Eminyakeni eminingi ngibe nenhlanhla yokukwazi ukuhlola nokuhambela izindawo eziningi ezingakaze zivakashelwe ngumuntu.
Lezi zindawo zazihlala zingaphansi komhlaba nomgodi ongelamkhawulo okwathi, ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwabo kanye nobunzima bokuzifinyelela, zahlala zinjalo; kodwa ngolunye usuku ngazibuza ukuthi ngabe kuzoba khona indawo yezintombi ezweni lakithi eyayingeyona eyangaphansi komhlaba futhi eyayimangalisa. Ngokushesha impendulo yafika kimi.
Eminyakeni ethile edlule, ngifunda incwadi kaFernando Jordán i-El Otro México, ekhuluma ngeBaja California, ngathola isitatimende esilandelayo: impophoma ebabazekayo ngokuphakama kwayo. Ziyi-900 m ncamashi ”.
Selokhu ngafunda le ncwajana, bengikhathazekile ngokuthi ungubani ngempela lo mpophoma. Kwakungangabazeki ukuthi bambalwa kakhulu abantu ababazi ngaye, ngoba akekho owaziyo ukungitshela noma yini, futhi ezincwadini ngathola kuphela ireferensi yeJordani.
Ngenkathi mina noCarlos Rangel senza ukunyuka kweBaja California ngo-1989 (bheka iMexico Desconocido, Nos. 159, 160 no-161), enye yezinjongo esazibekela yona ukuthola le mpophoma. Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi walowo nyaka safinyelela lapho iJordani yayikhona eminyakeni engama-40 eyedlule, futhi sathola udonga oluhle kakhulu lwegranite esalubala ukuthi luzophakama lubheke phezulu nge-1 km. Umfudlana wehla usuka ephasishini wenza izimpophoma ezintathu ezibalelwa ku-10 m bese kuthi ipasi lijike ngakwesobunxele lize phezulu ngesivinini esisheshayo, bese elahleka. Ukuze uyilandele, bekufanele ube ngumqali oncomekayo futhi ube nemishini eminingi, futhi njengoba besingayithathi ngaleso sikhathi, sayeka ukukhuphuka. Ebheke odongeni, iningi lendawo okwehla ngayo umfula belingabonakali, ngoba ligudla phambili kunamadwala; ukuphakama okuphezulu kakhulu kuphela okungamamitha ayi-600, 700 noma ngaphezulu kwakunenye impophoma eyayingaze ihlukaniswe. Ngokuqinisekile uJordán wayibona impophoma evela phezulu nangaphansi futhi wangakwazi nokubuka indawo evulekile, ngakho-ke wacabanga ukuthi kuzoba nempophoma enkulu engama-900 m. Abafuyi bendawo basabiza ukuthi kuvule i- “Chorro Canyon”, futhi kuleso senzakalo safinyelela echibini elihle lapho impophoma yokugcina iwela khona.
UKUNGENA KWOKUQALA
Ngo-Ephreli 1990 nginqume ukuqhubeka nokuhlola isiza ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela engaphakathi kweChorro Canyon. Ngaleso sikhathi ngahlela umkhankaso ngenhla engenhla yomhosha, lapho uLorenzo Moreno, uSergio Murillo, u-Esteban Luviano, uDora Valenzuela, u-Esperanza Anzar kanye neseva babamba iqhaza.
