Owesifazane omangalisayo futhi ohlakaniphile owafika eMexico ngo-1939 futhi wathatheka ngabantu kanye nezinkulumo ezahlukahlukene zamasiko ezwe, eba ngomunye wabaqoqi ababamele kakhulu ubuciko obudumile baseMexico.
Ubani ongakaze abe nomuzwa wokuhlangana kabusha neMehemia ebusayo nongqondongqondo lapho ehamba emakamelweni eCasa Azul eCooacán? Kuyinto engenakuphikiswa, lapho uhamba phakathi nezingadi, ukucabanga ukuthi uFrida noDiego bakhuluma noTrotsky, benambitha kusengaphambili izibiliboco zaseMexico ezazilungiswa lapho, bese befika ekudleni kwasekuseni (ukudla komoya) okwake kuhlale kuze kube sebusuku kakhulu.
Ngokusebenzisa izinto zabo zomuntu siqu - okukhombisa kakhulu ukunambitheka kobuciko baseMexico bangaphambi kweSpanishi futhi obudumile- umuntu angavuselela impilo yansuku zonke neyengqondo yalaba baculi abathi, nabanye abalingiswa besikhathi sabo, bahlenge, ngaphandle kokuhlose, izinto zezinto ezihlukile nezikhathi, izinto zokuzilibazisa kanye nokuqiniseka okwabenza hhayi abaqoqi abababazekayo kuphela, kodwa futhi namaphayona ekuvuseleleni ubuciko obudumile baseMexico.
Umzuzwana osudlulile awunakulinganiswa, kepha ngokuhlenga izikhala nezinto izinto ezikwazi ukuhlangana nakho kungahlangana futhi kudale ukuzwa "kwesikhathi esimisiwe". Abanye abantu bazinikele kulo msebenzi, bathatha emhlabeni wanamuhla isikhathi esesicishe saphela, abahlala ngokuvuselelwa njalo. Lesi yisimo sowesifazane omuhle futhi ohlakaniphile owafika eMexico ngo-1939 futhi, ehehwa ngabantu, imihlaba, izitshalo, izilwane kanye nezinkulumo ezehlukene zamasiko, wanquma ukuhlala ezweni lethu. URuth Lechuga wazalelwa edolobheni laseVienna. Lapho eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala, wazibonela ngawakhe ukwesaba nosizi lokudliwa amaJalimane e-Austria, futhi ngaphambi kokuba kuqale impi wafuduka nomndeni wakhe, wafika eMexico ngoLaredo.
Ngokunambitha, ukuzwa nokubona, uhlangabezana nezwe elisha elalivuleke phambi kwakhe: “ngenkathi ngimi phambi kwesakhiwo sodonga sase-Orozco eBellas Artes, nalabo baphuzi bedansa phambi kwamehlo ami, ngaqonda ukuthi iMexico ingenye into ebingenakulinganiswa namazinga ase-Europe ”, uzokuqinisekisa eminyakeni eyalandela. Esinye sezifiso zakhe zokuzikhandla okukhulu ukubona ogwini lwaseMexico, ngoba indawo eshisayo yayikubone kuphela ezithombeni. Leyo ntokazi yahlabeka umxhwele lapho ibuka phambi kwamehlo ayo umbukwane wesundu: izitshalo ezinhle zamthulisa imizuzu embalwa, zivusa ngaphakathi kuye isinqumo esiqinile sokungabuyeli ezweni lakubo. URuth uphawula ukuthi ngenkathi evuselela izifundo zakhe (ngenhloso yokungena e-UNAM) inguquko yangemuva yayizwakala emoyeni: ukwaneliseka kwabantu ngenkululeko nangokungapheli kwemisebenzi eyenzelwe abantu. Kulesi simo sethemba elijwayelekile, wabhalisela izifundo zeMedicine, ezaqeda eminyakeni edlule njengoDokotela, Udokotela Ohlinzayo Nombelethisi.
Ubaba kaRuth, umthandi wezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuvubukula, wayephuma njalo ngezimpelasonto aye ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene enkampanini yendodakazi yakhe; Ngemuva kokuvakashelwa kaningi ezindaweni ezibalulekile, waqala ukubuka abantu ababehlala esifundeni, eba nentshisekelo kumasiko abo, ulimi lwabo, ukucabanga kwemilingo nenkolo, phakathi kokunye. Ngakho-ke, ocwaningweni lwe-ethnographic uthola indlela eyanelisa isidingo sakhe sokuphila, amava akhe azosindisa amaqembu amahle kakhulu ezinhlanga.
