Sikuthatha usohambweni lwesifunda seSoconusco, eChiapas, ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngezimbali ezicasha ehlathini lalesi sifunda.
ENingizimu-mpumalanga yeMexico, i- Isifunda seSoconusco eChiapas ingenye yezindawo ezisanda kuhlanganiswa ezweni. Eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, ujantshi wafika eTapachula, kodwa kwakungekho ukuxhumana komgwaqo kwaze kwaba ngu-1960. Mhlawumbe lesi yisona sizathu esikhulu esenza iSoconusco isenezici zayo futhi ngenhlanhla kusekhona ezinye Ukwehlukaniswa kwehlathi.
Ngawo-1950, i- ukutshalwa kukotini, nangamabutho angempela ezisebenzi asiphula amakhulu ezinkulungwane zemithi ezindaweni eziphansi, ngaleyo ndlela ehlushwa ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi. Amakhulu amahektha ehlathi anyamalala kusuka osukwini olulodwa kuya kolandelayo. Ingxenye engenhla yeSoconusco isalondoloze uhlaza lwayo oluhlaza sibonga iqiniso lokuthi isivuno esikhulu ikhofi, elidinga umthunzi wezinye izihlahla ekukhiqizeni kwalo; Lokhu kube nomthelela ngokwengxenye ukuze izintaba zingalahleki lowo mbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omnyama, obonwa buqamama, ukhiqiza uhlaza.
Leli hlathi elikhulu, njengamanye aseVeracruz, eTabasco, eGuerrero nasengxenyeni ye-Oaxaca, ahlukile emhlabeni futhi kufanele siwalondoloze nganoma iyiphi inkokhelo. Banezinyanga eziyisithupha ngonyaka Imvula enkulu; kodwa-ke, eminyakeni emibili edlule kube nezinguquko ezithile. Izimvula zokuqala zika-1987, ezaqala eminye iminyaka ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, zakwenza lokho kwaze kwaba yizinsuku zokuqala zikaJuni futhi, ngokuphambene nalokho abantu abaningi ababekulindele, amanzi aphakama cishe ngo-Okthoba 15, ancipha ngawo kancane nje inyanga eyodwa isikhathi semvula.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, uSepthemba 1988 wayenemvula enkulu, njengabambalwa esikhathini esedlule; Iziphepho uChristy noGilberto, okuyi kuchichima ukugeleza kwayo yonke imifula, imifudlana nemisele ye-Soconuscnoma baletha umthamo omkhulu wamanzi esifundeni, kepha noma kunjalo, izimvula zika-88 zithe ukuvalelisa ngaphambi kokuphela kuka-Okthoba.
Ngaphandle kwakho konke, i umswakama uhlala kakhulu endaweni, okuvumela izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zikhule. ISoconusco - engaba ngamakhilomitha angama-60 ububanzi ngamakhilomitha angaphezu kwekhulu ubude - iyindawo eqinile phakathi kolwandle nezintaba lapho ukuphakama okuphezulu kufinyelelwa khona eTacaná ngamamitha angu-4,150 ngaphezu kolwandle. Okuningi kuhlanganiswe enkulu amasimu ekhofi (enye yezinto ezihamba phambili emhlabeni), ngoba ukuphakama kwalesi sifunda - phakathi kuka-1,200 no-400 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle - kuhle esihlahleni. Ngokuqhubeka ezansi olwandle, kukhona ukhokho, umango, isoya, ubhanana, njll. I-Pacific Ocean igeza ugu lweSoconusquense lapho idolobha elikhulu, iTapachula, elaziwa njenge "Iparele leSoconusco".
I-jungle girón lapho ngithathe khona izithombe isendaweni ephakeme cishe engama-400 m, ngasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTapachula. Sikhethe amamaki we Umfula iNexapa; ngokuya ezansi, singena endaweni ebiyelwe yehlathi elishisayo elinomswakama. Izithombe zihambelana nezitshalo nezimbali zasendle umthelela ongazelelwe wokuphila endaweni, olalela imizwa yaso, oyenze ngendlela ezenzakalelayo. Lapho sifuna izinhlobo ezithile ezigqamile ngobuhle noma umbala wazo, siqale sihlangane ne- “palo jiote” (iBursera-simarula yomndeni wase-burserácea), isihlahla esibomvu igxolo laso libonakala ngokuba namafilimu alo ngaso sonke isikhathi ahlukanisiwe sekuzoshaywa ngumoya. Ingabe i- isihlahla esikhulu lokho kuphakamisa iziqu zayo ezibomvu esibhakabhakeni, okunikeza ukuthinta okukhethekile enkabeni yomhlaba.
