IBahía de los Ángeles, eBaja California, ifihle ngaphansi kwamanzi ayo umhlaba othakazelisayo wezinhlobo ezingaphansi kwamanzi nezindawo ezibukeka kahle, eziningi zazo okunzima ukuzithola kwezinye izindawo eMexico. Ungayeki ukubazisa!
Ngo-1951 intatheli UFernando Jordan Wenza uhambo olungakaze lubonwe enhlonhlweni yaseBaja California echaza izimangaliso zalokho akubiza ngokuthi "enye iMexico." Indaba yakhe ikhombisa umzwelo othile lapho amakhilomitha angama-650 eningizimu yeTijuana ethola elinye lamakhona amnandi kakhulu ogwini lwaseBaja California. IJordani lase lifikile ILos Angeles Bay, igugu lemvelo esifundeni esimaphakathi se- Ulwandle lwaseCortez.
Ingosi yeGreat Islands yeGulf of California Region
Lapho sifika e ILos Angeles Bay kusuka emgwaqeni omkhulu obonakalayo indawo iyamangalisa. Ngemuva, i-imposing Isiqhingi sase-Angel de la Guarda (eyesibili ngobukhulu eGulf of California, ngemuva kwe-Isla Tiburon) ivala uchungechunge lweziqhingi ezincane neziqhingana ezisakazeke kulo lonke leli chweba. ICoronado noma iSmith Island, ekhombisa enyakatho inyoni yentaba-mlilo engama-500 m, ilandelwa eningizimu ngu Ukhakhayi, Intwala, Paw, Ifayela le-Boot, I-Hunchback, Umcibisholo, Ukhiye, Ingidi, Iwindi, Ikhanda likaHhashi Y Amawele. Cishe zonke iziqhingi ziyabonakala emgwaqeni, ngaphambi nje kokwehlela edolobheni.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweziqhingi nemifula engaphansi kwamanzi kudala imisinga yasolwandle enamandla, endaweni yokukhiqiza enkulu kanye nengcebo yezinto eziphilayo okwenze amashumi eminyaka kwavusa ilukuluku lososayensi nokuthakazelisa kwabahambi, abafana UFernando Jordan, bazama ukungena kuleli pharadesi.
ILos Angeles Bay ekuqaleni kwakuhlalwa khona cochimíes. Umhloli UFrancisco de Ulloa yahamba ngomkhumbi eduze kwayo cishe ngo-1540, kepha kwakuyi- UmJesuit uJuan Ugarte iSpanish sokuqala ukwehla kule ndawo, ngo-1721. Ukuqala ngo-1759, itheku laqala ukusetshenziswa njengendawo yokungena yezinto nezinto ezisetshenziswa endaweni Umsebenzi weSan Borja, etholakala ngamakhilomitha angama-37 ukusuka ogwini.
Ngo-1880, imali ebalulekile ye- isiliva, okwakhuthaza ukuvulwa kwezimayini eziningana. Ngaleso sikhathi inani labantu lalifinyelela izakhamizi ezingama-500, kepha lokhu kuchuma kwafinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme cishe ngonyaka we-1910, lapho isifunda sacekelwa phansi ngabantu abenza amafilimu. Ngenkathi iningi labavukuzi lihamba esifundeni, abambalwa baqhubeka nokufuna noma ukwakha amarishi. Izakhamuzi eziningi zamanje ze ILos Angeles Bay baphuma kulawo maphayona alukhuni.
Njengamanje, leli dolobha lihlala cishe abantu abangama-300, ikakhulukazi abazinikele kwezokudoba, ezokuvakasha nakwezentengiselwano, ngenkathi cishe inani elilinganayo labantu baseMelika bakhe izindlu zabo zomhlalaphansi noma zeholide lapha.