Ngesikhathi ehamba, wathola izinhlobo zezinto ezahlukahlukene ngenjabulo yokuba nemininingwane yendawo ayeyivakashela. URuth ukhumbula ucezu lokuqala: idada elenziwe nge-ceramic eshile elithengiwe e-Ocotlán, aqala ngalo ukuqoqa. Ngokunjalo, ngenjabulo enkulu, ukhuluma ngamabhuluzi akhe amabili okuqala awathenga eCuetzalan “[…] ngenkathi ingekho imigwaqo futhi kwenziwa, eZacapoaxtla, njengamahora amahlanu egibele ihhashi”. Ngokuzibandakanya kwakhe, waqala ukufunda nokufunda konke okuphathelene namasiko endabuko: waphenya amasu nokusetshenziswa kwengcezu ngayinye (i-ceramic, ukhuni, ithusi, izindwangu, ama-lacquers noma enye into), kanye nezinkolelo ze izingcweti, ezavumela uRuth ukuthi ahlele kahle iqoqo lakhe.
Ukuvelela kukaDkt. Lechuga njengongoti kukho konke okuphathelene namasiko adumile kweqa ubukhulu bezwe ngawo-1970, ngakho-ke izikhungo ezisemthethweni njengeNational Cooperative Development Bank, iSikhwama Sikazwelonke Sokukhuthaza Imisebenzi Yezandla kanye iNational Indigenous Institute ihlale icela izeluleko zakhe. I-National Museum of Popular Arts and Industries, ngokwesibonelo, ibinokusebenzisana okubalulekile iminyaka engu-17.
Njengesidingo esisuselwa ku-ethnography, uRuth wakhulisa ukuzwela kwakhe njengomthwebuli zithombe, wakwazi ukuqoqa cishe ama-20,000 amabi kulabhulali yakhe yezithombe kuze kube manje. Lezi zithombe, iningi lazo elimnyama nelimhlophe, ngokwazo zingumcebo wolwazi oziholele ekutheni zibe sezingeni elifanele kwi-Society of Aitors of Photographic Work (SAOF). Akulona ihaba ukufakazela ukuthi iningi lemisebenzi eshicilelwe kubuciko obudumile baseMexico inezithombe zokubhalwa kwakhe.
Umsebenzi wakhe we-bibliographic wenziwe ngezihloko ezingenakubalwa ezishicilelwe eMexico nase-United States nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Ngokuqondene nezincwadi zakhe, ezisatshalaliswa kabanzi, I-Costume Yabantu Bomdabu BaseMexico isibe ngumsebenzi wokubonisana oyisibopho. Indlu yomnyuziyamu wayo isimema ukuthi sihlanganyele indawo ngayinye egcwele kahle nefenisha, ama-lacquers, imaski, onodoli, imidwebo, izinto zobumba kanye nenqwaba yezingcezu zobuciko obudumile baseMexico, phakathi kwazo okufanele sikhulume ngezindwangu ezingaphezu kuka-2 000. , amamaki wokudansa angaba ngu-1 500 nezinto ezingenakubalwa zezinto ezahlukahlukene kakhulu.
Isampula lothando lwakhe lwento yonke yaseMexico yisikhala endlini yakhe esizinikezele emifanekisweni ehlukahlukene kakhulu yokufa: ama-polychrome amasethi ezingebhezi zobumba ezivela eMetepec ancintisana namanani amakhadibhodi amomothekayo abonakala ehlekisa ngokungathi sína ama-rumberos skeletons noma ama-bus ahambisanayo. Ukwahlukaniswa kweqoqo elikhulu kangaka futhi elibalulekile kumelele umzamo we-titanic obonakala sengathi awunakuphela, ngoba njalo lapho uRuth ephuma eya ukuvakashela abangane bakhe bezobuciko, ubuya nezicucu ezintsha lapho kungeke kucaciswe kuphela ikhadi elihambisanayo, kepha futhi ubatholele nendawo yokubabonisa.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi uDkt Lechuga athola ubuzwe baseMexico, futhi ngenxa yalokho uyacabanga futhi uyaphila. Ngenxa yokupha kwakhe, ingxenye enkulu yamaqoqo akhe ikhonjisiwe emazweni ahlukahlukene kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ayimithombo yolwazi etholakala kunoma yimuphi umcwaningi ofisa ukubonisana nabo. URuth Lechuga, othandekayo nothandwa yilabo abamaziyo, kubandakanya nemiphakathi yabomdabu ahlala nobudlelwano obusondelene nabo, namuhla iphuzu lobumbano phakathi kweMexico yanamuhla neliphethe ngokusobala izwe lomlingo, eliyinsumansumane nelenkolo elakhekayo obunye ubuso beMexico.