Lapho emgodini, njengasemgodini omkhulu, i i-bijagua (i-Calathea-discolor) izimbali zazo ezinemibala emihle azinakho ukufisa umfuziselo omuhle otshaliwe. Izitshalo, ezingaba yimitha ukuphakama, ziyahlangana ngamaqabunga azo amakhulu kube sengathi azuza umhlabathi futhi angavumeli abanye abangenayo ukuthi bangene. Sihamba ekukhanyeni okukhulu kwelanga ngokudabula ehlathini, sabona lapho umvini oyisici esinembali emhlophe engajwayelekile. Senza imizamo yokufinyelela kulesi sitshalo esifiselekayo, futhi njengoba singeke sehlise, sizimisela ukusifinyelela ngekhamera yethu. Imbali enkulu eyakhiwe izandiso ezinwetshiwe eziphuma esiqwini bese ziwela phansi. Ezinye izikhunta ngaphansi kwezinsalela zalokho okwakuyisihlahla zidonsela ukunaka kwethu; laphaya, esinye isihlahla esingajwayelekile, esivikelwe ngameva acijile nasesabisayo, siyinselelo yokuthi sisondele. Ikona i-elishcanal (Acacia-hinsü), esizwa ezinye izintuthwane ezihlala kulesi sitshalo kuphela, iyazivikela.
Sihla ngomgwaqo bese singena ehlathini eliminyene kakhulu, kancane kancane sehla bese sibona ngakwesokunxele esinqenqemeni esinezihlahla esingamamitha angama-60 esinamanzi oMfula iNexapa ngaphansi kwawo.
Bangu izihlahla zabo bonke osayizi nama-liana yonke indawo. Uhlaza oluminyene lubeka isithunzi esimnyama yize ilanga seliphezulu. Ngokungazelelwe, umlingani wami ungitshela ukuthi ngiqaphele lapho ngihamba; imbabazane -yaziwa lapha njenge-chichicaste-, iphonsa amaqabunga asongelayo endleleni futhi kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha. Sisondela kancane kancane kulesi sitshalo esinolaka kakhulu kuleli hlathi. I- imbabazane (Gronoaia-scandens)Sisebenzisa umswakama weNexapa, siyisitshalo esimibalabala esihle futhi esiyengayo esifihla emaqabungeni aso ubuthi obenza amabhamuza abuhlungu kakhulu avele esikhunjeni. Ukugwema i-chichicaste, siqhubeka nendlela efanayo yobumnyama futhi singena endaweni ebuswa yi i-caulote (i-Guazuma-ulmifolia) okuchichima lapho, kuze kufike ngokuphelele emfuleni.
INepaxa igijima ngokushesha, yakhe amabhamuza anamanzi anamagwebu namhlophe kakhulu. Kusewumfudlana ohlanzekile owela, njengabanye, omunye wamagugu ethu ayigugu kakhulu futhi angavuseleleki: ihlathi elihle elinomswakama.
I-TAPALCÚA, UMBANGO NOMA INYOKA?
Iningi labantu abamaziyo bathi unguye inyoka ebizwa ngokuthi i-tapalcúa, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi kunalokho a isibungu, i-annelid kahle, futhi uma kunjalo, kungaba umbungu omkhulu kunabo bonke okhona namuhla.
Ngizamile ukuthola ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi okuyikho kepha kuze kube manje angikaze ngithole lutho. Kwesinye isikhathi ngicabanga ukuthi yi-oligochaete noma i-opisthopore, kepha ihlala ingaphakathi kwe- umndeni obanzi wama-annelids. Eqinisweni, izici zayo yilezo zesibungu kwazise umlomo waso awufani nowezinyoka futhi, njengowokuqala, uqhubekela phambili kancane kakhulu yize izama ukukwenza ibuyele emuva; Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has a predilection for humidity.
