Iziqhingi zaseGalapagos ziyinsimu yokuzicwilisa ezintweni eziphilayo ezingafani nezeplanethi. Ungayeki ukwenza lezi zinto eziyi-15 eziqhingini ezinhle zase-Ecuadorian.
1. Ngena bese ushayela eSanta Cruz Island
Lesi siqhingi esiqanjwe ngokuhlonipha isiphambano sobuKristu siyisihlalo senhlangano enkulu yabantu eGalapagos nasekhaya eDarwin Station, isikhungo esiyinhloko sokucwaninga kulezi ziqhingi. Kubuye kube nokuncika okuphakathi kweGalapagos Islands National Park.
Isiqhingi saseSanta Cruz sinabantu abaningi abasabekayo bofudu, ama-flamingo nama-iguana, futhi sinikeza izindawo ezinhle zokuntweza nokuntweza emanzini.
Emhlathini ongasogwini oluhle kakhulu lweTortuga Bay ungabhukuda ubuke izimfudu, ama-iguana asolwandle, izinkalankala ezinemibala ehlukahlukene noshaka bamakhorali.
2. Hlangana neCharles Darwin Research Station
Lesi siteshi besiphambili emhlabeni ngenxa ye-odyssey ebalulekile ye Solitaire George, isifanekiso sokugcina soFudu iGiant Pinta, esenqaba ngenkani ukuhlangana nezinye izilwane iminyaka engama-40, saze safa ngo-2012, saphela.
Isazi semvelo saseNgilandi esibizwa ngokuthi uCharles Darwin sichithe iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu emhlabeni eGalapagos Islands, ohambweni lwesibili lweHMS Beagle, futhi imibono yakhe ibizoba yingqophamlando kuTheory of Evolution yakhe.
Njengamanje, iDarwin Station, eseSanta Cruz Island, iyisikhungo esiyinhloko sokucwaninga ngemvelo yeGalapagos Islands.
3. Khumbula amaphayona esiQhingini saseFloreana
Ngo-1832, ngesikhathi sikahulumeni wokuqala kaJuan José Flores, i-Ecuador yathatha iziQhingi zaseGalapagos kwathi isiqhingi sesithupha ngobukhulu saqanjwa ngokuthi sihloniphe umongameli, yize sibizwa nangokuthi iSanta María, sikhumbula ikharavani kaColumbus.
Kwakuyisiqhingi sokuqala ukuhlalwa, ngumJalimane onesibindi, emulus we URobinson crusoe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhlanganisela encane yakha phambi kwePost Office Bay, eyayibizwa kanjalo ngoba amaphayona athola futhi athumele iposi ngomgqomo owawudonswa ushintshaniswa nomhlaba nasemikhunjini.
Inezindawo ezinhle zamaflamingo abomvana kanye nezimfudu zasolwandle. ECorona del Diablo, okuyisigaxa sentaba-mlilo ecwilisiwe, kunezixhobo zamakhorali ezinhlobonhlobo yemvelo ecebile.
4. Bheka ama-iguana esiQhingini saseBaltra
Isiphathimandla SaseBritish Naval, u-Lord Hugh Seymour, owashona ngo-1801, waqamba isiqhingi esingamakhilomitha-skwele angama-27 iBaltra, kepha imvelaphi yaleli gama yayiswa ethuneni lakhe. IBaltra ibizwa nangokuthi iSouth Seymour.
EBaltra yisikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu seGalapagos, esakhiwe yi-US ngesikhathi seMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhumbi yaseJalimane ayenzi ibanga elide ukuyohlasela ugu olusentshonalanga yezwe.
Manje isikhumulo sezindiza sisetshenziswa izivakashi, ezikwazi ukubona ama-iguana omhlaba ahlaba umxhwele eBaltra.
IBaltra ihlukaniswe ngamamitha ayi-150 kuphela ukusuka eSanta Cruz Island, ngumsele wamanzi acwebile lapho izikebhe zabavakashi zijikeleza khona phakathi kwamabhubesi olwandle.
5. Yazisa i-cormorant engakwazi ukundiza eFernandina
Isiqhingi esigubha inkosi yaseSpain uFernando el Catolico singesesithathu ngobukhulu futhi siyintaba-mlilo esebenzayo. Ngo-2009, intaba-mlilo ephakeme ngamamitha angu-1,494 yaqhuma, yakhipha umlotha, umusi nodaka, olwehla emithambekeni yalo lwangena olwandle.
