Iziphethu, amachibi kanye namadamu kuyisiphephelo somnduze wamanzi, ohlasela, ngokuqina, izindawo ezahlukahlukene futhi nokho ufihla izimfanelo ezingalindelwe ngabaningi.
Iziphethu, amachibi namadamu kuyisiphephelo somnduze wamanzi, ohlasela, ngokuqinile, izindawo ezahlukahlukene futhi okufihla izimfanelo ezingalindelwe ngabaningi.
Kuma-rosettes antantayo weqa imingcele wavakashela imifula, iziphethu kanye namadamu ukusuka eMfuleni i-Amazon kuya eNyakatho Melika, futhi ngokungakhathali wazi ezinye izinkomba, lapho esondela emisinga yeChina, iLapp ne-Afrika. Namuhla, uMfula iCongo wase-Afrika namanye amadamu amaHindu nawo akunikeza indawo yokuhlala. Mhlawumbe idada eligwinyizayo lapho libaleka liyisimungulu lawisa imbewu emfuleni okhohliwe. Mhlawumbe isiphepho sagxilisa indlela yaso noma othile, ehlaba umxhwele “ithafa” elingajwayelekile lemifino, walicosha walitshala, ngokungazi, echibini elincane. Iqiniso ukuthi isimo sezulu esifudumele noma esipholile sithanda impilo yembali ebomvu, idada, isipuni, i-hyacinth noma amanzi omnduze, kanti indawo eshisayo iyayikhuthaza ngendlela efanayo noma enkulu.
IZINSUKU EZIQHELEKILE ZOKUTHUTHUKISA “IZIGODI”
Konke kuqale ngendawo enhle, ejiyile eluhlaza, eya phambili ngokunganyakazi. Wayeshibilika emabhange, ephulula amabhala, futhi kwesinye isikhathi wayefaka amacici anezikhala ezintathu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezihlelwe ngama-spikes. Abantu bendawo bambuke bemangele. Uma umoya opholile wehlisa ijubane lawo, ukhaphethi uhlala unganyakazi futhi ulindele. Kepha kwathi lapho umoya ubuya uphefumula, ukuqhubekela phambili kwawo kwashesha futhi kwaba ngamawala.
Uma ukude wawubukeka njengensimu yasepulazini, ukhanya ngaphansi kokuthanyiswa yilanga futhi umnandi ebhulashini nasendwedweni yosaziwayo othile. Lapho ukucwazimula kufinyelela ekukhanyiseni amanzi, izithunzi ezahlukahlukene zathwesa umqhele lokho okwakubonakala sengathi kuyindwangu.
Njengoba izinsuku zihamba, ingubo yayingangeneki; yayivele igijimela engxenyeni enkulu echibini. Bese kuthi ukumangala kuphenduke ukudideka. Izindaba zasakazeka: ithafa lily lamanzi lalilungiselela ukuhlasela kwalo. Kwakhiwa imihubhe emincane phakathi kwezihlahla ezisogwini lomfula, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayengahambeki.
Omakhelwane bayeka ukudoba; i-tangle eyinqaba, eyaziswa kakhulu ekuqaleni, yaphazamisa umsebenzi wakhe. Abalingisi abathembekile babona izithiyo ezijiyile ezazisitha inyamazane yabo. Amaviki adlula futhi ukwehluka okunothile kwezakhamizi zasolwandle lwaleli chibi kwaqala ukuncipha; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi babezothola impendulo ngokuvinjezelwa okuyimfihlakalo.
Ekuqaleni zihehwa indawo yokukhosela echibini, izivakashi ezivamile zashiya uhambo lwazo lwangeSonto zifuna ezinye izindawo zokuphumula. Izitolo ezincane ezingomakhelwane zavala iminyango yazo elula, futhi imikhonzo yangaphandle yafa. Ukuhamba komfula kumise ukudlula kwabo. Amasango esitshalo esiphehla ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi ayevinjelwe “amaTamanda” ‘futhi kwenzeka into efanayo nasemilonyeni yemisele yokunisela: amanethiwekhi aba nesiminyaminya. Futhi izingalo eziluhlaza nazo zafinyelela, ekuvinjezelweni kwazo, zaze zafika ezinsikeni zebhuloho elidala lamapulangwe, zibacekela phansi zaze zabanqoba.
Ukumangala nokudideka bese kuba nokushaqeka futhi kamuva ukwesaba. Ukungakhululeki kwanda. Konke kwakubonakala kukhombisa ukuthi amanzi angajulile ayeshayela ukuphindaphindeka kwama-rosettes antantayo, ayethola emanzini amnyama insimu evundile kakhulu ngokwanda kwawo. Ngesikhathi sasebusika nasentwasahlobo, ithafa elihlangene laphazamisa uhambo lwabo, lisongelwa - njengoba bekukholelwa - ngamazinga okushisa aphansi nemvula encane. Kodwa ehlobo nasekwindla ukumasha kwakhe kwakungalawuleki; Ama-lily pads angafika ku-60 cm ubukhulu.
