Kuleli koloni, empumalanga yeMexico City, minyaka yonke impi yomlando iyaqala lapho ibutho lesizwe, ngaphansi kukaGeneral Zaragoza, lahlula isitha salo saseFrance edolobheni lasePuebla. Yazi le phathi!
Ekoloni le Idwala lamaBhati, empumalanga yeMexico City, kukhunjulwa i- Impi yasePuebla kwenzeke ku Meyi 5, 1862. Ngalolo suku abantu abangamakhulu amaningana baphendukela emigwaqweni yekoloni naseCerro del Peñón ukuyomela leyo mpi ekhazimulayo eyaphakamisa igama laseMexico, lapho amabutho okhululekileyo, ngaphansi kokulawulwa nguGeneral Zaragoza, ehlula ibutho "elingahlulwa lutho" IsiFulentshi sikaNapoleon III.
Ngesikhathi sikahulumeni kaBenito Juárez, nangenxa yokuqothuka kwezwe, ingqungquthela yakhipha ngo-1861 isimemezelo sokuthi isikweletu esasenziwe ngemibuso yaseYurophu samiswa iminyaka emibili. INgilandi, iSpain kanye neFrance babe sebakha umfelandawonye ophindwe kathathu ngenhloso yokufaka ingcindezi kuhulumeni waseMexico nokuqoqa ukukhokhwa kwezikweletu ezihambelana nalawo mazwe. Ngakho-ke, ngoJanuwari 1862, amasosha omfelandawonye amathathu afika eVeracruz futhi angena endaweni yaseMexico; kodwa ngo-Ephreli, ngenxa yokwehluka kwezintshisekelo phakathi kwamazwe amathathu ahlaselayo, iSpain neNgilandi banquma ukuhoxa, ngoba izinhloso zaseFrance zokumisa ubukhosi eMexico zazicacile.
Amasosha aseFrance, ngaphansi kokulawulwa nguGeneral Lorencez, ahlasela enkabeni yezwe, futhi ngemuva kokulwa okuthile e-El Fortín kanye nokulwa namasosha aseMexico e-Acutzingo, ahlulwa Meyi 5th ePuebla ngamabutho we U-Ignacio Zaragoza.
Ukunqoba kwamabutho aseMexico kwaba ngumphumela wamasu wokuzivikela aqanjwa yiZaragoza ezinqabeni zaseLoreto nase IGuadeloupe, kanye nesibindi nobugorha bojenene, izikhulu namabutho, abathi ngemithombo yamasosha embalwa kakhulu kunezitha zabo baphumelela.
Imininingwane ebhaliwe yomlando ngokubamba iqhaza kwamasosha eqembu leMexico elalibhekene namaFrance, kepha phakathi kwawo Ibutho Lesithupha Likazwelonke LasePuebla, noma zacapoaxtlas, ngokuba nguyena owakha umugqa lapho kwakulwelwa khona isandla.
Kodwa-ke, kungani kukhunjulwa edwaleni impi eyenzeka e- Idolobha lasePuebla?
Idwala elidala
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 i Umfelandawonye womfula kwehlukaniswe USanta John wase-Aragon del Peñón, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwakhiwa ibhuloho elalivumela ukuxhumana phakathi kwalawa madolobha womabili.
Lafika kanjani eDwaleni
Ukubungazwa kwe Meyi 5th yandulela u-1914, njengomkhosi womkhosi nje. Isiko lavela kuSan Juan de Aragón, owalithola I-Nexquipaya, Puebla, ngokusebenzisa i-Texcoco. Kuvela ukuthi izakhamizi eziningana zase-Aragon zazivela eNexquipaya futhi zisenemindeni lapho, kanti omunye wemikhosi yazo yendabuko wawunengxenye efanelwe ukumela le mpi eyingqophamlando.
UMnu Fidel Rodríguez, ongowokuzalwa ePeñón, usitshela ukuthi cishe ngonyaka ka-1914 izindawo zasedolobheni zahlukana, futhi ubudlelwano phakathi kwemindeni babungebuhle. Ngalesi sizathu, iqembu labantu linqume ukugqugquzela ukugujwa kwalo mkhosi womphakathi ngenhloso yokuhlanganisa imindeni nezindawo ezakhelene nazo; ngakho-ke, iqembu laya kobheka ukuthi lihlelwe kanjani eSan Juan de Aragón.
