengomphumela womsebenzi wakhe, kwavela izithombe ezingavamile, ziveza isibalo se-jaguar yesitayela esihle kakhulu se-Postclassic Maya yakuqala, eyayisebenza njengomuntu ophethe ejwayelekile. Ezinye izinto zethusi ezazibukeka njengegolide elikhanyayo ngesikhathi sazo, nemihlobiso elula yejade, kanye nezicucu ezazisebenza enjolweni, zobumnandi obedlulele, ezazigcinwe kuleyo ndawo yasemanzini, nazo zasindiswa.
Izazi zomzimba zomuntu zazilindele ngokulangazela amathambo omuntu ukufakazela ubuqiniso bezingcezu, kepha kwakukhona kuphela izingxenye zamathambo ezingane namathambo ezilwane, ikakhulukazi ama-feline, ukutholwa okudiliza izinganekwane zothando zezintombi ezinikelwe.
