Ochwepheshe beqiniso bokusebenza ngamatshe, ubumba noma iphepha, amaMeya akwazi ukubamba kulezi zinsizakalo nasezikhumbuzweni zabo ezinhle, ukukhulelwa kwabo okuhle komuntu nendawo yonke. Thola!
I-White Pizote bekufanele iqede maduze indawo yokugcina yethempeli enikezelwe kuKinich Ahau, iNkosi Enkulu yeSolar Face, iLanga God, ebizovulwa yi-Lord Shield Jaguar l yaseYaxchilán. Engqungqutheleni (namuhla ehlonzwe njengo-26) uthe umbusi uvezwe ngesikhathi ethola kumkakhe, uNkk Xoc, wozalo lukaCalakmul, ikhanda le-jaguar, uphawu lombusi kanye nonkulunkulu welanga azibonakalisa ngaye, nesihlangu esingunxande esasimmaka njengeqhawe. Iqembu labaculi abavela endaweni yokusebenzela kaPizote Blanco babeklinye izingqimba zethempeli, zonke ezaziphethe isignesha yomqophi odumile.
Abakhi bezakhiwo, bona, babeplasta izindonga zamatshe ukuze abadwebi baqale umsebenzi wabo; Bebezohlobisa ingaphakathi lethempeli ngombhalo omibalabala wemikhosi yenkolo, bebhekwe izidalwa zaphezulu. Konke kufanele kube sekulungile ngosuku 1 Imix 9 Kankin.
AmaMeya athuthukise ubuciko obubabazekayo nobezithombe, obuhlotshaniswa kakhulu ne izakhiwo zezikhala lapho kwakubanjelwa khona ukukhulekelwa kwezenkolo kanye nemisebenzi yezombusazwe. Lezi zakhiwo zazakhiwe ngamatshe futhi zimbozwe ngongqimba olujiyile lwe-stucco noma ngamatshe apholishiwe.
Ngokuvamile ukwakhiwa kwakuguqulelwe amaphuzu asemakhadinali kanye nokuhamba kwezinkanyezi, futhi amasayithi akhethwe ukwakha amadolobha aveza izici ezakhelwe zona ezazinezimfanelo ezingcwele. Izikhala zomkhosi, obejwayele ukutholakala enkabeni yamadolobha amakhulu, zakhiwa njengama-microcosms abonisa izikhala ezinkulu zomhlaba: izulu, umhlaba nomhlaba ongaphansi.
Ngaphezu izakhiwo kanye ebaziwe, okungavamile yayo izinto zobumba ezidwetshiwe nezinto eziningi eziningi, ezifana nobucwebe be-jade, ubucwebe bethambo negobolondo, umsebenzi wetshe lomthondo nokhuni, nezithombe zobumba, kufaka phakathi imisebenzi yobuciko ephawulekayo.
Okukhethekile kobuciko baseMayan yizinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezitayela, eziphendula ukuzimela kwezepolitiki kwamazwe. Njengoba nje kwakungakaze kube nobumbano lwezepolitiki, kwakungekho buciko obufanayo obusemthethweni, kodwa inkululeko enkulu yokudala, ngisho nakulo leli dolobha. Kodwa-ke, kukhona okwehlukile, kokubili okwakhiwe, okwenziwe ngobuciko nokwenziwa ngamatimu, okusivumela ukuthi sikhulume "ngobuciko baseMayan" nalokho okukuhlukanisa nalokho kwabanye abantu baseMesoamerican.
I- ubuciko bokubumba Iqukethe ikakhulukazi ama-stelae noma amabhlogo amakhulu amatshe ahlukanisiwe, akhuliswa ezigcawini, noma ngamapaneli noma amatshe amathuna ahlanganiswe nokwakhiwa. Endaweni emaphakathi lobu buciko bubonakala ngezindlela zabo ezithambile nezingahambisi, ezigqugquzelwe yimvelo, kanye nokumelela okungokoqobo noma kwesitayela kwesimo somuntu, okuhlale kubalulekile futhi kuzwakalisa. Endaweni esenyakatho, kunalokho, ezindaweni eziningi sithola ubujamo obuhlukahlukene bejometri, obufanekisela izidalwa ezingcwele nezingabantu, izilwane nezitshalo, yize kukhona okuhlukile, okufana nobuso obungejwayelekile nobuyingqayizivele be-zoomorphic of Ek Balam, obunokucacisa nobungqabavu amanani "wezingelosi" enziwe ngendlela eyindilinga, eshintshana ngezimpawu ezihluke kakhulu. AmaMeya nawo enza imifanekiso eminingi yobumba, eminingi yayo eyimidwebo emihle kakhulu yokuqopha, njengaleyo esesiQhingini saseJaina, esisogwini lwaseCampeche.