IPHaradesi LOKUVAKASHELA NOKUVIKELA
Zimbalwa izindawo ku- IGulf of california bacebe ngezimbali nezilwane njengoba ILos Angeles Bay. Kokunye ukuvakasha kwami, umdobi wangimema ukuba ngihambele itheku ngesikebhe sakhe. Kwangimangaza ukuthi, ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa sizulazula sabona ushaka omkhulu whale ebhukuda ngokuzola ebusweni. Lolu hlobo lu engenabungozi okomuntu, ngoba, ngokungafani nezihlobo zakhe ezesatshwayo, yondla kuphela ezilwaneni ezincane nase-algae ezakha i- plankton. Umlomo wayo, yize ungafinyelela cishe imitha ububanzi, awunawo amazinyo, ngakho-ke kuhlunga ukudla ngemiphunga yayo. Ohambweni olufushane sikwazile ukubona oshaka be-whale abayisishiyagalombili ehlangane ekugcineni kweningizimu yetheku, lapho imisinga igxila khona eplankton.
Amanzi etheku ayindawo yokuphephela kaJehova umkhomo, isilwane sesibili ngobukhulu esake saba khona emhlabeni wethu, sidlulwa kuphela yi umkhomo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kukhona futhi eziningi amahlengethwa, futhi eziqhingini ungabona amakoloni amaningana we amabhubesi olwandle.
Ku- ILos Angeles Bay yisibalo sabantu base Ivuba elinsundu okubaluleke kakhulu kwe IGulf of california. Ngisuka esikebheni ngabona ukuthi imihosha namawa ezinye zalezi ziqhingi zimbozwe izidleke ivuba. Le nyoni yasolwandle izondla kakhulu ngama-sardine ayibamba eduze komhlaba, isebenzisa ubukhulu bezikole zayo. Lapho izidleke, ama-pelicans azwela kakhulu ekuphazanyisweni komuntu, ngakho-ke akuvunyelwe ukwehla kulezi ziqhingi ehlobo, ngesikhathi sazo sokuzala.
Enye inyoni yobuhle obubodwa futhi ebonakala kalula kule ndawo yi- ukhozi oludobayo, uhlobo olwakha izidleke zalo emaweni aphakeme eziqhingini zase ILos Angeles Bay. I-osprey ngokuyisisekelo idla izinhlanzi, yingakho igama layo. Ukuthola isisulu sayo, indiza ngaphezu kwamanzi ize ithole isikole, okungcono emanzini angajulile. Ngemuva kwalokho isuka iyongena emanzini icwile emanzini, ibambe isisulu sayo ngozipho. Ngesikhathi sesidleke owesilisa uphethe ukuhlinzeka ngokudla, kanti insikazi ihlala esidlekeni ivikela amaphuphu ayo elangeni nasezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
Uzimele ngamanzi e-emerald, iqoqo leziqhingi lase ILos Angeles Bay ilungele ukuphequlula i-kayak. Isiqhingi saseCoronado ingenye yezintandokazi ze- ukukanisa futhi inombukwane oyingqayizivele omkhulu ichibi ogcwalisa amagagasi amakhulu futhi athulule emanzini aphansi, akhe umfula wangempela odabula isiqhingi.
“Ama-kayaker” amaningi ahamba uhambo lwezinsuku eziningi enqamula lonke leli qoqo leziqhingi, futhi abanolwazi oluningi kakhulu bawela, basuke esiqhingini baye esiqhingini, baye esifundeni saseSonora. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinhlobo zezigigaba zidinga ubuchwepheshe obukhulu nolwazi ngemimoya yasendaweni nemisinga, ngoba isifunda sibhekene nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu okungazelelwe.
ILos Angeles Bay futhi iyindawo ethandwa kakhulu ye- ukudoba kwezemidlalo kungaba ezikebheni ezinenjini engaphandle noma ezikebheni ezinkulu. Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu kukhona i-horse mackerel, i-tuna, i-marlin ne-dorado.