UKULWA NOKUQEDWA
Ukusabalala kwamabhange aminyene nokusontekile kudinga isisombululo ngokushesha. Yaqala kanjalo-ke imizamo yokuqothula, njengoba ithafa lase liphenduke isifo esasakazeka yonke indawo. Amadoda azihlelela futhi aqala ukukhipha kwawo, ngesandla esinqunyiwe, ngezinsimbi ezilula, ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi inqubo. Baphoxekile, babona ukuthi impumelelo ibincane futhi nokuthi, bengazi, bebekhetha ukwanda komkhuhlane we-lily, ngoba ngokuxegisa osayizi bazuze ukuphindaphindeka kwabo. Bamangala futhi, babona ukuthi izimpande zingafinyelela phakathi kuka-10 cm nangaphezulu kwemitha ubude.
Ngokuqinisekile umsebenzi wawunzima kakhulu. Bacele usizo futhi bathola ukubambisana kwabanye ochwepheshe, abathembisa ukuqeda lesi sifo. Abasiki, abagawuli, imigoqo yokwemba ngisho nezikebhe bafika bekulungele ukuvuna umnduze. Futhi umsebenzi wokushisa waqala. Izivakashi zithi, kwezinye izindawo, zikwazile ukukhipha amathani angaphezu kuka-200 zisebenzisa imishini yokubhula. Kodwa yize bathole imiphumela ekhuthazayo, bahluleka ukuqeda lesi sifo. Umshini wachoboza ukhula, walusakaza, kwase kuthi omunye ugandaganda wayephethe ukuludonsela ogwini. Kepha bekungakabi khona ukukhuluma ngokuqothulwa.
Kwadlula amasonto kwathi ngenkathi isifo siqhubeka nokubusa, yize umthamo waso wehla, omakhelwane baphila ngokudangala okukhulu ngokulahlekelwa ngumthombo wabo womsebenzi. Bethukuthele, babona ukuthi inani lezinhlanzi lancipha kanjani. Ngalokhu, abagcinanga ngokulahlekelwa ukubamba okumnandi nokunenzuzo, kepha futhi nokuba khona kwezilwane zasolwandle ezithandekayo ezizungezile. Uchwepheshe wabanikeza impendulo: umnduze uyingozi empilweni yezilwane, njengoba umunca umoya-mpilo omningi emanzini - umthethosisekelo wamakhemikhali we-hyacinth yamanzi wembula ukuthi ungaphezu kwama-90% ketshezi oluyigugu - futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuguqula isithombe semvelo, ngaphezu kokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kweplankton, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphe ukudla kwezinhlanzi.
Sebekhathele ukusebenzisa izindlela ezenziwa ngesandla nezomshini, kwadingeka baphendukele ekutshaleni uhlobo oluthile lwenhlazi yomphunga olambile, isidlo salo abasithandayo u-algae, kepha abathanda iminduze ngendlela efanayo. IManatee, izakhamuzi zamachibi asogwini kanye nogu lolwandle lwaseGulf of Mexico nazo zahlakazeka. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezidlayo zidla izitshalo ezihlukene zasemanzini, ezintantayo noma ezikhulayo, kepha azimelani namazinga okushisa aphansi futhi kwesinye isikhathi azikwazi ukusabalalisa. I-Carp nama-manatee bakhubeka ngenxa yesithiyo esiminyene sezimila, okwenza ukuhamba kwabo kube nzima. Abanye nabanye, bengazi, bangeze isenzo sabo ngokumelene nethafa eliyinqaba, kepha umzamo awunikanga imiphumela elindelekile.
Ekugcineni, kwakungekho okunye ababengakwenza ngaphandle kokungena emkhakheni wokubulala ukhula. Ukuzijwayeza bekubonisile, kwenye indawo, ukulimala kwezinto ezingaphili (njenge-arsenic oxide noma ithusi le-sulfate), ezisuswe ezindaweni zazo ezinobuthi nezonakalisayo. Kungakho bethathe isinqumo sokuzama ukuqeda besebenzisa i-organic herbicide, bafafaza ngamaphampu anenjini noma ngefafaza ngesandla.
Ukutshalwa kwemali okubizayo kwehle ku-2-4D, into yokwenziwa esetshenziswa kwifomu le-amine noma le-ester. Ochwepheshe babike ukuthi le nhlanganisela ikhonjisiwe ukuthi ayinabungozi empilweni yezilwane zasemanzini nasezitshalweni ezinamaqabunga amancane, okwenza ikulungele ukulwa nezitshalo ezinamakhasi abanzi njengeminduze. Ngemuva kwesifutho sokuqala, umuthi wokubulala ukhula wenza umsebenzi wawo: wabuna futhi wabulala olunye ukhula olunzima; ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, i-hyacinth yamanzi yaqala ukucwila.