Kamuva, uMnu. Timoteo Rodríguez, kanye noMnu Isiquio Morales noTeodoro Pineda, bahlangana nemindeni eseduzane ukuze benze okwabo ukumela; Kamuva, uTimoteo Rodríguez uqobo, u-Isiquio Cedillo, uDemetrio Flores, uCroz Gutiérrez noTeodoro Pineda baqala IBhodi Lobuzwe ophethe ukuhlela umgubho. Leli bhodi lasebenza kwaze kwaba ngo-1952.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube manje, ezinye izinguquko zenziwe zombili ezembathweni nakummelo. Ngaleso sikhathi kwasetshenziswa izihlilingi ukumela ukuxabana, yize kwase kukhona ezinye izibhamu; Ngaphambi kokuthi cishe kwakungekho mahhashi abese esebenzisa izimbongolo; imvunulo yamaFulentshi ishintshiwe, kanti abamnyama noma ama-zacapoaxtlas bebengapendiwe.
Umlando wenhlangano
Ngo-1952, uMnu. Timoteo wanikela uMnu Luis Rodríguez Damián izikhali futhi washiya umthwalo weqembu eqenjini labantu ababenomdlandla. Ngaleso sikhathi i- Peñón de los Baños IBhodi Lokuthuthukisa futhi iminyaka engamashumi amane uMnu uLuis wasebenza njengomongameli wayo, kwaze kwaba ngu-1993, unyaka afa ngawo, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kokwenza i "ICinco de Mayo Civil Association", umgwamanda obhekene nokwenza lo mcimbi futhi usihlalo wawo nguMnu. Fidel Rodríguez. Njengoba ubona, leli yisiko elivela kogogo nomkhulu liye kubazali nasebazalini liye ezinganeni.
Eminye yemisebenzi inhlangano ebhekele kuyo ukuthola izimvume ethimbeni lezepolitiki kanye naku UNobhala Wezokuvikela; Ngokunjalo, ezinyangeni ezimbili ngaphambi kokuthi amalungu ahambe njalo ngeSonto, ephelezelana ngomculo we-chirimía, ukukhuthaza iphathi nokuqoqa imali, indlu nendlu, ukukhokhela ingxenye yezindleko. Ngalo mqondo, ukuthunyelwa kwesekela ngemali ethile. Okuqoqiwe kusetshenziselwa ukukhokhela abaculi, ukuthenga isibhamu bese kukhokhelwa ukudla.
Izinhlamvu
Njengamanje bonke ababambiqhaza banikezwa iskripthi sokwenza indima yabo. Abalingiswa abaphambili nguManuel Doblado, uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle, UJuarez, General Prim, Admiral Dunlop, Mnu. Saligny, Juan Francisco Lucas, induna yeZacapoaxtlas, Jikelele uZaragoza kanye noGral. Gutiérrez. Leli yiqembu lojenene abamele izivumelwano zeLa Soledad, iLoreto neGuadalupe.
Isibhamu isici esibalulekile ekumeleni. AbakwaZacapoaxtlas bapenda isikhumba sabo ngomlotha, bagqoke amabhulukwe amhlophe, ama-huarache kanye ne-capisayo, okuyishethi elimnyama elinemifekethiso ngemuva enomfanekiso wokhozi, nezinganekwane ezifana ne-¡Viva México!, Unyaka wempi, unyaka okhona nangaphansi kwegama elithi "Peñón de los Baños". Isigqoko siyisundu eselukwe phakathi, abanye bagqoka i-rose yendabuko kanye ne-bandana ezigqokweni zabo. AbakwaZacapoaxtlas “bahlome ngamazinyo”; eziningi ziletha izibhamu zepirate, izibhamu kanye nocelemba. Baphinde baphathe i-barcina yabo, okuluhlobo lobhakha lapho bephethe khona ama-gorditas, izinyawo zezinkukhu, imifino, noma okuthile okudliwayo; baphinde bagqoke i-güaje ene-pulque. Ngaphambi kokuthi ama-zacapoaxtlas aphume kuphela nge-bandana. Njengoba lezo ezazivela eZacapoaxtla zazinsundu, manje sezipenda ukuzihlukanisa nezeFrance.
