Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, iSan Blas yamukelwa njengesiteshi semikhumbi esibaluleke kunazo zonke eNew Spain ogwini lwasePacific.
ISan Blas, esifundazweni saseNayarit, iyindawo efudumele lapho ubuhle bezimila ezifudumele zase tropical nokuzola kwamabhishi alo amahle kuhambisana nomlando ohlanganisa ukuhlaselwa kwabaphangi, uhambo lwamakoloni kanye nezimpi ezikhazimulayo ze Ukuzimela kweMexico.
Safika lapho izinsimbi zesonto zikhala kude, zimemezela imisa. Ukuhlwa kwaqala lapho sihamba emigwaqeni ebabazekayo enamadolobha, sibabaza ubuhle bezindlu, ngenkathi iLanga ligeza, ngokukhanya okuthambile kwegolide, izimila ezimibalabala ezingavamile, ne-bougainvillea nama-tulips ezinhlobonhlobo. Sasijabule kakhulu isimo sezulu esishisayo sama-bohemian esasibusa ethekwini, sigcwele imibala nabantu abanobungane.
Kuhlekisiwe, sabona iqembu lezingane ngenkathi zidlala ibhola. Ngemuva kwesikhashana basondela kithi baqala "ukusigwaza" ngemibuzo ecishe ifane: "Ngobani amagama abo? Bavelaphi? Bazoba lapha kuze kube nini?" Babekhuluma ngokukhulu ukushesha futhi benezisho eziningi kangangokuba kwesinye isikhathi kwakunzima ukuzwana. Sivalelisa kubo; Kancane kancane imisindo yedolobha yathuliswa, futhi ngalobo busuku bokuqala, njengabanye esabachitha eSan Blas, kwaba nokuthula okumangalisayo.
Ngakusasa ekuseni saya kuthimba lezokuvakasha, futhi lapho samukelwa uDona Manolita, owasitshela ngomusa ngomlando omangazayo futhi omncane owaziwayo wale ndawo. Ngokuziqhenya wababaza: "Usendaweni yamatheku amadala kunawo wonke esifundazweni saseNayarit!"
AMAKHULU EMINYAKA YOMLANDO
Ukukhulunywa okokuqala ngogu lwasePacific, lapho ichweba laseSan Blas likhona, lisukela ngekhulu le-16, ngesikhathi sekoloni laseSpain, futhi kungenxa yomqashi wamakholoni uNuño Beltrán de Guzmán. Imilando yakhe ibhekisa kuleyo ndawo njengendawo ebabazekayo engcebweni yamasiko kanye nenala engavamile yemithombo yemvelo.
Kusukela ekubuseni kukaCarlos III nasesifisweni sayo sokuhlanganisa amakoloni eCalifornias, iSpain ikubone kubalulekile ukuthi kusungulwe izikhala zokubhala njalo ukuze kuhlolwe la mazwe, yingakho kukhethwe iSan Blas.
Isiza sikhombise ukubaluleka kwaso ngenxa yokuba itheku elivikelwe izintaba-indawo enhle yamasu, elungele izinhlelo zokunweba zaleli koloni-, futhi ngoba esifundeni kwakukhona amahlathi afanele asezinkuni asezindaweni ezishisayo, womabili ngekhwalithi nobuningi bawo, ukwenziwa kwezikebhe. Ngale ndlela, ukwakhiwa kwetheku nendawo yokwakha imikhumbi kwaqala engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-17; ngo-Okthoba 1767 imikhumbi yokuqala yethulwa olwandle.
Izakhiwo ezinkulu zenziwa eCerro de Basilio; lapho usengabona izinsalela zeContaduría Fort neVergen del Rosario Temple. Itheku lavulwa ngoFebhuwari 22, 1768 futhi, ngalokhu, umfutho obalulekile wanikezwa inhlangano yetheku, ngokuya ngenani lalo elivele selishiwo kanye nasekuthekelweni kwegolide kwamanye amazwe, izinkuni ezinhle nosawoti othandwayo. Umsebenzi wokuhweba ethekwini wawubaluleke kakhulu; Amasiko asungulwa ukulawula ukugeleza kokuthengiswayo okuvela ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba; ama-naos adumile aseChina nawo afika.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhambela kokuqala kokuvangela inhlonhlo yaseBaja California kwahamba, ngaphansi kokuholwa nguFather Kino noFray Junípero Serra, ababuyela eSan Blas eminyakeni emine kamuva, ngo-1772. Ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuba leli dolobha lamukelwa ngokusemthethweni njenge esiteshini semikhumbi ebaluleke kunazo zonke kanye nendawo yemikhumbi ye-viceregal yaseNew Spain ogwini lwasePacific.
