Kancane kancane bebelulama insimu yabo endala eSierra de San Pedro Mártir, okufanele igcwalise imiphakathi yalesi sifunda kanye nezakhamizi zaseBaja California ngokuziqhenya.
ESierra de San Pedro Mártir, ephakeme kunazo zonke eBaja California, ekuseni kakhulu kuyabanda, njengabanye abambalwa. Eqinisweni, kungenye yezintaba zaseMexico ezinenani eliphakeme kakhulu nokuqina kweqhwa ngonyaka. Futhi ngalolo suku ekuseni lapho ngangilungiselela ngaphakathi lapho ngangicashe khona, ukuqopha ikhondorali yaseCalifornia, kwaba njalo. Ku-minus 3 degrees Celsius ngangizama ukufudumeza izandla zami ngenkomishi yekhofi ezongisiza ukulinda imisebe yokuqala yelanga. Kodwa-ke, bekuyikhofi lami ebelibanda masinyane. Ekhosombeni eliseduze kwami kwakungu-Oliver, engangisebenza naye kwenye ikhamera yevidiyo futhi wayengivayizela ekhombisa ukuthi kunokuthile okubalulekile okwenzeka ngaphandle. Ngangazi ukuthi kwakungewona ama-condor, ngoba kulawo mazinga okushisa ayevame ukundiza, ngokuvamile adinga imisinga yomoya eshisayo, eshisayo ukuze indize. Ngabheka ngokuqondisisa ewindini elifihlekile ngabona umlingiswa ohlaba umxhwele, naye owayezama ukungibona ngisendaweni engaphansi kwamamitha ayi-7.
Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuba sishiye umlenze omkhulu wenkomo phambi kwendawo yokucasha silinde amakhondorali ukuthi awe phansi adle ngokushesha lapho usuku luphuma ukuze sikwazi ukuwaqopha futhi siwathwebule eduze futhi sisebenze. Ukushiya izilwane ezifile kuyingxenye yecebo lokongiwa kwama-condors aseCalifornia, aqondiswe yisazi sezinto eziphilayo uJuan Vargas; yena nethimba lakhe basekela ukondliwa kwabo ngezilwane ezifa emgwaqeni omkhulu weTranspeninsular noma emafulethini angomakhelwane. Kodwa, nakanjani lo mlingiswa wayengeyona inyoni, wayenobuqili futhi enamandla, inkosi yentaba: i-puma (Felis concolor), owafika entathakusa ukuzodla umlenze wenkomo, kepha wayesolisa izindawo zokucasha futhi ephakamisa njalo buka ngakithi. Kodwa-ke, umoya wawushaya ngamandla uvuna thina, kangangokuthi sasingasiboni, sizwe noma sinuke. Kimi kwakuyithuba eliyingqayizivele lokuthwebula i-puma ngenkululeko nangaphansi kokukhanya okuhle, inhlanhla enkulu impela.
Lesi sithombe esinamandla sasiyisandulela salokho okwakuzokwenzeka. I-puma yahlala isikhathi esingangehora. Ekugcineni wasuka lapho ilanga lifudumeza izintaba naphakathi nemini, kwafika ama-condor ayisishiyagalolunye, ngamaphiko awo amangalisayo amamitha amathathu futhi adla izinsalela zenkomo, kwakumangalisa ukubabona bedla futhi belwela ukudla, ngokwesikhundla abakuso ngaphakathi ukwakheka kwabo emphakathini, okungabashiyanga bekhululekile ekuxabaneni kwangaphakathi.
Ziyizinyoni ezindizayo ezindiza kakhulu emhlabeni. Bangaphila iminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu futhi bagcine umlingani impilo yabo yonke. Ezwenikazi laseMelika kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) ehlala eNingizimu Melika kuphela, kanye neCalifornia eyodwa (Gymnogyps californianus) futhi yize ingahlobene, izindiza zazo ziyamangalisa futhi ziyahlaba umxhwele.
