Kusukela ngo-1970, iFederal District ihlukaniswe ngabahambeli bezombusazwe abayi-16, okuyiTlalpan okuyiyona ehlanganisa indawo enkulukazi (310 km2). Engqikithini yobuso bayo, amaphesenti aphezulu ahambelana nepulazi, into eyindida edolobheni ethathwa njengendawo enabantu abaningi emhlabeni.
Ithimba laseTlalpan liseningizimu yeSigodi SaseMexico futhi linemikhawulo ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga nezwe laseMexico eningizimu, neMorelos; entshonalanga, nethimba leMagdalena Contreras; enyakatho, neCooacán; empumalanga, neXochimilco, naseningizimu-mpumalanga, neMilpa Alta.
Ezikhathini zangaphambi kukaColombia, iTlalpan yayihlalwa amaTepanecs ayengaphansi kokubusa kweXochimilco futhi indawo yabo eyayihlala kakhulu yayisogwini loMfula iSan Buenaventura.
Ngonyaka we-1200 wesikhathi sethu, i-Ajusco yayigcwele amaqembu e-Otomí, ngenkathi u-Azcapotzalco ebusa ingxenye enkulu yesiGodi saseMexico.
Ngesikhathi sobuqotho kwakuyisiko elijwayelekile ukuzama ukuhlanganisa izindawo ezihlakazekile ngokuzihlanganisa endaweni encane naseduze kwethempeli lamaKatolika. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukushunyayelwa kangcono kwabomdabu futhi babe namandla amakhulu okulahla abasebenzi babo. Ngalezi zizathu, amanye amadolobha asungulwa endaweni yaseTlalpan ngekhulu le-16.
Kulomcimbi, sizovakashela amadolobha amabili atholakala ezinhlangothini zomgwaqo omkhulu wamanje waseCuernavaca namanye asendleleni ebheke e-Ajusco, exhumana naloyo mgwaqo omkhulu, ukuze sifunde futhi sibabaze ukwakhiwa kwamasonto ase-Ajusco.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi bekuhlala njalo ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ngesikhathi sokubusa kwaseSpain kunezigaba eziningana. Yakhiwa futhi yakhiwa kabusha, isifundo abantu baseMexico abazimele abangazange basifunde, ngoba sasivame ukudiliza ukwakha okusha, esikhundleni sokwakha ndawonye nalokho okuvele kukhona.
USanta Peter waseVerona
Edolobheni laseSan Pedro Mártir kunethempeli elinikezelwe eSan Pedro de Verona. Lokhu kusuka ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa kanye nasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. Inesembozo esilula ngaphandle kwezingubo noma isicaba, yingakho ukuhlanganiswa kwenkwali eqoshiwe netshe elijwayelekile lezindonga kubukeka.
Ngaphezulu kwe-arch yokungena, ezungezwe i-alfiz, kune-niche enesithombe esenziwe ngamatshe se-titular saint. Isiphetho sixubene nesiphambano ngaphezulu. Njenge-arch botarel, izitebhisi zakhelwe ukunikeza ikhwaya ukufinyelela.
Isonto line-nave eyodwa. Egumbini lekhwaya eliphansi kukhona ukukhululeka ngokhozi lwase-Austrian nasethempelini lokunqoba indondo eyindilinga enomfanekiso wengelosi enkulu uSt Michael. Kulesi sikhala ungabona isithombe esenziwe ngokhuni esivela ngekhulu le-18 elimele umfel 'ukholo oNgcwele uPeter waseVerona futhi, e-altare, uKristu obethelwe obuye abekhona kusukela kulelo khulu leminyaka.
Ngo-1965, izitezi zashintshwa kwafakwa ezisicaba kwasuswa, ngaleyo ndlela kwavezwa inkwali, kepha umdwebo wodonga wachithwa.
San Andrés Totoltepec
ISan Andrés Totoltepec, ingubo yesonto layo lekhulu le-18 yashintshwa ngosimende, okuyisixazululo esibi ngoba siphikisana nenkwali ebomvana. Ekuqaleni ngamabili phakathi kwama-asi, ngo-1968 amathathu afakwa futhi ama-vaults ahlanganiswa. Izitezi zashintshwa futhi i-atrium yagandaywa.
