I-Atlatlauhcan yidolobha elinemvelaphi yangaphambi kweSpanishi ogama lalo lisho ukuthi "phakathi kwezihosha ezimbili zamanzi abomvu", lapho, phakathi kwemikhosi efanele, lowo wangoSepthemba 21 ugqamile, unikezelwe kuSan Mateo, usanta wakhe ongumvikeli, onesithombe sakhe sithwalwa udwendwe ukubusisa amakhaya namasimu ommbila.
Umkhosi weLa Cuevita nawo ubalulekile, ogujwa phakathi kukaMeyi noJuni. Kulokhu, amadoda agqoka njengamaMoor kanye nabafana bezinkomo, kuyilapho abesifazane bengabelusi, bese beya emhumeni omncane ekuphumeni kwedolobha ukuyokudumisa iNdodana uJesu.
Umkhosi wenziwa ngemuva nje koLwesithathu Lomlotha kanti phakathi nawo abesilisa bagqoka njengabesifazane nezingane njengamadoda amadala. Wonke umuntu udala umsindo wokukhala kwamacilongo nezigubhu, kanti unodoli wokhuni owaziwa ngokuthi "uChepe" wenziwa ukudansa. Okufanele ukubalulwe yimikhosi enikelwe iSan Isidro Labrador, ngoMeyi 15 noDisemba 15, lapho isithombe sihamba kulo lonke idolobha sihamba nogandaganda namahhashi, futhi, njengoSanta Matthew, ebusisa amakhaya nezitshalo.
OWAYENGUMUNTU WESIMISO SESAN MATEO
Ngaphandle kokungabaza, leli thempeli liyisigxobo lapho yonke imicimbi yedolobha igxila khona. Usuku lwalo lokwakhiwa luhlehlela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-16th, yize leli dolobha lalikhathekishwa kusukela ngo-1533.
Kunemininingwane enelukuluku kakhulu emlandweni waleli thempeli. Ukuthola ubukhulu bayo, kwanele ukusho ukuthi ngo-1965 insimbi yayo eyinhloko yadluliselwa eMetropolitan Cathedral. Esinye isici esithandekayo ukuthi imisa isashiwo ngesiLatini, kuze kube yimanje igcina kunokwehlukana phakathi kwamabandla, ngoba endlunkulu yesifunda, etholakala emigwaqweni embalwa ukusuka esigodlweni esidala sangaphambili, imisa kuthiwa ngeSpanish.
Izindawo zezindela ezazingasenyakatho yeMorelos zigcina izinto eziningi ezivamile, phakathi kwazo kunemibhoshongo ephezulu yezindonga, njengoba sikwazi ukubona eTlayacapan, Yecapixtla nase-Atlatlauhcan, phakathi kwabanye. Lezi ziphetho zisikisela umsebenzi wokuzivikela, kepha empeleni bekungaba ngale ndlela, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaba isitayela sokwakha.
Ukukhulunywa okukhethekile kufanele, kokubili e-Atlatlauhcan nakwamanye amathempeli esifundeni, umdwebo waso odongeni. Lapha, umhlobiso ufana nalowo weSanto Domingo de Oaxtepec neYecapixtla. Kunezingelosi eziningi ezincane ezibonakala zakhiwe ngendlela efanayo. Ama hexagoni e-blister ayafana kakhulu phakathi kwe-Atlatlauhcan ne-Oaxtepec, kepha lawo angaphambilini anesithombe se-Sacred Heart phakathi nendawo futhi umbala wawo uphakathi kokubomvu ne-sepia, kanti i-Oaxtepec idlula okwesibhakabhaka.
Isigodlo sangaphambili seSan Juan Bautista, eYecapixtla, nesaseSan Mateo Atlatlauhcan singathathwa njengesiseduze kakhulu, hhayi ngokusondela kuphela, kepha nangezitayela. Uhlelo lwayo lokwakha lucishe lufane, ifaçade ibheke entshonalanga ne-cloister ohlangothini lwayo oluseningizimu. Zombili zine-atrium enkulu enamasonto. Ama-naves ayafana kakhulu, anokuphakama nokujula okukhulu, yize le eseYecapixtla inokukhanya okungaphakathi okukhulu ngenxa yokukhanya okucwenga ngomnyango waso osenyakatho nangefasitela lama-rose lapho imisebe yelanga ingena khona ibheke e-altare kusihlwa.