Abanye ochwepheshe baxwayise ukuthi kokubili ukubalwa okungalungile komthamo, nokuphazamiseka kokwelashwa, bekungavuna ukuphindaphindwa ngentshiseko komnduze. Futhi bangeze ukuthi, ngokuya ngezici zendawo ethintekile kanye nobungako besinambuzane, kungafuneka izifutho ezifika kwezintathu phakathi nonyaka.
Kwaqala kanjalo ukuqothulwa kwamafasitela ama-rose antantayo, kodwa kwakusenokuningi okwakudingeka kwenziwe. Lezi bekuyizinyathelo zokuqala eziphumelelayo kuphela, futhi nemiphumela ebingaba khona emvelweni ikakhulukazi ibingakaziwa.
Ochwepheshe beluleke ngokuthi baqhubeke nokuhlanganisa indlela yezandla, indlela yemishini nokufakwa kwezinhlanzi okushwabadelayo, baphakamisa nokuthi kungavinjelwa ukuhleleka kwemvelo; okusho ukuthi, imimoya nemisinga ethwala amapayipi omnduze ibheke kwamanye amagatsha agcina engena olwandle, esebenzisa, yiqiniso, usizo lomakhelwane ukwenza indlela yabo ihambe kahle.
OLUNYE Uhlangothi LENDLU
Izintaba ze-hyacinth yamanzi zabe seziqoqana osebeni lolwandle. Yeka ukuthi isimo sezwe sase sihluke kanjani manje, silimele futhi siyincithakalo. Ukulimala kwezilwane zasolwandle kwakusengumbuzo. Umnduze waqala ukuphuzi futhi womile, waba nokunwebeka kodwa uqhekeke ngokwengeziwe.
Abanye omakhelwane banquma ukuwuxuba nomhlaba. Mhlawumbe ingasetshenziswa njengomquba. Kepha babebhekene nokwehluleka kokugcina umswakama odingekayo ngaphandle kokungeza omunye umanyolo emigqonyeni yomnduze. Abanye bakhethe ukushintsha “imibhede” yezinkomo, base befaka utshani esikhundleni se-hyacinth yamanzi. Kukhona ababekhombisa ukuthi kungaba njalo. indawo enhle ye-alfalfa, ukubona ukuthi idliwa kahle kakhulu izinkomo ngohlobo lwefulawa, ixutshwe nama-molasses, okunikeza i-compound enye ukunambitheka nokuthungwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi baphethe ngokuthi i-lily ayinawo amaprotheni, kodwa icebile nge-chlorophyll, yingakho kumele yengezwe ngotshani obomile; Konke kukhombisa ukuthi kungaba yifolishi enhle.
Ochwepheshe babike ngenguquko engenzeka. kokhula, ngenqubo yokuphuza iziphuzo, kumafutha kaphethiloli wamandla amancane wekhalori futhi baqinisekisa ukuthi ngomlotha wamakhemikhali ongatholakala. Kepha baphinde baxwayisa ngokuthi njengoba ukoma kwalesi sitshalo kubiza, ngaphezu kokuba inqubo ehamba kancane ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamanzi eliqukethe, bekungakakwazi ukwethula ukusetshenziswa kwawo ngokugcwele ezingeni lezimboni. Mayelana nemicu yomnduze, ongoti bangeze ukuthi baqukethe i-hemicellulose, yingakho bengakulungele ukwenza iphepha, kepha bangabhekwa njengempahla enhle eluhlaza yokwenza i-cellulose.
Usuku nosuku ama-stolon ayanda, ahlukile esitshalweni esingumama futhi ayanda kwezinye izindawo. Amachibi aseValsequillo, Endho, Solís, Tuxpango, Nezahualcóyotl, Sanalona, amachibi aseChapala, ePátzcuaro, eCajititlán naseCatemaco, eGrijalva nase-Usumacinta, ngezinye zezindawo lapho isifo sisakazeka khona size sibe “ithafa”. Ezinyangeni ezine, izitshalo ezimbili zingakha ukhaphethi wamamitha ayi-9 (isikwele), kwesinye isikhathi ohlotshiswe ngombala amahora angama-24: nakhu impilo yezimbali zayo idlula ngokushesha, ubuntekenteke bayo obuphikisana nobukhona bomnduze ophikelelayo. Inhlupho yokuthi, nokho, manje isingakhokhela isenzo sayo esonakalisayo futhi, njengoba sekufakazelwe, iguqula usongo olumele, ngenzuzo.
Umthombo: Engaziwa iMexico No. 75 / Februwari 1983