Phakathi kuka-1811 no-1812, lapho ukuhweba kweMexico nePhilippines namanye amazwe aseMpumalanga kungavunyelwe echwebeni lase-Acapulco, kwenzeka imakethe enkulu emnyama eSan Blas, lapho uViceroy Félix María Calleja ayalela ukuba ivalwe, yize umsebenzi wayo wezentengiselwano uqhubeka eminye iminyaka engama-50.
Ngenkathi iMexico ilwela inkululeko yayo, itheku labona ukuzivikela kwamaqhawe okwakwenziwa ngokumelene nomthetho waseSpain ngumpristi wamavukelambuso uJosé María Mercado, okwathi ngesibindi esikhulu, isibindi esiqinile nedlanzana lamadoda anamagquma futhi ahlome kabi, wathatha inqaba abahlubuki, ngaphandle kwesibhamu esisodwa, baphinde benza abantu baseCreole nebutho laseSpain bazinikela.
Ngo-1873, itheku laseSan Blas laphinde lakhanselwa futhi lavalwa ukuze lihanjiswe kwezohwebo yilowo owayengumongameli ngaleso sikhathi uLerdo de Tejada, kodwa laqhubeka lisebenza njengesikhungo sezivakashi nezokudoba kuze kube namuhla.
UMSEBENZI WOFAKAZI BOKUDLULA OKUDANISAYO
Ekupheleni kukaDoña Manolita ukulandisa kwakhe, saphuthuma sayobona izigcawu zemicimbi ebaluleke kangaka.
Ngemuva kwethu kwakukhona idolobha lamanje, ngenkathi sihamba ngendlela endala eyayizosiholela emanxiweni eSan Blas yakudala.
Izindaba zezimali zazisingathwa e-Accounting Fort, yize yayisetshenziswa futhi njengendawo yokugcina impahla yokuthengisa evela emikhumbi yezohwebo. Yakhiwa ngo-1760 futhi kwathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha ukwakha izindonga zamatshe ezimnyama ezinsundu, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla kanye negumbi elalakhelwe ukugcina izinhlamvu, izibhamu kanye nomshini wokudubula (owaziwa ngokuthi umagazini i-powder).
Ngenkathi sihamba phakathi kokwakhiwa okwakhiwe njengo- "L" sacabanga ukuthi: "uma lezi zindonga zikhuluma, bezizositshela malini". Amafasitela amakhulu angunxande anemengamo eyehlisiwe ayabonakala, kanye nama-esplanades nebala eliphakathi nendawo, lapho kusabekwa khona ezinye izinganono ezisetshenziselwa ukuvikela isiza esibaluleke kangako. Kolunye lwezindonga zenqaba kukhona uqwembe olubhekise kuJosé María Mercado, umvikeli walo omkhulu.
Ngangihleli odongeni oluncane olumhlophe, futhi ngincike komunye wemigodi, ezinyaweni zami kwakukhona umhosha omkhulu ongaba ngamamitha angama-40 ukujula; i-panorama yayingavamile. Ukusuka kuleyo ndawo, ngakwazi ukubona indawo ethekwini kanye notshani obushisayo njengesimo esihle soLwandlekazi iPacific oluhle kakhulu futhi oluhlala luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Indawo engasogwini yasinikeza umbono omuhle ngezihlahla ezinkulu nemithi eminyene yesundu. Lapho ubheka ezweni, uhlaza lohlaza lwalulahleka kuze kufike lapho iso lalingafinyelela khona.
Ithempeli elidala laseVirgen del Rosario lisendaweni engamamitha ambalwa ukusuka enqabeni; Yakhiwa phakathi kuka-1769 no-1788. I-façade nezindonga, nazo ezenziwe ngamatshe, zisekelwa amakholomu aminyene. IVirgin eyake yakhonza lapho yabizwa nge- "La Marinera", ngoba yayingumphathi walabo abeza kuye bezocela isibusiso sayo emhlabeni futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, olwandle. La madoda anzima asiza izithunywa zevangeli ngesikhathi kwakhiwa leli thempeli lamakoloni.
Ezindongeni zesonto ungabona izindondo zamatshe ezimbili zisebenza e-bas-relief, okukhona kuzo ama-sphinxes amakhosi aseSpain, uCarlos III noJosefa Amalia de Sajonia. Engxenyeni engenhla, imengamo eyisithupha isekela i-vault, kanti abanye bahlabelela ikhwaya.