Ingaphambili le-Atlatlauhcan, noma kungenjalo liyamangalisa, linikeza izici ezithokozisayo. Ukuzikhuza kwe-Renaissance kuhlanganiswe newashi le-neoclassical engxenyeni engenhla - enikelwe nguPorfirio Díaz - nokuthi kusukela ngo-1903 kusebenza kahle. Bangu
ama-turrets ambalwa emaphethelweni, ngaphansi nje kwe-belfry, okubhekisa umcabango wethu enqabeni yangenkathi ephakathi. Umbhoshongo omkhulu kunayo yonke utholakala ngemuva kwe-façade futhi ungabonakala kuphela ohlangothini olusenyakatho noma ngaphezulu kwe-vault.
Ngakwesobunxele se-façade, singabona, njengethempeli elincane, isonto lamaNdiya, nalo elinezimpi. Ngakwesokudla se-façade umnyango we-cloister, owandulelwa yisango elidala elixhumanisa isigodlo sangaphambili neCapilla del Perdón. Kokubili indlu yesango nendlu yesonto zinokuhlobisa okuhle ezindongeni zazo, isithombe sezithombe esibuyiselwe ngokwengxenye nesikhombisa izithombe zikaSanta Augustine.
Umnyango oxhuma isango elidala neCapilla del Perdón uyisibonelo esihle sesitayela seMudejar. Yonke iminyango ye-cloister inomklamo ofanayo emakhothameni abo, kepha ayinayo inkwali ebaziwe ebukeka ngayo.
Ukusuka esitezi sephasi se-cloister ungaya esitezi sesibili, kodwana ngaphambi kokukhuphuka kufanelekile ukuvakatjhela i-nave yethempeli, etholakala ngomnyango oseceleni. Ingaphakathi alikhanyisiwe kahle futhi kuntambama lapho, ngomnyango omkhulu, ukukhanya kungena ngase-altare, lapho kugqama khona isihlahla somsayipisi esivela ekhulwini le-19 leminyaka.
Enye yemininingwane engcono kakhulu yangaphakathi ingilazi ebunjiwe yomnyango: kokukodwa ungabona uMathewu Ongcwele enengelosi enkulu, kanti kwenye, uJesu Kristu. Lesi sakamuva sihle kakhulu futhi sikhombisa esifubeni sakhe isithombe seNhliziyo Engcwele. I-apse isivumela ukuthi sibabaze umhlobiso wokuqala, yize kwezinye izindonga ze-nave kukhona upende oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okufanele ufihle umhlobiso ofanayo.
Eduze kwe-altare, ngakwesokunene, kukhona umnyango wesango, lapho kuhlonishwa khona iNcasakazi yaseGuadalupe. Ubukhulu bezindonga buyamangalisa, okunikeza umbono wesisindo esikhulu sesakhiwo abasisekelayo.
Kusukela phezulu, ngenhla kwamagumbi, akunakwenzeka kuphela ukucabanga ngezwe elingavamile, kungenzeka futhi ukuncoma imiqulu emikhulu eyinikeza ukubonakala kwayo njengenqaba yethempeli.
Ngemuva kwe-belfry, etholakala ngephaseji lapho umuntu engakwazi khona ukungena, ufika kulo
izinsimbi zokufunda ezinye zezinganekwane zabo. Ebangeni elingamamitha ambalwa kukhona ibhuloho elincane elixhuma embhoshongweni lapho kutholakala khona insimbi enkulu kunazo zonke, ebhalwe, phakathi kwezinye iziqubulo: "To the Patron Saint Matthew". Kuthi kusihlwa, lesi sakhiwo esikhanyayo sithathe ukukhanya okukhangayo nesithunzi futhi ama-silhouette ezintaba-mlilo asuswe inkungu yawo futhi anikeze isithombe sobala obubabazekayo.
UMA UYA E-ATLATLAUHCAN
Ingafinyelelwa ngumgwaqo omkhulu waseMexico-Cuautla noma ngomgwaqo iChalco-Amecameca. Kowokuqala, kufanele ufike ngasenyakatho kweCuautla bese ulibhekisa ngaseYecapixtla. Elesibili lihamba ngqo ngemuva kwekhilomitha nohhafu phakathi komgwaqo omkhulu wedolobha kanye nedolobha, okuthe ithempeli lalo lingabonakala ngaphambi kokufika ku-cruise.
Indawo ithule kakhulu futhi ayinamahhotela noma izindawo zokudlela, yize lezi zakamuva zigcwele endleleni.
Umthombo: IMexico engaziwa No. 319 / Septhemba 2003