Sisuke e-Ensenada sakhuphukela ebangeni lezintaba iSan Pedro Mártir ngomgwaqo owubhuqu oya esikhungweni sezinkanyezi se-UNAM. Sishiya imoto yethu endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi yiLa Tasajera futhi kule ndawo efanayo sikanise. Ngehora lesishiyagalolunye ekuseni ngakusasa saqala uhambo lokuya emthonjeni womfudlana weChorro ngesigodi esihle esibizwa ngeLa Grulla, esizungezwe izihlahla zikaphayini futhi asinikezi umuzwa wokuba seBaja California. Lapha umfudlana weChorro uzalelwa emithonjeni eminingana, esiqhubeka ngayo ngezikhathi ezithile sizungeze uhlaza oluminyene futhi kwesinye isikhathi sigxume phakathi kwamatshe. Ebusuku sasimisa amatende endaweni esiyibiza nge- “Piedra Tinaco” futhi yize ukuhamba kwakunzima, sakujabulela kakhulu ukubukwa komhlaba nokubukwa okugcwele kwezitshalo nezilwane.
Ngakusasa siqhubeka nohambo. Ngokushesha, lo mfula washiya ijubane eliyisidina eCrane futhi waqala ukukhombisa ama-rapids awo okuqala nezimpophoma, okwaphoqa ukuthi sithambekele phakathi kwamagquma azungezile, ayekhathaza ngenxa yama-rameríos aminyene nelanga elisindayo. Ngehora lesithathu ntambama impophoma engamamitha ayi-15 isisiphoqe ukuba sijike isikhathi esingangehora. Kwakucishe kube mnyama lapho sikanise ngasemfudlaneni, kepha sasinaso isikhathi sokubamba izinhlanzi ezithile zasolwandle esidlweni sakusihlwa.
Ngosuku lwesithathu lokuhamba izintaba saqala lo msebenzi ngo-8: 30 ekuseni, kwathi ngemuva kwesikhashana safika endaweni lapho ama-rapids nezimpophoma ezincane zilandelana khona futhi zakha amachibi amahle lapho sama khona ukubhukuda. Kusukela kuleli phuzu, umfudlana waqala ukugcwala futhi amaphayini acishe anyamalala anikeze ama-alders, ama-poplar nama-oki. Kwezinye izingxenye kwakukhona amabhlogo amakhulu wegranite lapho amanzi ayelahlekile khona, akha ezinye izindlela ezingaphansi komhlaba nezimpophoma. Kwakuyihora le-11 lapho sifika ngaphambi kwempophoma eyi-6 m esasingakwazi ukuyijika, ngisho nangaphezu kwamagquma, ngoba lapha lo mfula ugcwala ngokuphelele futhi uqala ukwehla kwawo omile. Njengoba singalethanga ikhebuli noma okokusebenza ukuzokhumbula kabusha, kulapho sifika khona. Ngalesi sikhathi sayibiza ngokuthi "yiNhloko yoKhozi" ngenxa yedwala elikhulu elaligqame buqamama futhi lalibonakala linaleso simo.
Ngesikhathi sokubuya sithatha ithuba lokuhlola eminye yemifudlana eseceleni kweChorro Canyon, sihlole imigede eminingana futhi sivakashele ezinye izigodi eziseduze neLa Grulla, njengaleyo ebizwa ngeLa Encantada, okuyisimanga seqiniso.
INDIZA
NgoJanuwari 1991, mina nomngane wami uPedro Valencia sahamba ngendiza phezu kweSierra de San Pedro Mártir. Nganginentshisekelo yokubuka iChorro Canyon esemoyeni ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhlola okwangaphakathi kwayo. Sahamba ngaphezu kwezintaba eziningi futhi ngakwazi ukuthatha isithombe somhosha futhi ngabona ukuthi umi mpo. Kamuva ngakwazi ukuthola uchungechunge lwezithombe zasemoyeni abanye ososayensi base-Ensenada abazithwebula futhi ngakwazi ukudweba imephu yesikhashana yale ndawo. Okwamanje bengingangabazi ukuthi akekho umuntu owake wangena eChorro Canyon. Ngokuhlaziywa kwezithombe zasemoyeni kanye nendiza engiyenzileyo, ngabona ukuthi njengoba nje sasesithuthukile kulapho kuqala ingxenye eqondile; ukusuka lapho umfula wehlela cishe ku-1 km ngaphansi kwe-1 km ngokuvundlile, kuze kufike lapho mina noRangel safinyelela khona ngo-1989, okuwukuthi, isisekelo senkabazwe.