IZINQWABA ZASOLWANDLE
I- izimfudu zasolwandle zazisetshenziswa ngendlela esimeme ngabantu bomdabu bakule ndawo amakhulu eminyaka. Kodwa-ke, ukudotshwa kwamashumi eminyaka adlule kubenze bacishe kwaphela. Kusukela ngo-1940 lezi zinhlobo zaqala ukuxhashazwa ngokuhweba, ngeminyaka yama-1960 ukukhiqizwa kwaba ngenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ku- EMexico, futhi ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 ukudotshwa kwezinhlanzi kwehla.
Ekhathazekile ngokuncipha okukhulu kwezimfudu, eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 eyedlule u-Antonio noBeatriz Reséndiz basungulwa e ILos Angeles Bay okokuqala Isikhungo Sokufundwa Nokongiwa Kwezimfudu Zasolwandle Inyakatho-ntshonalanga ye EMexico. Lesi sinyathelo, sisekelwa yi- Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezokudoba, sekuphenduke indinganiso yokongiwa kwemithombo yasolwandle yetheku.
I- Ikamu laseTortuguero I-de los Reséndiz ithola inqwaba yezivakashi, kufaka phakathi abafundi, ososayensi kanye nabavakashi, abeza ukuzobona izimfudu ekuthunjweni ochungechungeni lwamachibi akhiwe olwandle. Lelebhu engajwayelekile ivumele ukuthi i-biology kanye ne-physiology yezimfudu kufundwe kabanzi, futhi kuholele ekuhlolweni kokubaluleka komhlaba wonke.
Ngo-Agasti 1996 ufudu olwathunjwa lwazalelwa ekuthunjweni yiReséndiz lwadedelwa ogwini lwasePacific eBaja California. "I-Adelita", njengoba ufudu lwalubhabhadiswa, lwalufaka umshini wokuhambisa owawuyokwazi ukwazi ukuthi ukuphi. Ngonyaka owodwa ngemuva kokukhishwa kwayo, nangemva kokumbozwa 11,500 km ngaphesheya koLwandlekazi iPacific, u-Adelita wafinyelela ISenday Bay, phakathi EJapan, kukhombisa okokuqala amandla nezindlela zokufuduka zofudu. Ukutholakala kunikeze umfutho omusha esikhungweni saseTortuguero se ILos Angeles Bay, eshumayela ngokungaphezi endaweni isidingo sokumisa ukudotshwa ngasese nokubambisana ekulondolozweni kwalezi zilwane ezinobungane.
IKUSASA
Zimbalwa izindawo emhlabeni ezinokuhlukahluka kwempilo yasolwandle nobuhle bamathafa afana nalawa ILos Angeles Bay, okuyinikeza ukuheha okukhulu kwabavakashi nezesayensi. Ukuphendula lokhu okungenzeka, eziningana amahhotela, izitolo nezindawo zokudlela. Kodwa-ke, ilungelo lokuba nalezi zingcebo zemvelo lisho nomthwalo omkhulu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa lezi zinsizakusebenza ngaphandle kokusongela ukulondolozwa kwazo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Bayasazi lesi simo, abahlali base ILos Angeles Bay kanye nenhlangano yokongiwa kwemvelo Pronatura kukhuthaze ukwakhiwa kwe- Ipaki Kazwelonke yaseBahia de Los Angeles. Le ndawo entsha yemvelo evikelwe izobandakanya iziqhingi nengxenye yasolwandle yetheku, isebenza njengohlaka lokulawula nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme kokudoba okuhweba, ukudoba kwezemidlalo kanye nezokuvakasha esifundeni. Lokhu kuzozuzisa umphakathi wendawo, kuqinisekiswe ukongiwa kwaleli tshe eliyigugu loLwandle lwaseCortez.
INDLELA YOKUTHOLA IBAHÍA DE LOS ANGELES
Kusukela UTijuana ufika ILos Angeles Bay ngomgwaqo omkhulu obonakalayo. I-600 km eningizimu thatha igatsha liye empumalanga kule parador ebizwa IPunta Prieta, ephawulwe ngokucacile. ILos Angeles Bay itholakala ku-50 km ukusuka emgwaqeni omkhulu we-transpeninsular futhi umgwaqo ugandayiwe.