Nazi izinsimbi zethusi okukhulunywe ngazo yimbongi yothando yaseMelika uHenry W. Longfellow, enkondlweni yakhe ethi “Izinsimbi ZaseSan Blas”: “Kimi obelokhu engumboni wamaphupho; kimi ukuthi ngididanise okungekhona okwenzekayo nalokhu okukhona, izinsimbi zeSan Blas azigcini ngegama, ngoba zinokukhala okungajwayelekile futhi okungasendle ”.
Endleleni ebuyela edolobheni siya ohlangothini olulodwa lwesikwele esikhulu lapho kukhona khona amanxiwa ezindawo zasendulo zeMaritime Customs kanye ne-Harbour Master endala, kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka.
IPARADESI LOKUQHUBEKA
ISan Blas isiphoqe ukuthi sihlale izinsuku eziningi kunokuhlelelwa, ngoba ngaphezu komlando wayo, izungezwe izizibuko, amachibi, amatheku kanye nemihlume, obekufanele ukuvakashelwa, ikakhulukazi lapho kubhekwa inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezinyoni, ezihuquzelayo nezinye izinto ezihlala kuleli pharadesi elishisayo.
Kulabo abathanda ukwazi izindawo ezinokuthula futhi bajabulele izindawo ezinhle kakhulu, okufanele kushiwo ibhishi laseLa Manzanilla, lapho sathola khona ithuba lokubonga umbono omuhle we-panoramic wamabhishi ahlukahlukene etheku.
Esokuqala esasivakashela kwakungu-El Borrego, amakhilomitha ama-2 ukusuka enkabeni yeSan Blas. Indawo yayikulungele ukuzivocavoca ngokuzindla. Kwakunezindlu ezimbalwa kuphela zabadobi ogwini.
Sijabulela iMatanchén Bay, indawo enhle kakhulu engama-7 km ubude ngamamitha angama-30 ububanzi; sibhukuda emanzini aso azolile futhi, silele esihlabathini esithambile, sijabulela ilanga elikhazimulayo. Ukuze siqede ukoma kwethu, sijabulela amanzi ahlanzekile enziwe ngamakhukhunathi esikhethelwe wona ngokukhethekile.
Ikhilomitha elilodwa kuqhubeke kuseLas Islitas beach, eyakhiwe ngamatheku amancane amathathu ahlukaniswe idwala, elenza iziqhingi ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi iSan Francisco, iSan José, iTres Mogotes, iGuadalupe neSan Juan; kwakuyisiphephelo sabaphangi abanesibindi nabashushisi. ELas Islitas sithola amakhona angenamkhawulo nezindawo zokungena lapho izitshalo nezilwane zikhonjiswa esimweni esihle kakhulu semvelo.
Siphinde sivakashele ezinye izindawo zasolwandle eziseduze kakhulu neSan Blas, njengeChacala, iMiramar neLa del Rey; kwabokugcina, akwaziwa ukuthi lelo gama libhekisa enkosini yaseSpain uCarlos III noma kuGreat Nayar, iqhawe lamaCora, inkosi yaleso sifunda ngaphambi kokufika kweSpanish; Noma ngabe kunjani, lolu lwandle luhle futhi, ngokumangazayo, akuvamile ukuba khona.
Ngobusuku bokugcina siye kwenye yezindawo zokudlela eziningi ezingaphambi kolwandle, ukuyozijabulisa ngesiphuzo esiphundu nesidumile setheku, futhi phakathi kwezidlo ezingenakubalwa ezilungiswe kahle ezilungiselelwe ngemikhiqizo yasolwandle, sinqume nge-tatemada smoothie, esiyinakile ngentokozo enkulu.
Kuyafaneleka ukuhamba uzolile kuleli dolobha laseNayarit elisidlulisela esikhathini esidlule futhi lisivumele, ngasikhathi sinye, ukuzwa umoya ofudumele wesifundazwe, kanye nokujabulela amabhishi amahle kakhulu esihlabathi esithambile namaza azolile.
UMA UYA ESAN BlAS
Uma usenhlokodolobha yezwe laseNayarit, iTepic, futhi ufuna ukufika ethekwini laseMatanchén, thatha umgwaqo omkhulu wesifundazwe noma umgwaqo omkhulu ongunombolo. 15, enyakatho, ngaseMazatlán. Lapho usufike eCrucero de San Blas, qhubeka uye entshonalanga ngomgwaqo omkhulu wesifundazwe no. 74 okuzokuthatha, ngemuva kokuhamba amakhilomitha angama-35, uye ngqo ethekwini laseSan Blas ogwini lwaseNayarit.