UKUNGENA KWESIBILI
Ngo-Ephreli 1991 uJesús Ibarra, u-Esperanza Anzar, uLuis Guzmán, u-Esteban Luviano Renato Mascorro nami sabuyela ezintabeni ukuyoqhubeka nokuhlola iCanyon. Sasinemishini eminingi futhi sasilayishwe impela ngoba inhloso yethu kwakuwukuhlala kule ndawo izinsuku ezingaphezulu kwezingu-10. Silethe i-altimeter silinganise ukuphakama kwezindawo ezibalulekile lapho sidlule khona. Isigodi iGrulla singamamitha angu-2,073 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle kanti iPiedra del Tinaco ingamamitha ayi-1,966 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Ngosuku lwesithathu kusenesikhathi safika eNhloko yoKhozi (ngamamitha ayi-1,524 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle) lapho samisa khona ikamu eliyisisekelo saze sazihlukanisa saba ngamaqembu amabili ukuze sidlulele phambili. Elinye lamaqembu laliyovula umzila bese elinye lenza i- “cherpa”, okusho ukuthi, babephatha ukudla, amasaka okulala nezinye izinto zokusebenza.
Lapho ikamu selimisiwe, sahlukana saqhubeka nokuhlola. Kuhlonyiswe iqembu empophomeni ebikade ilindile ngonyaka odlule; ine iconsi elingu-6 m. Ebangeni elingamamitha ambalwa ukusuka lapho, sifika eqenjini elikhulu lamabhulokhi amakhulu amakhulu, umkhiqizo wokudilika kweminyaka eyinkulungwane, okuvimba umfudlana futhi kubangele ukuthi amanzi ahlunge phakathi kwemigodi edwaleni, futhi ngaphakathi kwawo akha izimpophoma namachibi okuthi, noma ezincane, zinobuhle obukhulu. Kamuva sakhuphuka ngebhulokhi enkulu kwesokudla futhi salungiselela ukwehla isibhamu sesibili sokuwa okungaba ngamamitha ayi-15 okwaphela lapho amanzi omfula aphuma khona ngamandla amakhulu emzileni wawo ongaphansi komhlaba.
Saqhubeka nokuthuthuka kwethu futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana sifike empophomeni enkulu kakhulu kunalezo ebesizibonile kuze kube yileso sikhathi (amamitha angama-30), lapho amanzi ewela khona ngokuphelele emhosheni bese ehlela ngeziqubu ezine echibini elikhulu. Njengoba yayingekho indlela yokuyigwema futhi kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuthi ikhunjulwe ngqo kuyo ngenxa yamandla amakhulu amanzi ayewaphethe, sanquma ukukhuphuka kolunye lwezindonga size sifike lapho sasingehla khona ngaphandle kwezingozi. Kodwa-ke, kwase kuhlwile, ngakho-ke sanquma ukumisa amatende futhi sishiye ukwehla siye ngakusasa. Le mpophoma siyibiza ngokuthi "Amakhethini amane" ngenxa yokuma kwawo.
Ngakusasa, mina noLuis Guzmán sehla ngomngcele ongakwesokudla somhosha, savula umzila owawusivumela ukuba sigweme kalula impophoma. Kusuka ngezansi kweqa kwabukeka kukuhle futhi kwakheka ichibi elikhulu. Yindawo enhle kakhulu futhi ebabazekayo evelele ezindaweni ezomile zaseBaja California.
Siqhubeke ukwehla futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi safika kwenye impophoma lapho kwakudingeka ukufaka enye ikhebuli engaba yi-15 m. Le ngxenye siyibiza ngokuthi "i-Collapse II", ngoba nayo ingumphumela wokuwa kwakudala, futhi amatshe avimba umhosha okwenza amanzi omfula aphakame futhi anyamalale kaningana phakathi kwezikhala. Phansi kunechibi elikhulu futhi elihle esilibiza ngokuthi “Cascada de Adán” ngoba uChuy Ibarra wakhumula wageza ngamanzi amnandi kulo.
