I-Ayapango yidolobha lasendulo elisemthambekeni osentshonalanga we-Iztaccihuatl, lapho kwazalelwa khona imbongi edumile u-Aquiauhtzin.
I-Ayapango itholakala eduze kakhulu ne-Amecameca; Kuyidolobha elijwayelekile lemigwaqo enezintambo nezindlu ezinophahla oluyizingcingo, ezinamathayili obumba amnyama amnyama, okuyisici salesi sifunda.
Njengamanje, babalelwa ku-5 200 abantu abahlala kulo masipala, iningi labo okungabasebenzi basemini ababambe iqhaza ekulimeni okuyisisekelo kwezolimo nasekulimeni ubisi, ngoba ukwenza ushizi ngomunye umsebenzi obalulekile kumasipala. Eqinisweni, kunamapulazi amaningana akhiqiza okuphuma kubisi okwahlukahlukene, phakathi kwawo "i-El Lucero" ivelele.
Sifikile kuleli dolobha sihehwa wudumo lwoshizi walo nokuthi amanye ama-haciendas awo wangaphambili nama-ranchi, afana ne-Retana hacienda yangaphambili kanye nepulazi laseSanta María, ayesebenza njengezindawo zamafilimu zamafilimu ahlukahlukene aseMexico.
Edolobheni sithole izakhiwo, imicimbi kanye nezibalo zomlando ezeqe ebesikulindele okokuqala, sishiya ukufuna izindawo zama-movie adumile ngemuva.
Ayapango nguGabriel Ramos Millán
Kutholakala eSifundazweni SaseMexico, umasipala unegama eligcwele lika-Ayapango elivela kuGabriel Ramos Millán, ngoba kuleli dolobha ummeli uRamos Millán wazalwa ngo-1903, owakhethwa njengephini ngo-1943 futhi waba yisenenja ngo-1946; Ngo-1947, ethunywe nguMongameli Miguel Alemán, wasungula iKhomishini Kazwelonke Yommbila, eyethula ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlamvu ezihlanganisiwe nezithuthukisiwe eMexico; Iphinde yagqugquzela ukuhlukaniswa kwamazwe amaningi entshonalanga yeMexico City futhi yabona ukwanda kwamadolobha eningizimu; wayebuye abe ngumphathi wabaculi abehlukene. URamos Millán washona ngo-1949 engozini yendiza lapho esuka e-Oaxaca eya eMexico City. enkampanini yomlingisi uBlanca Estela Pavón (1926-1949), naye owashona engozini. Le ndiza yaphahlazeka ePico del Fraile, indawo eseduze nePopocatépetl. UGabriel Ramos Millán ushone cishe phambi kwabantu bakubo.
Ngaphezu kwegama likamasipala, namuhla leli qhawe lendawo likhunjuzwa ngokuqhuma kwalo, eduze kwetiyoski yasesigodini, negama lalo esikoleni samabanga aphansi sikahulumeni kanye nasemgwaqweni omkhulu edolobheni; ngokufanayo, ngaphakathi esigodlweni sikamasipala ungabona umfanekiso wakhe kawoyela. Indlu yomndeni womlingiswa nayo ihlala, endaweni enegama langaphambi kweSpanishi likaTehualixpa.
Okunye futhi okwandulela i-Hispanic ngomunye umlingiswa, ongaziwa kangako kodwa ongabalulekile kangako: u-Aquiauhtzin Cuauhquiyahuacatzintli, isicukuthwane esingumdabu esazalwa ngo-1430, umbhali we- "Song of the Women of Chalco", esibizwa nangokuthi “La Enemiga”, noma “Warrior Song of the Soldaderas Chalcas ”. Igama lakhe manje selithathwa yiNdlu Yesiko kumasipala.
Umlobi wezindaba wase-Ayapango, uProfesa Julián Rivera López, usitshele ukuthi isazi-mlando uMiguel León-Portilla wayejwayele ukuthatha abafundi bakhe baye kuleli dolobha bayomemezela ngengoma ingoma edumile yase-Aquiauhtzin, enye yezindawo zayo okulandelayo:
"Ingabe inhliziyo yakho izowela kokuyize, Axayácatl ohloniphekile? Nazi izandla zakho ezihloniphekile, ngezandla zakho zingithathe. Masibe nenjabulo. Embhedeni wakho wezimbali lapho ukhona, umngane ohloniphekile, uzinikele kancane kancane, ukulala, uhlale uzolile, mfana wami omncane, wena, Mnu. Axayácatl ... "
Umsuka wegama le-Ayapango
I-Ayapango ivela ku-Eyapanco, eyakhiwe nge-ey (noma yei), ezintathu; i-apantli (apancle), i-caño noma i-acequia, ne-co, en, futhi isho ukuthi: "Eziteshini ezintathu noma i-acequias", okungukuthi, "endaweni lapho kuhlangana khona imisele emithathu".
