Emikhawulweni yaseSonora naseChihuahua, lapho indawo yezintaba ingavezi khona umkhondo wamadoda, amaPima aphansi, inzalo yeqembu labomdabu ngaphambili elalihlala endaweni enkulu engajwayelekile, ahlala emiphakathini emincane, kusukela eningizimu yeSonora kuye emfuleni iGila. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokunqoba nokwenziwa amakoloni, bahlukaniswa nabafowabo, abathola isiphephelo ehlane.
Ukuhlukaniswa okuhlala kule miphakathi kukhulu kakhulu; Kodwa-ke, ngo-1991 uBaba uDavid José Beaumont weza wazohlala nabo, futhi ngemuva kokubazi nokubazi indlela yabo yokuphila, wakwazi ukuzethemba.
Ubaba uDavid wazinza eYécora, eSonora, futhi esuka lapho wavakashela amadolobha iLos Pilares, i-El Kipor, iLos Encinos neLa Dura indlu nendlu. Abantu babelana naye ngamasiko abo, umlando wabo, isikhathi sabo, ukudla kwabo; futhi kwaba ngale ndlela lapho akwazi khona ukubona ukuthi ingxenye yamasiko akhe nezinkolelo zakhe kwakulahlekile.
Ngaleso sikhathi waya ukuvakashela amaYaquis namaMayos aseSonora kanye namaPimas eChihuahua ukuyofunda ngamasiko abo futhi ngaleyo ndlela bakwazi ukusiza amaPimas aseMaycoba naseYécora ukuhlenga awabo. AbakwaPima uqobo lwabo batshela ubaba ukuthi banemidanso, izingoma, imikhosi, imicikilisho, okuyinto abangasayikhumbuli. Ngakho-ke wasungula iqembu labomdabu bomdabu elizothungatha bonke labo abagcina imicimbi yakudala enkumbulweni yabo, futhi balandela izinganekwane ezazizokhombisa indlela yokuqala phansi futhi zitakule isiko labo eselivele likhohliwe.
Kusuka ezibalweni ezimelwe emihumeni ezikhona endaweni ezungezile, lapho izinyamazane zivela khona kaningi, abadala abafanayo bahlobanisa lezi zithombe nomdanso abathi wawenziwa phakathi kokhokho babo. Manje, abesifazane basePima baletha iVenado Dance esikhungweni sabo semikhosi yomdabu njengento ekhetheke kakhulu.
IBANDLA LASAN SAN FRANCISCO DE BORJA DE MAYCOBA
Isonto lasendulo laseMaycoba lasungulwa negama leSan Francisco de Borja ngo-1676. Izithunywa zevangeli zalo zokuqala kwakungamaJesuit. Bona, ngaphezu komsebenzi wabo wobuvangeli esifundeni, baletha imfuyo nezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, futhi bafundisa amasu ezolimo kubantu bamaPima.
Cishe ngonyaka we-1690 kwaba nokuhlubuka kweTarahumara kokulwa nabaseSpain; Bashise amasonto aseMaycoba nawaseYécora bawaqeda emasontweni amabili nje vo. Akwaziwa noma zakhiwa kabusha noma zashiywa zingamanxiwa, kwazise izindonga ze-adobe zaziwugqinsi kangangokuba azizange zibhujiswe ngokuphelele. Ingxenye eyonakaliswe kakhulu yaqhubeka isetshenziswa obaba abangamaJesuit kwaze kwaba ngo-1767, lapho bexoshwa eNew Spain futhi imishini yePima yadluliselwa ezandleni zamaFranciscans.
UKWAKHIWA KABUSHA KWEBANDLA ELISHA
Njengoba uBaba uDavid efika eMaycoba, into abakwaPima abambuza yona kakhulu ngukwakha kabusha isonto. Ukwenza lo msebenzi, bekufanele ahambe izikhathi eziningi eyofuna usizo lwezezimali kuFederal Electricity Commission, INI, INAH, Popular Cultures kanye neziphathimandla zeSonto LamaKatolika, kanye nokuthola imvume yokwakha kanye nabadwebi bezakhiwo ukuthi bazoyibona.
Isonto elidala lakhiwa ngezandla zamaPima ngo-1676; ama-adobes enziwa ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke, ubaba uDavid ukwazile ukwakhiwa kabusha ama-pima wamanje. Cishe ama-adobes ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu afana nalawo adlule enziwe ngenqubo efanayo yangaphambilini, ukwakha ingxenye yokuqala yendlu engcwele. Ifomu lokuqala lesisekelo lathathwa futhi lapho kulandelwa ukwakhiwa kabusha: usayizi olinganayo nobukhulu bezindonga ezingamamitha amabili ububanzi, nokuphakama kwamamitha amathathu nohhafu. Imizamo yala ma-pima njengamatshe yayishubile, ikakhulukazi ngoba babefuna isonto labo libuyele kulelikhulu leminyaka, lapho iningi lamasiko abo lalisengcupheni yokuqothulwa.
