Enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu eMexico yethu engaziwa ngokungangabazeki i-Angel de la Guarda Island. Esendaweni yoLwandle lwaseCortez, kunamakhilomitha angama-895, isiqhingi sesibili ngobukhulu kulolu lwandle.
Yakhiwa iqembu elikhulu lezintaba elivela olwandle, futhi lifinyelela ekuphakameni kwalo okuphezulu (amamitha ayi-1315 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle) eduze nenyakatho eyedlulele. Indawo emangelengele idala ukuhlukahluka okungacabangeki kwamathafa amahle, lapho kutholakala khona amathoni we-sepia ngenxa yokushuba kwendawo.
Isendaweni nje engama-33 km enyakatho-mpumalanga yedolobha laseBahía de los Ángeles, eBaja California, ihlukaniswe nezwekazi yiCanal de Ballenas ejulile, enobubanzi obungamakhilomitha ayi-13 engxenyeni yayo encane, futhi ibonakala nge ukuba khona njalo kwemikhomo ehlukene, okuvame kakhulu kuyo whale fin noma whale fin (Balenoptera physalus) edlulwa ngosayizi whale blue; yingakho le ngxenye yolwandle yaziwa njengeChannel of Whales. Ingcebo enkulu yala manzi ivumela inani lezi zilwane zasolwandle ezinkulu ukuba zibe khona, okuthi onyakeni wonke zondle futhi zizalane ngaphandle kokufuduka ziyofuna ukudla, njengakwezinye izifunda.
Kuvamile futhi nokubuka amaqembu amakhulu amahlengethwa ahlukahlukene asondela ngasogwini lwalesi siqhingi; izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu, lezo zehlengethwa elivamile (i-Delphinus delphis), libonakala ngokwakha imihlambi emikhulu yezilwane; Kukhona ne-bottlenose dolphin (iTursiops truncatus), okuyiyona ejabulisa izivakashi ze-dolphinarium ngama-acrobatics ayo. Lezi zokugcina mhlawumbe ziyiqembu elihlala khona.
Ingonyama yasolwandle ejwayelekile (iZalophus californianus) ingesinye sezivakashi ezivelele zeNgelosi yeGuard. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngenkathi yokuzala inani lalezi zilwane limele u-12% wengqikithi ekhona eGulf of California yonke. Zisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi emigodini emibili emikhulu yezimpisi: iLos Cantiles, esenyakatho-mpumalanga eyedlulele, ehlanganisa cishe izilwane eziyi-1,100, neLos Machos, lapho kubhaliswe khona abantu abangafika ku-1600, etholakala maphakathi nendawo OGwini olusentshonalanga.
Ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala kulesi siqhingi amagundane, izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zamagundane namalulwane; Akwaziwa noma lezi zokugcina zihlala unyaka wonke noma uma zihlala kuphela isizini ethile. Ungathola futhi izinhlobo ezihlukene eziyi-15 zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, kufaka phakathi ama-subspecies amabili ama-rattlesnake adumile (igama elichaza izinto ezihlukile zendawo), i-rattlesnake enamabala (Crotalus michaelis angelensis) ne-red rattlesnake (Crotalus) i-ruber angelensis).
I-Ángel de la Guarda futhi iyindawo esezulwini yabathandi bezinyoni, abangathola inqwaba yazo lapho. Phakathi kwalabo abaheha ukunaka ngobuhle babo singabala ospreys, hummingbirds, izikhova, amagwababa, ama-boobies nama-pelican.
Izazi zezitshalo zinganelisa nokuthanda kwakho okudingayo, ngoba isibalo esikhulu sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu ogwadule lweSonoran singabonwa, hhayi lokho kuphela: isiqhingi sinezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezikhethekile.
Kubonakala sengathi umuntu akakaze aphile unomphela eGuardian Angel; ukuba khona kwamaSeris futhi mhlawumbe amaCochimíes kwakukhawulelwe ekuhambeleni okufushane ukuzingela nokuqoqa izitshalo. Ngo-1539 uCaptain Francisco de Ulloa wafika e-lngel de la Guarda, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kwakungamukeleki kangako akuzange kube khona mizamo yakamuva yokwenziwa kwamakoloni.
Ukulalela amahemuhemu okuthi imililo yomlilo iyabonakala esiqhingini, ngo-1965 amaJesuit Wenceslao Link (umsunguli we-San Francisco de Borja mission) ahamba ogwini lwawo, kodwa angazitholi izifiki noma umkhondo wazo, owathi wabangelwa ukungabi namanzi , angazange azame ukungena nokwazi isiqhingi kangcono.
Kusukela maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka le ndawo ibihlala abadobi nabazingeli okwesikhashana. Ngo-1880, amabhubesi olwandle ayesevele exhashazwa kakhulu, ukuthola uwoyela, isikhumba nenyama. Eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha, kwakhishwa uwoyela wezilwane kuphela, ngenhloso eyodwa yokuhluza uwoyela wesibindi koshaka, ukuze u-80% wesilwane uchitheke, futhi kwenza izimpisi ezizingelayo zaba isenzo esingenangqondo nesingenasidingo.
Njengamanje, amakamu abadobi bekhukhamba basolwandle asungulwe okwesikhashana, kanye nabadobi bezinhlanzi zoshaka nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Njengoba abanye babo bengabazi ubungozi obumele lokhu kulondolozwa kwalezi zinhlobo, bazingela izimpisi ukuze bazisebenzise njengesicupho, kanti abanye babeka amanetha abo ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona ukugcwala kakhulu kwezilwane, okwenza zibhajwe. futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kunenani eliphezulu lokufa kwabantu.
Njengamanje, inani lezikebhe "ezinabadobi bezemidlalo" selikhuphukile, abama esiqhingini ukuze balazi futhi babhekisise namabhubesi asolwandle, okungathi uma engalawulwa, aphazamise indlela yokuzala yalezi zilwane esikhathini esizayo futhi aholele kuthinta inani labantu.
Abanye abavakashela njalo e-lngel de la Guarda yiqembu labaphenyi kanye nabafundi abavela eMarine Mammal Laboratory yeFakhalthi Yezesayensi ye-UNAM, abathi kusukela ngo-1985 benza izifundo zamabhubesi olwandle, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti, njengoba isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kabusha kwayo. Futhi hhayi lokho kuphela, kepha ngosizo olubalulekile lweNavy Mexican bandise uphenyo lwalezi zilwane eziqhingini ezihlukene zoLwandle lwaseCortez.
Muva nje, futhi ngenxa yokubaluleka kwalezi zimvelo, i-Angel de la Guarda Island Biosphere Reserve yamenyezelwa. Lesi sinyathelo sokuqala besibaluleke kakhulu, kepha akusona ukuphela kwesixazululo, ngoba futhi kuyadingeka ukwenza izinyathelo ezisheshayo njengokulawula nokugcina imikhumbi; izinhlelo zokusetshenziswa okufanele kwezinsiza zokudoba, njll. Kodwa-ke, isixazululo akusikhona ukuxazulula izinkinga, kepha ukuvimbela zona ngemfundo, kanye nokukhuthaza ucwaningo lwesayensi ukuxhasa ukuphathwa okufanele kwalezi zinsiza ezibalulekile.
Umthombo: IMexico engaziwa engu-226 / Disemba 1995