Omunye umlingisi ovelayo ngu "naca", omele i-soldadera, umlingani we-zacapoaxtla. Uphethe ngisho nendodana, ilayishwe itshali; Angakwazi futhi ukuphatha isibhamu nakho konke okudingekayo ukuxhasa isosha.
Kunabantu abasha abaqhamuka emakholoni aseRomero Rubio, Moctezuma, Pensador Mexicano naseSan Juan de Aragón, futhi bahlongozwa ukuba bashiye iFrance.
Iphathi
Ekuseni abambalwa abamnyama (ama-zacapoaxtlas) namaFulentshi bayahlangana, futhi kanye nomculo bahambela imigwaqo.
Ngehora lesishiyagalombili ekuseni i imikhosi yefulege esikoleni iHermenegildo Galeana. Lo mcimbi uhanjelwa ngabamele ithimba lezepolitiki, ojenene, abagqugquzeli, amaphoyisa namasosha. Ngemuva kwe- umbukiso emigwaqweni emikhulu yeDwala. Umkhakha wesikole, iziphathimandla zethimba, iziphathimandla zenhlangano, iqembu lamaZacapoaxtlas, amaFrance, ibutho laseZaragoza, abagibele, iPentathlon kanye nabacimi bomlilo babamba iqhaza kulokhu.
Ekupheleni kombukiso i- ukusebenza kokuqala yempi e- Indawo yaseCarmen. Kwaphela ihora kukhona ukuqhuma, ukuduma nokudubula. Ngemuva kwale mpi yokuqala kunekhefu lamahora amabili. Abanye abantu bamema abaculi ezindlini zabo ukuzobadlalela izingcezu bese bebanikeza ukudla.
Ngehora lesine ntambama i Izivumelwano zeLoreto Y IGuadeloupe, emgwaqweni waseHidalgo naseChihualcan. Lapha kuqala ukumelwa kojenene, lapho kumenyezelwa impi baye eMexico. Bonke ojenene babamba iqhaza bese kuba ne-comeliton; Bonke abantu bakhuphuka bayonikela ngalokho abanakho ukondla amabutho: babalethela izinhlanzi, amadada, amathumbu, ama-gordita "ukuze bangadli kabi empini."
Kamuva, kwadlula uGeneral Zaragoza ubuyekeze amabutho; yenza ukuphathwa kwenhlanzeko; abanye bayalwa ukuba bagundwe izinwele "ngakho-ke abahambi lousy"; ikakhulukazi abafika okokuqala banqunywa izinwele.
Ngemuva kwezivumelwano, abaphikisanayo bakhuphuka igquma ukuyokwenza ukusebenza kokugcina yempi, ethatha cishe amahora amabili. Amasosha aseFrance akhuphuka ngasohlangothini lwesikhumulo sezindiza, kuyilapho amasosha eZacapoaxtlas enyuka ngomfula iConsulate. Sebephelile, abakwaZacapoaxtlas bahlukumeza amabutho aseFrance kwaqhunyiswa izinganono; lapho sezizobanqoba, zehla egqumeni zibajahe badlule endaweni yaseCarmen, lapho kwenzeka khona enye ingxabano, khona-ke onkulunkulu baphenduka bese amaFrance adutshulwa lapho.
Uma elwa, amaZacapoaxtlas athatha isithombo esincane asiphatha esikhwameni sabo, asihlafune asiphimise noma asiphonse kumaFrance ukukhombisa inzondo yawo.
Ngemuva kwalezi zingxabano, wonke amabutho anikezwa iziphuzo futhi abongwa. Bonke ojenene babamba iqhaza, futhi kulapho umzamo obandakanyekayo ephathini ubaluleka khona, lapho ababambiqhaza, begcwele ukwaneliseka, beveza inkulumo "Jikelele wami, siyathobela!".
Ubuwazi mayelana nokuba khona kwaleli qembu? Uyazi okunye okufana nalokhu? Sifuna ukwazi umbono wakho… Phawula ngaleli phepha!