Ngemuva kokuphumula nokujabula ngale ndawo ekude, saqhubeka sehla phakathi kwamabhulokhi amatshe, amachibi, ama-rapids nezimpophoma ezimfushane. Ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuba siqale ukuhamba ngohlobo oluthile lomsele futhi umfudlana waqala ukuhlala phansi, ngakho-ke kwadingeka sithole indawo yokwehla, futhi sayithola ngodonga oluhle olwehla mpo cishe ngamamitha angama-25. Ngezansi kwalesi shaft, umfudlana ushibilika ngokushelela phezu kwesilebhu segwadle esime kahle, sibushelelezi. Le ndawo siyibiza ngokuthi "i-El Lavadero", ngoba sibone kuwumqondo wokuwasha izingubo ngokuziqopha etsheni. Ngemuva kweLavadero, sathola igebe elincane elingu-5 m, empeleni okwakuyindlela yokubamba ngesandla ukugwema ukudlula okunzima ngokuphepha okukhulu. Ngezansi kwalokhu sakanisa endaweni enhle enesihlabathi.
Ngakusasa savuka ngo-6: 30 A.M. futhi siyaqhubeka nokwehla. Ebangeni elifushane sithole omunye umgodi omncane olinganiselwa ku-4 m futhi sawehlisa ngokushesha. Ngokuqhubekayo safika empophomeni enhle cishe nge-12 noma i-15 m ukuphakama ewele echibini elihle. Sizamile ukwehla ngasohlangothini lwesobunxele, kodwa leso sibhamu basiholele ngqo echibini, ebelibukeka lijulile, ngakho-ke sibheke enye indlela. Ngakwesokudla sithola esinye isibhamu, esisihlukanisa sibe izingxenye ezimbili ukugwema ukufinyelela emanzini. Ingxenye yokuqala ukuwa ngamamitha ayi-10 onqenqemeni olunethezekile, bese kuthi eyesibili ibe ngamamitha ayi-15 iye kwelinye lamachibi echibi. Impophoma inetshe elikhulu phakathi elihlukanisa amanzi abe yizimpophoma ezimbili futhi ngenxa yalokhu sayiqamba ngokuthi “iTwin Waterfall”.
Ngokushesha ngemuva kwechibi leTwin House, enye impophoma iyaqala, esilinganisela ukuthi yehle ngo-50 m. Njengoba sasingenakwehlela ngqo kuso, kwakudingeka senze imigwaqo eyeqisayo eminingana futhi sikhuphuke ukuze siyigweme. Kodwa-ke, ikhebula lase liphelile futhi intuthuko yethu yaphazamiseka. Sibone ukuthi ngaphansi kwale mpophoma yokugcina bekukhona okungenani ezinye ezimbili, futhi ezinkulu, futhi ebesekude kakhulu ngezansi komhosha ubuzungeza ngokwehla kwawo, futhi yize besingasaboni ngaphesheya, saqaphela ukuthi wawumi mpo ngokuphelele.
Sasijabule kakhulu ngomphumela walokhu kuhlola, futhi nangaphambi kokuba siqale ukubuya saqala ukuhlela ukungena okulandelayo. Sabuya kancane kancane sithatha ikhebuli nemishini, futhi njengoba besihlela ukubuya maduze, sayishiya ifihliwe emihumeni eminingi endleleni.
