IPijijiapan itholakala ogwini lwasePacific, esifundazweni saseChiapas; igama layo lakhiwe ngamagama athi pijiji, avela kumame, okuyigama lenyoni enonyawo lwewebhu lesifunda, ne-apan, okusho ukuthi "indawo", noma "indawo emanzini", okungukuthi, "indawo ye-pijijis" .
Indawo lapho abantu bakhona khona manje yasungulwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwenkulungwane eyedlule, futhi kuso sonke lesi sikhathi le ndawo ithole imithelela yamasiko ehlukahlukene, ikakhulu egqugquzelwa ukuhwebelana nama-Olmec, amaNahuas, ama-Aztec, amaMixes namaZoques, namanye amaqembu IMelika Ephakathi. Kepha iqembu lobuhlanga elihlanganise iPijijiapan, ngokwesiko nangokofuzo, kwakungu-mames (ama-protomayas aseningizimu). Ngasekupheleni kuka-1524 umasipala wanqotshwa abaseSpain beholwa nguPedro de Alvarado, elibangise eGuatemala.
Umlando wePijijiapan unesikhathi samakholoni kusuka ku-1526 kuya ku-1821, unyaka lapho iGuatemala yazimela khona eSpain; ISoconusco neChiapas, ezifakwe eGuatemala, nazo zihlala zizimele. Kodwa kuze kube ngo-1842, ngemuva kokuthi iSoconusco ixhunywe eChiapas - ngakho-ke iye eMexico- lapho lesi sifunda siba yingxenye yeRiphabhuliki yaseMexico.
Namuhla kunezinsalela ezithile zalokho okwakukudala kudlile. Cishe ngamamitha ayi-1 500 ukusuka edolobheni, entshonalanga yoMfula iPijijiapan, kunamatshe aqoshiwe aziwa ngokuthi “yiLa rumored”; Leli qembu linamatshe amathathu aqoshwe amakhulu avela e-Olmec; okuphoqelela kakhulu futhi okusesimweni esihle kakhulu "yitshe lamasosha", okusizakala kwawo kwenziwa ngesikhathi "seSan Lorenzo phase" (1200-900 BC). Idolobha laseSan Lorenzo lisenkabeni yesifunda sase-Olmec eLa Venta, phakathi kweVeracruz neTabasco. Yize izakhi ze-Olmec zivela kuso sonke isifunda esisogwini, ukukhululeka kwamatshe asePijijiapan kufakazela ukuthi indawo yokuhlala yase-Olmec yayikhona lapha nokuthi kwakungeyona nje indawo yabathengisi.
Umasipala unezindawo ezimbili ezihlukaniswe kabanzi ngokwesimo sendawo yazo: indawo eyisicaba ehambisana nolwandle kanti enye emangelengele kakhulu eqala ngamagquma, ikhula emagqumeni eSierra Madre iphele ekugcineni kwayo. Indawo esogwini lwaseChiapas kwakuyiphaseji yemvelo yokufudukela eningizimu kanye nokuhamba kwezentengiselwano nokunqoba.
Ngezikhathi zangaphambi kweSpanishi kwakukhona inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yemisele emachwebeni asendulo abantu ababevame ukuhamba amabanga amade, ngisho naseMelika Ephakathi. Ukuvinjezelwa njalo lapho le ndawo ihlupheka khona ngenxa yemizamo yokunqoba nokuhlasela kubangele, ezimweni eziningi, ukuthi inani lezakhamizi lehle kakhulu, ngoba abomdabu bendawo bafuna ukuphephela ezintabeni noma bathutha, ukuze bagweme Ukuhlaselwa.
Esifundeni kunohlelo olubalulekile nolungapheli lwamachibi anezizalo zemifula, amaxhaphozi, amapampu, imigoqo, njll., Okuvame ukufinyelelwa ngepanga noma ngesikebhe kuphela. Phakathi kwemifula etholakala kalula kubalwa iChocohuital, iPalmarcito, iPalo Blanco, iBuenavista neSantiago. Indawo enamachachazi inobubanzi obulinganiselwa ku-4 km wenhlabathi enosawoti, nenani elikhulu lobumba olumnyama.
Emabhishi, phakathi kwemithi yesundu notshani obuluhlaza, ungathola izindlu ezincane ezenziwe ngama-mangrove palisades, uphahla lwesundu nezinye izinto ezivela esifundeni, ezinikeza le mizana emincane yokudoba ukubukeka nokunambitheka kwayo uqobo. Ungafika kubha lapho imiphakathi itholakala khona ngepanga, futhi ngesikebhe ungahamba osebeni lwezizalo futhi uncome imihlume yayo emhlophe nebomvu, izintende zasebukhosini, i-tulle, iminduze nosapote wamanzi, ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-50. Izilwane zicebile futhi zihlukahlukene. Kukhona izibankwa, ama-raccoon, ama-otter, ama-pijijis, izindwandwe, ama-chachalacas, ama-toucans, njll. Omata bakha inethiwekhi eyindida yemigwaqo yasemanzini, enezindawo ezincane zobuhle obukhulu. Lapha kujwayelekile ukuhlangana nemihlambi yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoni.