Ithempeli line-nave eyodwa, ikhwaya kanye ne-presbytery, lapho kuhlala khona i-altarpiece enhle yekhulu le-18, ngenhlanhla egcinwe isesimweni esihle. Iqukethe umzimba nendali, ngemidwebo kaKristu ethola ubhapathizo kanye neGuadalupana ngokubonakala kwakhe okubili. Maphakathi nangaphezulu kwetabernakele kune-niche enomfanekiso kaSanta Andrew oqoshwe ngokhuni.
Odongeni olusempumalanga lwentaba kukhona umdwebo osuka ngekhulu le-18, ngumbhali ongaziwa, onesithombe seSan Isidro Labrador. Kulesi sikhala kukhona intombi eqoshiwe ngokhuni, enezinwele zemvelo kanye noKristu owenziwe ngopende lwamabala ommbila, umsebenzi omuhle futhi omuhle kakhulu.
USan Miguel Xicalco
Kakade usendleleni eya e-Ajusco leli dolobha elincane elinendlu enhle yesonto kusukela ngekhulu le-17. Iqukethe i-nave enezimbili phakathi kwezimbazo kanye ne-presbytery, lapho ungabona khona isithombe sengelosi enkulu uSan Miguel kanye noKristu owenziwe ngopende lukamoba.
Maphakathi nesembozo sayo esilula kune-niche enesithombe samatshe sengelosi enkulu ephethe inkemba, isikali nezinyawo zayo idimoni elinamaphiko.
USanta Magdalena Petlacalco
Leli dolobha, elisendaweni ephakeme, linethempeli elihle elakhiwa phakathi nekhulu lesithathu leminyaka le-18 endaweni emangelengele kakhulu. Ngo-1966 kwanezelwa umbhoshongo othi uqhathanisa futhi uhlanekezele i-façade yasekuqaleni, eyenziwe ngenkwali futhi ehlotshiswe ngama-pilasters kaSolomon.
Isonto line-nave eyodwa enezingxenye ezintathu kanti i-presbytery ine-altare le-neoclassical elinesithombe sokhuni esivela ngekhulu le-18, elimele iSanta María Magdalena. Iminyango eqoshiwe yokhuni ikhombisa unyaka we-1968.
San Miguel Ajusco
Kule ndawo, isonto lokuqala lakhiwa ngekhulu le-16; Kodwa-ke, iSan Miguel Ajusco ihlukaniswa namanye amadolobha ngokuba yindawo yesiko lokuhlonipha, ngokusho kwayo ingelosi enkulu uSan Miguel uqobo lwavela kathathu.
Isonto elikhona njengamanje lisukela ku-1707. Ekhulwini elidlule isonto elinikezelwe kwi-Sacred Heart lengezwe kwathi ngonyaka we-1959 kwandiswa ukugwedlwa kwe-nave. Esontweni likaHulumeni kukhona okuqoshwe ngokhuni kusukela ngekhulu le-18 ngesithombe sikaSanta Michael. Isembozo sisebenza enkwalini futhi ngaphansi kokukhululeka okuphezulu kweSantiago Apóstol umbhalo ongafundwa ngesiNahuatl.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaseningizimu-mpumalanga yedolobha kukhona iphiramidi iTequipa enendawo yokuhlala eyayilizungezile, endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi yiLas Calaveras, phansi kwegquma iMesontepec. Isayithi lonakaliswe kakhulu isenzo sabantu nezinto zemvelo.
Olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ngelePostclassic, okucatshangwa ukuthi isikhungo somkhosi besisasebenza ngenkathi kufika abaseSpain. Kodwa-ke, akukacaci ukuthi ngaphambi noma ngemuva kwe-Hispanics indawo yaseLas Calaveras yashiywa futhi abantu bahlala endaweni ehlala idolobha lamanje laseSan Miguel Ajusco.
ISanto Tomás Ajusco
Isonto elihle kuleli dolobha line-nave eyodwa, futhi linesithombe sokhuni sikaSanta Thomas e-altare. Inama-façade amathathu enziwe ngenkwali futhi into efanayo yi-arch yokunqoba ehlotshiswe ngezitshalo zezitshalo ezifakwe amapomegranati. Ama-bas-reliefs amathathu afakwe ezindongeni.
Kuleli thempeli singabona uKristu oqoshwe ngezinyo lendlovu, kanye nesithombe esenziwe ngekhulu le-18 leminyaka laseSantiago Apóstol egibele ihhashi.
Ku-atrium, kushaya itshe eliqoshwe nge-cubic elivela endaweni yaseTequipa.