UKUNGENA KWESITHATHU
Ngo-Okthoba olandelayo sabuya: sasinguPablo Medina, u-Angélica de León, uJosé Luis Soto, uRenato Mascorro, u-Esteban Luviano, uJesús Ibarra kanye nalowo obhala lokhu. Ngaphezu kwemishini ebesivele siyishiyile, sithwale ikhebula elingaphezulu kwamamitha angama-200 nokudla cishe izinsuku eziyi-15. Ojosaka bethu balayishwa phezulu kanti into embi ngale ndawo emangelengele futhi engafinyeleleki ukuthi umuntu akanakho ukukhetha ukusebenzisa izimbongolo noma iminyuzi.
Kusithathe cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu ukufinyelela iphuzu lokugcina kusengaphambili ekuhloleni kwangaphambilini, futhi ngokungafani nesikhathi sokugcina lapho sasishiya amakhebuli, manje besesiwathatha, okungukuthi, besingasenalo ithuba lokubuya lapho sifike khona. Kodwa-ke, besinethemba lokuluqedela lolu hambo, njengoba sibala ukuthi ekuhloleni kwangaphambilini besesiphothule u-80% wohambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sasinekhebula elingu-600 m, elisivumela ukuthi sihlukane ngamaqembu amathathu futhi sibe nokuzimela okukhulu.
Ekuseni ngo-Okthoba 24, besingaphezu nje kwempophoma ebesingakwazanga ukwehla ngesikhathi esedlule. Ukwehla kwalesi sibhamu kuveze izinkinga eziningana, ngoba ukuwa kungamamitha angama-60 futhi akwehli mpo phezu kwerempu, kepha njengoba amanzi ayemaningi futhi ehla kanzima kwakuyingozi ukuzama ukwehlela lapho futhi sakhetha ukuthola indlela ephephile . 15 m ekwehleni, senze umqansa omncane odongeni ukuze siphambukise ikhebula empophomeni futhi silimise kabusha phezu komsele. 10 m phambili phansi safika onqenqemeni lapho izimila zaziminyene khona kwenza ukuthi ukuhamba kwethu kube nzima. Kuze kube yileyongxenye sehle cishe ngamamitha angama-30 futhi kamuva, sisuka edwaleni elikhulu, sehla ngamamitha ama-5 ngaphezulu futhi sahamba senyuka saya esinyathelweni esikhulu samatshe lapho besingabona khona, okuthe ukuqhela futhi kude ezansi, lapho kuhlangana khona umsele waseChorro nomfula iSan Antonio. , okungukuthi, ukuphela komhosha. Ekupheleni kwalokhu kuwa, esikubiza ngokuthi "del Fauno", kukhona ichibi elihle futhi cishe amamitha ayi-8 ngaphambi kokufinyelela kulo, amanzi adlula ngaphansi kwetshe elikhulu elinamadwala okunika isithombe sokuthi umfudlana uvela idwala.
Ngemuva kwe- "Cascada del Fauno", sithola indawo encane kodwa enhle yama-rapids esiyibhabhadisa njenge- "Lavadero II", bese kuba yimpophoma encane, eneconsi elingaba yi-6 m. Ngokushesha kwafika amanye ama-rapids kwabe sekukhishwa impophoma enkulu, esasingayiboni kahle ngalolo suku ngoba kwase kuhlwile, kepha sabala ukuthi izodlula u-5o m wokuwa kwamahhala. Lesi sibhabhadise njenge "Star Waterfall" ngoba kuze kube yileso sikhathi bekuyinhle kunazo zonke esake sazibona.
