Ngo-1489, uVasco de Gama wayesethole iNdiya ngombuso wasePortugal. UPapa Alexander VI, engabazi ubukhulu bala mazwe, wanquma ukuwasabalalisa phakathi kwePortugal neSpain ngeBull Intercaetera edumile ...
Ngenxa yalokhu wadweba umugqa ongenangqondo kulowo mhlaba omkhulu ongakaze ubonwe, okwadala izingxabano ezingapheli phakathi kwale mibuso yomibili, ngoba uCharles VIII, iNkosi yaseFrance, wafuna ukuba upapa amnikeze “intando ka-Adam lapho kwasatshalaliswa khona ”.
Eminyakeni emithathu ngemuva kwale micimbi, ukutholakala ngephutha kweMelika kwaguqula izwe laseNtshonalanga yangaleso sikhathi futhi izehlakalo ezingenakubalwa ezibaluleke kakhulu zalandelana ngokulandelana. KuCarlos I waseSpain kwakuphuthuma ukunqoba ukuphatha i-East Indies kusuka ePortugal.
ENew Spain, uHernán Cortés wayevele eseyinkosi futhi ephethe; amandla akhe kanye nengcebo yakhe kwaqhathaniswa, kwaba wukudinwa kombusi waseSpain, nalabo benkosi uqobo. Eqaphela izinkinga ezimelwe ukuhweba nokunqotshwa kweMpumalanga Ekude kusukela eSpain, uCortés wakhokhela imikhumbi ehlomile eZihuatanejo ngemali yakhe waya olwandle ngoMashi 27, 1528.
Lo mkhankaso wafika eNew Guinea, kwathi lapho ulahleka wanquma ukubhekisa amabombo eSpain udabula iCape of Good Hope. UPedro de Alvarado, engagculisekanga ngokubusa kukaCaptaincy waseGuatemala futhi ekhathazeke kakhulu ngenganekwane yengcebo yeziQhingi zaseMoluccas, ngo-1540 wazakhela eyakhe imikhumbi, eyayihamba ngomkhumbi ibheke enyakatho ngasogwini lwaseMexico iye ethekwini likaKhisimusi . Lapho efika kuleli phuzu, uCristóbal de Oñate, owayengumbusi waseNueva Galicia - owayejwayele ukuhlanganisa izifundazwe zamanje zaseJalisco, Colima naseNayarit-, wacela usizo luka-Alvarado empini yaseMixton, ngakho-ke i-bellicose UConquistador wafika nazo zonke izisebenzi zakhe nezikhali. Ngokulangazela kwakhe ukunqoba inkazimulo eyengeziwe, wangena ezintabeni eziphakeme, kodwa lapho efika ezihosheni zaseYahualica, ihhashi lakhe lashibilika, lamhudulela kwalasha. Ngakho-ke wakhokhela ukubulawa ngesihluku okwenziwa eminyakeni eyedlule kubabusi base-Aztec.
Ebekwe esihlalweni sobukhosi uFelipe II, ngo-1557 wayala umphathi wenduna uDon Luis de Velasco, Sr., ukuba ahlome enye imikhumbi imikhumbi yayo eyasuka e-Acapulco yafika ePhilippines ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 1564; ngoMsombuluko, Okthoba 8 walowo nyaka, babezobuyela ethekwini elibabona behamba.
Ngakho-ke, ngamagama eGaleón de Manila, Nao de China, Naves de la seda noma Galleón de Acapulco, ukuhweba nokuthengisa okugxile eManila nasezindaweni ezihlukene nezikude zeMpumalanga Ekude, kwaba yindawo yabo yokuqala Imbobo ye-Acapulco.
Uhulumeni wasePhilippines - othembele kubabusi baseNew Spain-, ngenhloso yokugcina izimpahla ezahlukahlukene nezibalulekile ezizothuthwa, wakha indawo enkulu yokugcina ethekwini laseManila eyathola igama elithi iParian, iParian edumile yase Sangleyes. Lokho kwakhiwa, okungafaniswa nesikhungo sesimanjemanje sokuphakela, kugcinwe yonke imikhiqizo yase-Asia eyenzelwe ukuhweba neNew Spain; Impahla evela ePersia, eNdiya, e-Indochina, eChina naseJapan yayigxile lapho, abashayeli bayo okwakumele bahlale kuleyo ndawo kuze kuthunyelwe imikhiqizo yabo.
Kancane kancane, igama likaParian lanikezwa eMexico ezimakethe ezazenzelwe ukuthengisa imikhiqizo ejwayelekile yesifunda lapho zazikhona. Elidume kakhulu yilelo elalisenkabeni yeMexico City, elanyamalala emuva ngawo-1940, kepha elasePuebla, eGuadalajara naseTlaquepaque, phakathi kwamazwe aziwa kakhulu, lisaqhubeka nempumelelo enkulu kwezentengiselwano.
EParian de los Sangleyes kwakukhona ukuzilibazisa okuyintandokazi: ukulwa iqhude, okuzothatha incwadi ezokwethulwa ezweni lethu maduze; Bambalwa abalandeli balolu hlobo lomcimbi abaziyo ngemvelaphi yabo yase-Asia.
Umkhumbi owawusuka eManila ngo-Agasti 1621 ulibangise e-Acapulco, kanye nempahla yawo yendabuko, waletha iqembu labantu baseMpumalanga ababezosebenza njengezinceku ezigodlweni zaseMexico. Kwakunentombazane yamaHindu eyayizifihle njengomfana abangane bayo ababebizwa ngebhadi ababizwa ngoMirra, futhi owabhapathizwa ngaphambi kokuba ahambe negama likaCatharina de San Juan.
Leyo ntombi, eyabaningi kubabhali bayo eyayiyilungu lomndeni wasebukhosini eNdiya futhi ezimweni ezingazange icacise ngokuthunjwa futhi ithengiswe njengesigqila, yayiyindawo yokugcina yalolo hambo edolobheni lasePuebla, lapho umthengisi ocebile uDon Miguel Sosa amamukela khona. Wayengenazo izingane. Kulelo dolobha wayejabulela udumo ngempilo yakhe eyisibonelo, kanye nezingubo zakhe ezixakile ezifekethwe ngobuhlalu nama-sequin, okwakhuphula ingubo yabesifazane iMexico ekhonjwa ngayo cishe emhlabeni wonke, imvunulo yaseChina uPoblana, Yile ndlela umphathi wayo wokuqala abizwa ngayo empilweni, izinsalela zakhe ezifayo zingcwatshwa esontweni leNhlangano KaJesu enhlokodolobha yase-Angelopolitan. Mayelana neduku esaziwa ngalo njenge-bandana, nalo linomsuka wasempumalanga futhi lafika neNao de China yaseKalicot, eNdiya. ENew Spain kwabizwa ngokuthi yi-palicot futhi isikhathi sayandisa njenge-bandana.
Izindwangu zamasosha ezidumile zaseManila, izingubo ezigqokwe abasebukhosini, zaguqulwa kusuka ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa kuze kube namuhla ziba imvunulo enhle yaseTehuana, enye yezingubo zesifazane ezibabazekayo ezweni lethu.
Ekugcineni, ubucwebe busebenza ngenqubo yefiligree lapho iMexico yazuza khona udumo olukhulu, yathuthukiswa ngokususelwa kwimfundiso yezingcweti ezithile zaseMpumalanga ezafika kulolo hambo lwaseGalleon oludumile.