IPHASIMU ENDALA LIYASIBEKELA
Kunemihume ebalelwa ku-40 kuso sonke isifunda phakathi kweYécora neMaycoba, lapho amaPima ayehlala khona ezikhathini ezedlule; lapho benza imithandazo yabo namasiko abo. Kusenemindeni ehlala kubo. Kutholakale izinsalela zamathambo, izimbiza, imethates, ama-guaris (amacansi), nezinye izinto zasekhaya; nemingcwabo emidala kakhulu, njengaleyo eLos Pilares, lapho kwakuhlala khona umndeni omkhulu.
Kunemihume emikhulu, kanye neminye emincane, lapho kunganela khona umzimba owodwa kuphela. Zonke zingcwele, ngoba zigcina okwedlule. Sivakashela ezintathu zazo: umhume wasePinta, lapho kunemidwebo khona emhumeni. Kufinyelelwa ngomgwaqo osuka eYécora uye eMaycoba ngamakhilomitha angama-20, ungena ngeLas Víboras ngakwesobunxele (ngomgwaqo owubhuqu), bese udlula emafulethini aseLa Cebadilla, eLos Horcones (imizuzu engama-30, cishe amakhilomitha ayi-8); Lapho sifika epulazini laseLos Lajeros, sashiya imoto sahamba ihora lonke, phakathi kwamagquma, izindiza kanye nokwehla okuyizintaba. Ngakusasa savakashela eminye imihume emibili epulazini laseLas Playits: sihamba ikhilomitha elilodwa sathola izinsalela zepima endala kakhulu futhi ukusuka lapho saya kwelinye ipulazi lapho kuhlala khona uManuel nomkakhe uBertha Campa Revilla, ababesikhonza njengabaqondisi. Sihamba siwela phansi namawa, sithola idamu elincane elenziwe yibo elezinkomo, lapho kubukeka sengathi kubhukuda kahle. Njengoba kunzima ukufika emigedeni futhi kudingeka umhlahlandlela, kuhle ukuveza ukuthi uManuel noBertha banendawo yokudlela eMfuleni iMulatos, amakhilomitha angama-26 ukusuka eYécora ulibangise eMaycoba; bahlala njalo, nokudla kwabo okumnandi: machaca, ama-tortillas kafulawa, ubhontshisi weSonoran, ushizi omusha noshizi ovela esifundeni saseChihuahua, nesiphuzo esijwayelekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-bacanora.
ISIHLAHLA ISIhlahla EMAYCOBA NESIFUNDA SEYÉCORA
Selokhu kwaqala ukugawulwa kwamaphayini kulesi sifunda (sikhuluma eminyakeni eminingi eyedlule), le nkinga iye yaqashelwa emagqumeni nasezimpilweni zabantu besimame nabomdabu, ngoba ihlathi liyimpilo yamaPima. Manje amaphayini aphelile futhi aqhubeka nomuthi oyigugu kakhulu kulesi sifunda okuyi-oki, enobukhulu obukhulu nobuhle obungavamile. Uma ukugawulwa kwemithi kuqhubeka, ama-oki azophela kanye nemithi, futhi sizobona kuphela izintaba zasogwadule nokuqothulwa kwezilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni nezinambuzane. Uma lezi zihlahla zokugcina zibhujiswa, ikusasa labantu basePima lisengozini; bazophoqeleka ukuthi bathuthele emadolobheni amakhulu bayofuna imisebenzi.
IPIMA LEGEND EKUDALWENI KOMHLABA
UNkulunkulu waqale wenza abantu baba namandla kakhulu futhi baba mkhulu, kodwa laba bantu bamshaya indiva uNkulunkulu. UNkulunkulu wabe esebajezisa ngamanzi (uzamcolo) futhi baqedwa. UNkulunkulu wabe esephinda wabenza futhi abantu bangabanaki futhi; uNkulunkulu wabe esethumela iLanga ukuba lize emhlabeni. Inganekwane ithi lapho kushona ilanga abantu bahamba bayocasha emigedeni ukuze bazivikele ekutheni bangashiswa baze bafe. Ngakho-ke ukuba khona kwamathambo emihumeni. Bese abantu baphinda bakwenza, obani abakwaPima bamanje, kepha bathi njengoba umhlaba unjalo, kuzokwenzeka into efanayo: ILanga lizoshona lishise konke.
UMA UYA EYÉCORA
Ukushiya iHermosillo, ngasempumalanga, kuya eCuauhtémoc (Chihuahua), ngomgwaqo omkhulu wesifundazwe no. 16, udlula eLa Colouradaada, eSan José de Pimas, eTecoripa, eTonichi, eSanta Rosa naseYécora (280 km). Ukusuka eYécora kuye eMaycoba kunamakhilomitha angama-51 ngaphezulu emgwaqweni ofanayo; Kuthatha amahora amane ukusuka eHermosillo kuya eYécora kanye nehora eli-1 ukusuka eYécora kuya eMaycoba.