Ngo-Okthoba 25 sanquma ukuphumula, savuka kwaze kwaba ngu-11 ekuseni sayobona ukuwa. Ngokukhanya okuhle singabona ukuthi i- "Cascada Estrella" ingahle iwele ngama-60 m. Ntambama ngalolo suku saqala ukuhamba ngokwehla ngasodongeni oluqondile. Sabeka ikhebuli esalihlukanisa izikhathi ezimbalwa laze laya phakathi. Ukusuka lapho saqhubeka sihloma ngenye ikhebula, kepha, asibalanga ubude kahle futhi samiswa amamitha ambalwa ukusuka ezansi, ngakho-ke uPablo wehlela lapho ngangikhona wanginika ikhebuli ende, esingaqedela ngayo ukuncipha. Udonga lwe "Star Waterfall" lumbozwe kakhulu ngumvini omkhulu othuthukisa ubuhle bawo. Impophoma iwela echibini elihle kakhulu cishe elingama-25 m ububanzi, lapho kuvela khona enye impophoma engaba imitha eyi-10 yokuwa kwamahhala, kepha njengoba sayithanda kakhulu i- "Star Waterfall" nedamu layo, sanquma ukuhlala lapho usuku lonke. Kunesikhala esincane lapha sokukhempa, kepha-ke, sithole itshe elibutshelezi lamatshe futhi satheza izinkuni zokubasa ezinkuni ezomile ezikhukhula umfudlana okhuphukayo bese zibambeka phakathi kwamatshe nezihlahla. Ukushona kwelanga bekumangalisa, isibhakabhaka sikhombise amathoni e-orange-pink-violet futhi kwasidonsela ama-silhouettes namaphrofayili wamagquma aseduze. Ekuqaleni kobusuku izinkanyezi zivele zigcwele futhi singahlukanisa kahle indlela yobisi. Ngazizwa njengomkhumbi omkhulu ohamba endaweni yonke.
Ngomhla wama-26 savuka ekuseni futhi sehlisa ngokushesha okusalungiswa okushiwo ngenhla okwakungalethi izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngezansi kwalokhu kwehla sinamathuba amabili okwehla: ngakwesobunxele kwakumfishane, kepha sasizongena engxenyeni lapho umhosha waba mncane kakhulu futhi ujulile, futhi nganginovalo lokuthi sizofika ngqo ochungechungeni lwezimpophoma namachibi, okungenza kube nzima ukuncipha. Ngakwesokudla, isibhamu besiside, kepha amachibi azogwenywa, yize besingazi kahle ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingasivezela zona. Sikhetha okwakamuva.
Ukwehla kokuwa saya ohlangothini lwesokunene lomfudlana futhi kuvulandi omkhulu noyingozi senza isibhamu esilandelayo esingahle sibe nokuwa okungaba ngamamitha angama-25 bese siholela komunye umkhawulo. Ukusuka lapha besivele sibona ukuphela komhosha eduze kakhulu, cishe ngaphansi kwethu. Onqenqemeni lwalesi sibhamu kwakukhona uhlaza oluningi olwenza kube nzima ngathi ukuluqhuba, futhi kwakudingeka silwe sidabule imivini eminyene ukuthola izikhali ngokulandelayo.
Isibhamu sokugcina sasibukeka side. Ukuze sehlise kwakudingeka sisebenzise izintambo ezintathu esasizishiyile, futhi cishe azifikanga kithi. Ingxenye yokuqala yokwehla yayiqonde onqenqemeni oluncane lapho sabeka khona enye ikhebuli eyayisishiya onqenqemeni olubanzi, kodwa imbozwe ngokuphelele ngohlaza; Kwakungeyona futhi engaphansi kwehlathi elincane elenza kwaba nzima ngathi ukusetha ingxenye yokugcina yesibhamu. Lapho sesifake ikhebula lokugcina, lafinyelela ekugcineni komgodi, phakathi echibini lokugcina lomhosha; kulapho uCarlos Rangel nami safika khona ngo-1989. Ekugcineni sasiqedile ukuwela iChorro Canyon, impicabadala yempophoma eyi-900 m yayixazululiwe. Kwakungekho mpophoma enjalo (silinganisela ukuthi yehla ngama-724 ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi), kepha kwakukhona esinye sezimo ezibabazekayo nezingafinyeleleki eBaja California. Futhi sibe nenhlanhla yokuba ngabokuqala ukuyihlola.
Umthombo: I-Mexico engaziwa engu-215 / Januwari 1995