Ngaphezu kwalolu daka olungavamile, umasipala unokunye okuhehayo ngokwemvelo: imifula. Ebangeni elifushane kakhulu ukusuka edolobheni, eMfuleni iPijijiapan kunezindawo ezifanele zokubhukuda ezibizwa ngokuthi “amachibi”. Uxhumano lwamanzi esifundeni luyinkimbinkimbi; kunemifudlana engenakubalwa, eminingi yayo iyimifudlana yemifula engumsakazo ikakhulu onomphela. Amachibi aziwa kakhulu yi "del Anillo", i- "del Capul", i- "del Roncador", phakathi kwamanye amaningi. Ezinye izimpophoma kufanelekile ukuvakashelwa, njenge "Arroyo Frío".
Kepha ngaphezu kokuhehayo kwayo kwemvelo nokwenziwa kwemivubukulo, iPijijiapan namuhla iyindawo enhle enezakhiwo zomdabu ezithokozisayo, ezinye izakhiwo zakhiwa ngekhulu le-19 leminyaka; esigcawini esikhulu sithola isitodlwana esijwayelekile kanye nesonto laso elizinikele eSantiago Apóstol. Esinye sezici ngopende wezindlu, onemibala eminingi, osetshenziswa ngaphandle kokwesaba. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, izindlu ezaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "zinodaka" zaqala ukwakhiwa, ngophahla lwamathayela. Kukhona ubuciko esifundeni okufanele buvikelwe, ukubonakaliswa kokudala okunikeza isiza ubuntu obungejwayelekile.
Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, leli dolobhana lasendulo lalakhiwe izindlu zendabuko ezazinemvelaphi yangaphambi kweSpanishi, zinendawo engcolile, izindonga eziyindilinga nophahla lwesundu esakhiweni sokhuni. Namuhla lolu hlobo lokwakha seluvele lwanyamalala. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu amathuna asedolobheni anamathuna awo ekhulu le-19 kanye nezinguqulo ezinemibala yesimanje. Edolobheni laseLlanito, imizuzu embalwa ukusuka esihlalweni sikamasipala, kunendlu yesonto yeVirgin yaseGuadalupe okufanele ivakashelwe. Ngokunjalo nasendlini yedolobhana lamasiko kunezingcezu ezithokozisayo zemivubukulo, ezinjengokushunwa, okomfanekiso, imaski namaswazi.
IPijijiapan ibuye ibe nomcebo omkhulu wokudla, okubandakanya imhluzi, ama-prawn, i-catfish, ama-shrimp, ama-sea bass, njll., Ngaphezu kwezitsha zesifunda, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, izinkwa nezithako zokudla okuyingxenye yokudla kwansuku zonke kwabantu bendawo, isibonelo ingulube ebhakwe, inyama yenkomo, ubhontshisi we-escumite onenyama enosawoti, umhluzi wenkukhu yenkukhu, umhluzi we-pigua, izinhlobo eziningi zama-tamales: i-rajas, iguana, ubhontshisi nge-yerba santa ne-chipilín enezimfanzi; kukhona iziphuzo ezifana ne-pozol ne-tepache; izinkwa ezibonakala kakhulu ama-marqueotes; Ubhanana ulungiswa ngezindlela eziningi: kuphekiwe, okuthosiwe, okugazingiwe kumhluzi, kwelashwa futhi kufakwe ushizi.
Okunye okubalulekile ushizi okulungiselelwe lapha futhi obonakala yonke indawo, njengama-fresh, añejo ne-cotija. Kubathandi bokudoba, kuqhutshwa imiqhudelwano eminingana ngoJuni; izinhlobo okufanele zikwazi ukuthola kukhona ukusnuza nokuthwebula; Abadobi abavela kuzo zonke izifundazwe baya kulo mncintiswano.
Kukho konke lokhu okungenhla, lesi sifunda esisogwini esifundazweni saseChiapas siyathandeka noma ngabe sibonaphi. Inengqalasizinda yamahhotela enesizotha ezimweni eziningi, kepha ihlanzekile. Endlini yesiko kuyohlale kunabantu abazimisele ukukusiza ohambweni lwakho.
UMA UYA EPIJIJIAPAN
Kusuka kuTuxtla Gutiérrez thatha umgwaqo omkhulu wesifundazwe no. 190 efinyelela e-Arriaga, kuqhubeka nomgwaqo omkhulu no. 200 kuya eTonalá futhi ukusuka lapho kuya ePijijiapan. Ukusuka lapha kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokungena ePu Blanco, Estero Santiago, Chocohuital nase-Agua Tendida.
