Lesi sigodlo kwakuyikolishi lokuqala lezithunywa zevangeli eMelika
"Phumela emhlabeni uphethe izimbaqa ezandleni zakho, umemezele ukuthi iNkathi yothando, injabulo nokuthula iyeza maduze." Lawa ngamazwi uPapa Innocent III awakhuluma ngawo noFrancis wase-Assisi ukuthi azivumele ukuthi aqhubeke nomsebenzi wakhe wobuvangeli emhlabeni wonke. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-oda lamaFranciscan lashiya uphawu ezindaweni eziningi, njengesigodlo se-Holy Cross, esisedolobheni laseQuerétaro.
Ngaphambi kokuba abavangeli bafike eQuerétaro, leyo ndawo yezwe yayihlala amaChichimecas. Inqubo enzima yekoloni yakhiqiza izimpi ukuvikela insimu namasiko, futhi yaphetha ekuseni kakhulu ngoJulayi 25, 1531, egqumeni lase-El Sangremal. Ekupheleni kwempi, lapho abaseSpain bebenqoba khona, kwasungulwa isonto elincane elalinikezelwe i-Holy Cross of the Conquest.
Kuleyo ndawo, ngo-1609, kwaqala ukwakhiwa kwesigodlo esazi namuhla. Imisebenzi yaqedwa ngo-1683, lapho uFray Antonio Linaz de Jesús María, owazalelwa eMallorca, eSpain, esungula ikolishi lokuqala lezithunywa zevangeli eMelika.
Ubaba uLinaz uthole inkunzi - uphawu lokuhola lwemibhalo yobufundisi -, enikezwe uPapa Innocent XI ukudala isikhungo esisha noma ikolishi; Waqala kanjalo-ke umsebenzi awuqondisa iminyaka engamashumi amathathu, kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, okwenzeka eMadrid ngoJuni 29, 1693. Phakathi namakhulu amabili eminyaka alandelayo, izithunywa zevangeli ezazidume kakhulu, abahloli bamazwe, abahumushi, kanye nezimpucuko ezivela ezifundeni ezinkulu, njengeTexas, zaqeqeshwa emakilasini akhe. , Arizona naseMelika Ephakathi.
Ukwakhiwa okuhle kwesigodlo saseSanta Cruz kukhombisa ukubaluleka obe nakho emlandweni waseQueretaro, emkhakheni wezenkolo, owezombusazwe nowezombusazwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi sikhala sisebenze njengendawo evundile yokutshala ukholo, isiko kanye nemfundo; ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sigodlo sihlobene eduze namakhasi abalulekile omlando wezwe.
Ngo-1810, uDon Miguel Domínguez, umphathi wedolobha, waboshwa esitokisini sesigodlo saseSanta Cruz.
Ngo-1867, uMaximilian waseHabsburg wathatha isigodlo njengendlunkulu yakhe, futhi wahlala lapho izinyanga ezimbili. Umbusi akakwazanga ukumelana nengcindezelo yabakhululekile ababeholwa nguMariano Escobedo, uRamón Corona noPorfirio Díaz, futhi bazinikela ngoMeyi 15, lapho-ke, isigodlo sabekwa njengejele izinsuku ezimbili.
Phakathi kuka-1867 no-1946, lesi sakhiwo sasisebenza njengebhokisi. Le minyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa yonakala ngokwakhiwa kwayo, yathanda ukuphangwa kwefenisha ngendlela ehlelekile, imisebenzi yobuciko yezithombe, futhi nomtapo wayo wezincwadi wanyamalala.
I-AQUEDUCT KANYE NEKHOLELELE LA LA SANTA CRUZ
NgoDisemba 1796, kwaqala ukwakhiwa komsele wamanzi iQuerétaro. Ukufeza lokhu, uDon Juan Antonio de Urrutia Arana, umphathi we-oda lika-Alcántara noMarquis wase-Villa del Villar del Águila, unikele ngamaphesenti angama-66.5 endleko. Amaphesenti angama-33 asele aqoqwa ngumphakathi jikelele, "abampofu nabacebile, kanye nomuntu ovela eColegio de la Santa Cruz, isikhuthazo esisebenza emsebenzini" nezimali zedolobha. Izandla zikaChichimeca no-Otomi bazinikele ekwakheni umsebenzi odumile, owaphothulwa ngo-1738.
Umsele wamanzi unobude obungamamitha ayi-8,932, okuyi-4,180 yawo ingaphansi komhlaba. Ukuphakama kwayo okuphezulu kungama-23 m futhi inamakhothamo angama-74, okugcina kwawo kwaholela egcekeni lesigodlo. Namuhla siyabona, kulelo patio efanayo, ama-sundials ngamunye ahloselwe ukusebenza ezinkathini ezahlukahlukene zonyaka.
Izindonga zalesi sigodlo zakhiwe ngamatshe abambelele ngenhlanganisela yelamula nejusi le-maguey.
UKRISTU OBANGISWE
Ukubuyiselwa kwesigodlo, okwenziwe emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kwenze ukuthi kutholakale, ngo-1968, umdwebo wodonga owawufihlwe ngaphansi kwentuthu.
I-fresco ngokusobala yadwetshwa ngekhulu le-18 ngumculi ongaziwa, futhi iveza isithombe sikaKristu nomuzi waseJerusalema. Itholakala egumbini elibizwa nge- "cell of Christ" futhi inamamaki amancane abonakala njengamanxeba enhlamvu, mhlawumbe abangelwa amasosha adakiwe lapho evivinya inhloso yawo ngomsebenzi njengethagethi.
ISIHLAHLA SESIPHAMBANO
Engadini yesigodlo kukhona umuthi ongavamile, odumo lwawo ludlule izwe lesayensi: isihlahla seziphambano.
Ayikhiqizi izimbali noma izithelo, inamaqabunga amancane nochungechunge lwameva amise okweqanda. Isiphambano ngasinye, naso, siveza ameva amathathu amancane alingisa izipikili zokubethelwa.
Inganekwane isitshela ukuthi isithunywa sevangeli u-Antonio de Margil de Jesús wabethela abasebenzi bakhe engadini futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sabuyela emuva saba yisihlahla namuhla esingabonakala njengomkhiqizo oyingqayizivele wemvelo.
Esinye isici futhi ukuthi izingadi zezindela zibonakala zinamakhophi amaningi esihlahla sesiphambano; nokho ingumuntu onezimpande ezimila ngokuzimela. Ososayensi abake babona lesi sihlahla basifaka emndenini wama-mimosa.
Lesi sikhumbuzo sokwakha, ngaphezu kokuba yisidingo sabavakashi, sinikeza isifundo esimnandi ngempilo yesigodlo nomlando waseQueretaro.
UMA UYA EMHLANGANWENI WESANTA CRUZ
Kusuka esifundeni saseFederal, thatha umgwaqo omkhulu no. 57 kuye eQuerétaro. EQuerétaro iya esikhungweni sezomlando sedolobha. Emigwaqweni yase-Independencia naseFelipe Luna kumi iConvent yeSanta Cruz.
Umthombo: Engaziwa iMexico No. 235 / Septhemba 1996