Ngo- ubuciko bezithombe, okuvezwa ikakhulukazi ezindongeni nasezindongeni, izigcawu ezilandisayo nokuhlobisa okungokomfanekiso, okwenziwa ngamasu ahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwemibala esetshenziswayo, lokho okubizwa nge- "Mayan blue" kuyabonakala, okutholwe nge-indigo (umbala wemvelaphi yezitshalo) exutshwe nobumba, okuyinikeze imibala ehlukile. Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wawufanekisela okungcwele kubo.
Ngokuzimela kwezobuciko beplastiki, indoda yaseMayan iveze umqondo wayo ngobuhle, isithunzi nobukhulu bomuntu, ayithatha njengesiqalo sendawo yonke, umsekeli wonkulunkulu, ngakho-ke ubukhona bendawo yonke. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zamatshe, izingqimba zamatshe kanye namatshe amathuna amadolobha amakhulu akudala, le ndoda yavezwa isesimweni sayo njengombusi, isikhungo naphezulu komphakathi ngesinqumo saphezulu; Simbona ehlotshaniswa nonkulunkulu, ephethe izithombe zabo ngezingubo, ezingalweni noma ezandleni zakhe, njengasesitebeleni saseCopán; Ukhonjiswa esimweni sakhe seqhawe nomnqobi, ephethe izikhali zakhe futhi ehlazisa abanqotshiwe, njengasezithombeni zaseToniná nasemidwebeni yaseBonampak; Uvela endimeni yakhe njengomhlonishwa wonkulunkulu, enza iminikelo futhi afeze imikhuba yokuthwasa eyamenza waba yisangoma, kanye nemikhuba yokunikela ngegazi lakhe nesidoda, njengasemathuneni eqembu laseLas Iziphambano zePalenque nasezingqimbeni zeYaxchilán.
Sibona futhi amadoda ajwayelekile ezicini ezahlukahlukene zempilo yawo yansuku zonke, enza imisebenzi eyahlukene; ngobukhulu bayo nasezinsizini zayo, esimweni sayo sokufa, njengakuma-ceramics nasekubabazekeni izithombe zobumba kusuka eJaina Island. Ubuso bomuntu, imidwebo yamadoda athile, kushintshana nezithombe zezinto ezingcwele kanye nezimpawu eziningi ezisekelweni zamathempeli nakwezinye izakhiwo. Futhi kuzo zonke izithombe zomuntu amaMaya azuze ukucacisa okukhulu nokuguquguquka kwamandla, ubungqabavu obungavamile nobuhle obungenakuqhathaniswa, okuphawuleka kakhulu kubuciko bokubumba bendawo yomfula i-Usumacinta nasePalenque. Ubuso buqoshwe ngobukhazikhazi obulula nobulula, bubonisa ingokomoya, impilo yangaphakathi nokuvumelana nomhlaba; imizimba ithatha ukwakheka kwemvelo nokunyakaza futhi kukhona ukuphatha ngokucophelela kwezandla nezinyawo, nakho okucacisa kakhulu. Ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo kanye naleyo ndawo eyingqayizivele ukumelwa komuntu okunakho kokubili kubuciko bayo bepulasitiki nasemcabangweni wayo wezenkolo ovezwe ezinganekwaneni, singasho ukuthi amaMayan ayengabantu abathanda ubuntu ngokuvelela kwezwe laseMesoamerican.
Isibonelo esivelele somqondo nokumelwa komuntu, kanye nomqondo wobumbano ogcwele yonke imicabango kaMayan, yizinhloko ezihloniphekile ze-stucco ezitholakala ngaphansi kwe-Pacal's sarcophagus ePalenque, mhlawumbe izithombe zombusi unkosikazi, owayehamba nomoya weNkosi enkulu lapho eya ekungafini.
