Wazalelwa ePátzcuaro ngo-1908, iminyaka engama-92 edonsa, umdwebi, umqophi kanye nomqophi, u-Alfredo Zalce ungomunye wababekeli bokugcina beSikole Sokudweba SaseMexico.
Wazalelwa ePátzcuaro ngo-1908, iminyaka engama-92 edonsa, umdwebi, umqophi kanye nomqophi, u-Alfredo Zalce ungomunye wababekeli bokugcina beSikole Sokudweba SaseMexico.
Uqale umsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngumfundi e-Academia de San Carlos eMexico, kwathi eneminyaka engamashumi amabili wathola ukuqashelwa kwakhe kokuqala eSeville. Umsebenzi kaZalce ucebile ezithombeni zemicimbi yansuku zonke, ukungaziphathi kahle kanye nemizabalazo yentando yeningi yabantu baseMexico. U-Luis Cardoza y Aragón uyichaza kanjena: "Uma ucabanga ngomsebenzi ohamba phambili ka-Zalce, sithola ukuphelela kwawo, ukucwengwa kwawo kanye nokungahambelani kwawo", ukungahambelani okuxhumene nokuzibophezela komphakathi ngokusemthethweni.
Njengomhloli wecala yedwa, onelukuluku lokwazi usosayensi, uZalce usondela ekudwebeni ngezinkumbulo zobusha bakhe bokuqala, azichitha edolobheni laseTacubaya, emaphethelweni edolobha ngawo-1920.
“Abazali bami babengabathwebuli zithombe. Kusukela ngiseyingane ngangisebenza ekuthwebuleni izithombe. Ubaba washona esemncane kakhulu, kwathi sengineminyaka eyishumi nane ngaba inhloko yomndeni. Umfowethu wayefundela ubudokotela futhi wayengafuni ukuthi ngifundele ukudweba ngoba abadwebi babulawa yindlala. Ngakho kwadingeka ngisebenze njengomthwebuli wezithombe. Lapho ngiqeda isikole samabanga aphakeme, ngenza isivumelwano nomama ngamtshela ukuthi: "Thatha izithombe futhi ngizofunda esikoleni." Kwakufanele ngihambe ngezinyawo ngisuka endlini yami ngiye esikoleni, amahlandla amane ngosuku. Ihora lokuhamba. Ngazalelwa ePátzcuaro, kodwa ekuqaleni kweRevolution imindeni eminingi yaphephela eMexico City. Ngibe sengihlala eTacubaya, okwakuyidolobha elihle elihlukaniswe nenhlokodolobha, manje yindawo esabekayo yingakho ngingasafuni ukuya eMexico. Konke obekukuhle kakhulu sekonakele ”.
Ngo-1950 uZalce wathuthela indawo yakhe yokusebenzela waya eMorelia, idolobha ahlala kulo kuze kube manje. Njengomakhi omkhulu, wazama ukusebenzisa wonke amasu ekukhiqizeni kwakhe upulasitiki: ukudweba, i-watercolor, i-lithography, ukuqoshwa kwamapuleti, ukhuni, i-linoleum, kanye nomdwebo kawoyela nowefresco.
“UDiego Rivera wayenguthisha wami eSan Carlos unyaka owodwa. Wanikeza izinkulumo ezithile ezingisize kakhulu. Umthelela wakhe waba yisinqumo ekuthuthukiseni umdwebo odwetshiwe eMexico, ngomqondo ojulile wezenhlalo ”.
Yize ecacisa ukuthi umdwebo odongeni bewulokhu ukhona eMexico, kwakungo-1920s, kuhulumeni wase-vlvaro Obregón, lapho uRivera ebuya evela eYurophu ezosho ukuthi "njengoba nje abalimi befuna umhlaba, abadwebi bafuna izindonga zokuhumusha inguquko" .
Isikhathi sesihambile futhi yize uZalce eqhubeka nokupenda, izandla zakhe azikutholi ukuphakama; uyaqhubeka nokudweba kude nokuxokozela nokuhlonishwa yize esekhulile ngeminyaka kanye nezifo ezimhluphayo: "njengoba ungacabanga, amadilowa ami agcwele imithi engizoyinikeza ngokuthengisa igalaji," esho emamatheka .
Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu imaka ngokujulile indoda, umculi. UZalce wayebambe iqhaza elikhulu emzabalazweni wezenhlalo wangaleso sikhathi: wayeyilungu elasungula i-League of Revolutionary Writers and Artists ngo-1933. Kusukela ngo-1937 wayeyingxenye yesizukulwane sokuqala sabadwebi eTall de la Gráfica Popular, eyaphakamisa ukuvuselelwa ngokusemthethweni kwemidwebo yaseMexico nenkululeko yokuphenya. Ngo-1944 waqokwa njengoprofesa wokudweba eNational School of Painting "La Esmeralda", kwathi ngo-1948 iNational Institute of Fine Arts yahlela ukubheka emuva umsebenzi wakhe, obuye wakhonjiswa eminyuziyamu eyinhloko yaseYurophu, e-United. I-United States, iNingizimu Melika kanye neCaribbean, futhi iyingxenye yamaqoqo abalulekile azimele.
Ngo-1995 kwahlelwa umbukiso-wentela eMnyuziyamu Wezobuciko Bamanje WaseMorelia, obizwa ngegama lakhe, kanye naseMnyuziyamu Wabantu baseGuanajuato naseGumbini Likazwelonke Lemyuziyamu Yesigodlo Sezobuciko eMexico City. Ukusuka odongeni kuya ku-batik, kusuka ekubhaleni nasekubhaleni i-lithography kuya ku-oyela, kusuka kubumba lobumba kuya ekubunjweni nasekususeni ku-duco kuya ku-tapestry, phakathi kwamanye amasu, lo mbukiso wawungumdwebo omuhle wobuciko obukhulu nobuningi bokudalwa kwenkosi u-Alfredo Zalce. Sengathi uNkulunkulu angayigcina eminye iminyaka eminingi!
Umthombo: I-Aeroméxico Tips No. 17 Michoacán / Fall 2000