Ngephiko ethuneni
Umlando wokongiwa kwe-condor yaseCalifornia uyamangaza: wanyamalala ngokuphelele endaweni yaseMexico ngawo-1930. Ngo-1938 kwabikwa ukubonwa kokugcina okuthembekile ngenkululeko, eSierra de San Pedro Mártir. Kamuva inani labantu e-United States nalo lehla kakhulu kwathi ngo-1988 lacishe lanyamalala ngezinhlobo ezingama-27 kuphela endle.
Lesi simo siholele ekwakhiweni kwephrojekthi yabantu abadala nabangakavuthwa yokuzalela abathumbi ngokushesha e-United States. Lapho umsebenzi wokuzalanisa usuphumelele, ukubuyiselwa endle kwaqala, ngaphansi kwezinyathelo zokuvikela nokuqapha okuqinile; namuhla cishe zingama-290, ezingaba ngu-127 zikhululekile.
Lolu hlelo lokululama lucabanga ukufakwa kabusha kwamanani amasayithi asezingeni eliphakeme kunawo wonke okusatshalaliswa kwawo, okubandakanya iphrojekthi yezimboni eSierra de San Pedro Mártir, eBaja California.
Ekugcineni, ama-condor eMexico
Ngo-2002 kwathulwa amakhophi okuqala ayisithupha. Lo mcimbi ububaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozweni kwezinhlobo. Ama-specimens aqhamuka eZos Angeles Zoo asetshenziswa futhi athuthwa ngeziqukathi ezikhethekile, ukugwema ukucindezelwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Izakhamizi zakulindela ukufika kwazo ngokulindela okukhulu futhi kwakungekhona okungaphansi, ngoba zazingakaze zibabone zindiza ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60. Abaningi bakhombisa ukwesaba becabanga ukuthi bangahlasela izilwane zabo. Abanye babejabule nje. Kwenziwa amadokhumende ahlukahlukene, kubalwa nama-video okwazisa umphakathi ukuthi akuzona izinyoni ezidla njengezinkozi; kunalokho zondla kuphela izidumbu. Amanye ama-ejidatarios aze abona njengethuba lokuheha ezokuvakasha eSierra.
Ekugcineni sase sinama-condor amahhala endiza esibhakabhakeni esikhanyayo nesicace bha eMexico. Namuhla, kulula ukuwabona endiza ngaphezu kwalesi sifunda. Noma kunjalo, izinkinga zabo azikapheli. Kube nemililo emikhulu yehlathi kule ndawo ebeka engcupheni iphrojekthi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abacishe basanda kudedelwa abokuqala babeyizisulu zokuhlaselwa ngokhozi olunolaka lokuziphatha olunolaka. Kepha ekugcineni abanqobi banqoba futhi bathola indawo yabo eSierra.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezinye izinto ezenziwe kabusha zenziwe ngempumelelo enkulu, zombili ekujwayeleni ukuvalelwa ekuboshweni okukhethekile, nasekuvuseleleni inkululeko.
Amakhondori asinde ngokulambisa ngekhulu lama-20. Kepha manje, izindiza zayo ezinhle kungenzeka (njengoba zilandiswa izinganekwane zomdabu zesifunda) isithombe esinamandla esikwazi ukuletha umbani ovela esibhakabhakeni.
Ungayithola kanjani
Ukufika eSierra de San Pedro Mártir azikho izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi. Ukuhamba ngemoto, thatha umgwaqo omkhulu weTranspeninsular uye eningizimu ye-Ensenada cishe amakhilomitha ayi-170. Kuyadingeka ujike ngasempumalanga bese unqamula idolobha laseSan Telmo de Arriba, uwele ipulazi iMeling bese ulandela igebe cishe lamakhilomitha angama-80 uye eNational Park. Umgwaqo uyadlula kunoma iyiphi imoto enobude obuhle, yize ngaphakathi kwePaki kaZwelonke kudingeka iloli ende. Ezimweni zeqhwa imoto eyi-4 × 4 iyadingeka futhi uqaphele imifudlana njengoba inezikhukhula ezinhle.