Cishe zonke izinyoka zingahlala endaweni eyomile; Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo zasemanzini, izinyoka zichitha iningi lempilo yazo kude nemifula nemibhede emanzi. I-tapalcúa, kunalokho, kwenza umswakama imvelo yayo ikulungele ukusinda. Kuyo yonke imvelo yabo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, i-tapalcúas ivumelane ngokuphelele nemijikelezo yomswakama futhi lokhu kunjalo ngeSoconusco eChiapas.
I- Indawo yeSoconusco, ebonakala ngezinga eliphakeme lemvula futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, iwele imifula eminingi nemifudlana, yakha i- indawo efanelekayo. Mhlawumbe ezinye izifundazwe zeRiphabhulikhi, njengeVeracruz, iGruerrero kanye nengxenye ye-Oaxaca yizifunda okuthi, ngenxa yomswakama wazo, zibambe i-tapalcúas, kepha ngokwazi kwami zikhona kuphela eChiapas Soconusco.
Phakathi nezinyanga zemvula, nini kuhlasela iziphepho, futhi lina izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu zilandelana, i-tapalcúa iyakhuthazwa ukuba ivele, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukuthi ibabone bekhasa kancane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya, bese bethuka lapho bebenza izinyoka.
Yize kunjalo i-hermaphrodites, kunokungabaza okuningi nge-tapalcúa, kepha angikwazi ukuzibuza ukuthi baphephela kuphi ezinyangeni ezomile eziqala ngoNovemba kuya ku-Ephreli? Cishe babheka imibhede enomswakama kusengaphambili futhi bacwilise baze bathole umswakama owanele wokuchitha ubusika. Uma umuntu efuna ukubhekana ne-tapalcúa phakathi nezinyanga ezomile, into enhle kakhulu ongayenza ukuya eduze komfula noma umfudlana bese umba ngaphansi komhlaba. Njengoba umba, uthola umswakama omningi nenhlabathi enodaka; Ngokungazelelwe, i-tapalcúa enkulu enombala omnyama ingashibilika izungeze. Ngalezo zinyanga ngokuqinisekile izondla ngezibungu ezincane, ngezizathu zazo, ezibalekela emswakeni wemifula nemifudlana. Mangaki ama-tapalcúas azofa ekuhambeni kwabo kusuka emibhedeni lapho befika khona ngezikhathi zemvula nasezindaweni abakuzo ngenkathi yesomiso, osebeni lwemifula noma imifudlana?
NEGAMA LAKHO LEQINISO?
Endaweni yeSoconusco yaziwa ngokuthi yi-tapalcúa, tlapalcúa ne-tepolcúa, kepha ngubani igama layo langempela? Ngiyayisekela inkolelo yokuthi igama elithi tapalcúa lakheka kusuka ezwini aztecloni okusho umhlaba, futhi i-decóatlculebra noma inyoka. Ngakho-ke, izwi lokuqala belizoba tlapalcóatlque Kungalingana nenyoka yasemhlabeni noma inyoka yasemhlabeni. Njengesibungu sangempela, i-tapalcúa igxuma ingene emhlabathini bese inyamalala ngemigodi emincane ngemizuzwana. Ngesinye isikhathi, sathatha isampuli sayifaka embizeni, ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa yaqala ukukhipha uketshezi olunensipho olwenza lula ukuhamba kwalo emhlabeni, inqobo nje uma lumanzi.
Empeleni, i-tapalcúa inezici eziningi zezinyoka, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ngoba izinhlobo ezithuthuke kakhulu zingalinganisa cishe isigamu semitha ubude kuze kufike ku-4 cm ububanzi. Noma kunjalo, akuyona inyoka, kepha a isibungu esikhulu somhlaba lokho kungabizwa kahle ngokuthi yindlovukazi nombusi wezikelemu.
I-LEGEND MAYELANA NE-TAPALCÚA
Basho esifundeni ukuthi i-tapalcúa ingangena ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla nge-rectum, lapho i- isilwane sivele ngaphezulu. Kuthiwa futhi okuwukuphela kwendlela umuntu angaphonsa ngayo i-tapalcúa ukuyibeka ngokushesha okukhulu esitsheni esinobisi; isilwane, lapho sizwa ukutholakala kobisi, sihamba ngokushesha. Kepha ekugcineni kosuku i-tapalcúa iyi-annelid engenabungozi, futhi yize kubangela ukwesaba kulowo obhekene nakho, akukwazi ukwenza okubi okuncane kumuntu.