Mhlawumbe ama-apancle amathathu aqhamuka noma ahlangana kule sayithi futhi mhlawumbe lapha aphambukiswa ngokuthanda, ngokusho kwezidingo ze-milpas, ngoba kuyaziwa ukuthi abantu baseMexico basendulo babenezinhlelo zokunisela eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuvakasha i-Ayapango
Ngasohlangothini olusenyakatho lwesigodlo sikamasipala yithempeli elikhulu lase-Ayapango, okuyisifunda kanye nesigodlo sangaphambilini seSantiago Apóstol, i-atrium yayo enokhuni ezungezwe udonga olujwayelekile olucwengekile, olwaluphawuleka kangaka ngamathempeli angamaKristu ekhulu le-16 nele-17 eMexico . Idili labaphathi lingoJuni 25.
Kamuva saya e-El Calvario, isigodlo esasiyincithakalo saseFranciscan esingamakhilomitha amabili eningizimu. Kuyisakhiwo esidala esikhuphuka esiqongweni setshe lentaba-mlilo. Ngeshwa iyawa futhi isizwa yizandla zezigebengu ezintshontsha izinkwali ezibazwe kahle. UJasmine wekhulu leminyaka ukhumbula lokho okwake kwaba yinsimu yezithelo. Lesi sakhiwo esidala besifanele inhlanhla engcono, ngethemba lokuthi singabuyiselwa ngaphambi kokuba sibhidlike ngokuphelele, sikhohliwe yilabo okufanele babe abagadi baso abashisekayo kakhulu.
Ngemuva kwalokho sivakashela izinsalela ezimbalwa zamanxiwa ezindawo zangaphambili zeSanta Cruz Tamariz. Unobhala kamasipala wayesitshele ukuthi la manxiwa ahlaselwa yimindeni eminingana ehlala kuwo manje.
Le hacienda yangaphambilini itholakala ohlangothini olulodwa lwedolobha laseSan Francisco Zentlalpan, elinelinye ithempeli elihle elinalo lonke olungaphambili lwesakhiwo — kufaka phakathi amakholomu– enziwe nge-tezontle. Ngendlela, ukuze ufinyelele i-atrium ebiyelwe futhi efakwe ithempeli, kufanele uwele ibhuloho elakhiwe ngomakhelwane ngoMeyi 21, 1891.
Siphinde sivakashele namathempeli awo ayengamadolobha futhi manje sekuyizithunywa zalo masipala: iSan Martín Pahuacán, iSan Bartolo Mihuacán, iSan Juan Tlamapa, iSan Dieguito Chalcatepehuacan neSan Cristóbal Poxtla. Ekungeneni kwaleli dolobha lokugcina, ohlangothini olulodwa lomgwaqo, kunepulazi i- "El Lucero", elingumkhiqizi ophambili woshizi esifundeni. UNkk. María del Pilar García Luna, umnikazi nomsunguli wale nkampani ephumelelayo, nendodakazi yakhe, u-Elsa Aceves García, basivumele ukuthi sibone ukuthi ushizi wohlobo lwe-Oaxaca wenziwa kanjani: kubhavu omkhulu wensimbi engagqwali onamanzi ashisayo, amadoda amathathu Baqala ukudonsa isisindo soshizi esingama-60 kg, base beselula ukuze bakhe ucezu lobubanzi obungu-40 cm ngobude obungu-3 m, base beqhubeka nokuluhudula baba yimichilo emincane abayisika bayifaka komunye ubhavu wamanzi abandayo , ukuze kamuva enze ushizi "ama-tangles" acishe abe ikhilogremu elilodwa. Leli pulazi likhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zoshizi ezithengiswa kakhulu eMexico City. nezifundazwe zasePuebla, Morelos naseGuerrero.
Impela, ipulazi "i-El Lucero" liyindawo ekahle yokuchitha isikhathi esimnandi nokunambitha konke okuphuma kubisi.
Imininingwane ka-Ayapango
Uma uhamba maphakathi naleli dolobha ungabona izindlu ezinhle kakhulu, eziningi zazo kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Amagama ezinkatho nezindawo izindlu zazo, ezindala noma zesimanje, ziyaqhubeka nokwaziwa futhi ziqanjwe ngabantu bendawo ngamagama endawo amahle aseNahua, anjengePelaxtitla, Tepetlipa, Xaltepa, Huitzila, Huitzilyac, Teopanquiahuac, Huitzilhuacan, Teopantitla, Caliecac, aqhubeka kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi kweSpanishi. I-Tecoac, njll.
Kumnandi ukuzulazula emigwaqweni emaphakathi ye-Ayapango nguGabriel Ramos Millán, njengoba umuntu emangala emangala, ethola ezindlini ezindala imininingwane yokwakhiwa efanelekile ukubabazeka, njenge- "Casa Grande" ne- "Casa Afrancesada", enezingosi, ama-balcony, ama-lintels, ama-oculi, ama-windowsills kanye ne-recesses kuhle kakhulu ukuthi kufanelekile ukuvakashela leli dolobha ukuze sizazi futhi sizicabange ngawo wonke amandla ethu wenjabulo yobuhle.
Ungafika kanjani e-Ayapango
Ukushiya i-DF. thatha umgwaqo omkhulu ohlangene oya eChalco, futhi ngemuva kokudlula leli dolobha uqhubeke ubheke eCuautla, futhi ibanga elilodwa lekhilomitha ngaphambi kokufika e-Amecameca, jikela ngasezindaweni ezedlula; Amakhilomitha amathathu nje kude yi-Ayapango nguGabriel Ramos Millán.