Esiqhingini kunesiqeshana somhlaba esifinyelela olwandle olubizwa ngokuthi iPunta Espinoza, lapho kuhlangana khona ama-iguana asolwandle emakoloni amakhulu.
IFernandina yindawo yokuhlala yezidlakudla ezingandile ezingabaleki ezindizayo noma i-cormorant yaseGalapagos, isilwane esingajwayelekile esihlala eziqhingini kuphela futhi ukuphela kwaso sohlobo lwaso esilahlekelwe amandla okundiza.
6. Yima kuyo kanye inkabazwe yoMhlaba esiQhingini sase-Isabela
I-Isabel la Católica nayo inesiqhingi sayo, esikhulu kunazo zonke eziqhingini, esinamakhilomitha-skwele angama-4,588, amele ama-60% wayo yonke insimu yeGalapagos.
Yenziwe yizintaba-mlilo eziyi-6, ezinhlanu zazo ziyasebenza, ezibonakala zakha isisindo esisodwa. Intaba-mlilo ephakeme kunazo zonke kulesi siqhingi, iWolf, ingamamitha ayi-1,707 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
I-Isabela ukuphela kwesiqhingi esiqhingini esiwela umugqa we-equatorial imaginary noma "zero degrees" afanayo we-latitude.
Phakathi kwabantu bayo abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili bahlala kuma-cormorant, ama-frig anebele elibomvu, ama-boobies, ama-canaries, ama-Galapagos hawks, amajuba aseGalapagos, ama-finches, ama-flamingo, ama-turtles nama-iguana omhlaba.
U-Isabela wayeyisigebengu esibi futhi leso sikhathi sikhunjulwa nge-Wall of Tears, udonga olwakhiwa yiziboshwa.
7. Bheka okuwukuphela kolwandle oluzingela ebusuku eGenovesa Island
Amagama eziQhingi zaseGalapagos ahlobene nabalingiswa abakhulu emlandweni wokuhambela phesheya kwezilwandle futhi lesi siqhingi sihlonipha idolobha lase-Italy lapho kwakucatshangwa ukuthi uColumbus wazalelwa khona.
Inentaba maphakathi nendawo okuyiLake Arturo, enamanzi anosawoti. Kuyisiqhingi esinabantu abaningi kakhulu bezinyoni, esibizwa nangokuthi "Isiqhingi Sezinyoni".
Lapho usethafeni elibizwa ngokuthi i-El Barranco, ungabona ama-boobies anezinyawo ezibomvu, ama-boobies afihliwe, ama-lava gulls, izinkonjane, izintaka zikaDarwin, ama-petrels, amajuba kanye ne-earwig gull emangalisayo, ehlukile ngemikhuba yokuzingela ebusuku.
8. Zimangaze ngocezu lweMars eMhlabeni eRabida Island
I-Monastery yaseLa Rábida, ePalos de la Frontera, eHuelva, kwakuyindawo lapho uColumbus ahlala khona ukuhlela uhambo lwakhe lokuqala lokuya eNew World, yingakho igama lalesi siqhingi.
Kuyintabamlilo esebenzayo, engaphansi kwamakhilomitha-skwele ama-5 endaweni, futhi okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwensimbi odakeni kunika lesi siqhingi umbala waso obomvu okhetheke ngokungathi yisiqeshana separadesi iMars Emhlabeni.
Ngisho naseziQhingini ezikude zeGalapagos, ezisendaweni ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane zamakhilomitha ukusuka ezwekazini laseMelika, kunezinhlobo ezihlaselayo ezibeka engcupheni yonke inhlobo yezinto eziphilayo.
EsiQhingini iRabida, kwakudingeka kuqedwe uhlobo lwembuzi, olubhekene nokuqothulwa kwamagundane elayisi, ama-iguana kanye nezipikilisi.
9. Yazisa iArch eseDarwin Island
Lesi siqhingi esincane esingamakhilomitha-skwele nje kuphela ukuphela kwentaba-mlilo ecwilisiwe nengasekho, ekhuphuka ngamamitha ayi-165 ngaphezu kwamanzi.
Ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha ukusuka ogwini olungenamanzi kukhona isakhiwo esinamadwala esibizwa ngeDarwin Arch, esikhumbuza i-Arch of Los Cabos eBaja California Sur.
Yindawo evame ukuhanjelwa abatshuzi, inikezwe impilo yayo yasolwandle ecebile, enezikole eziminyene zezinhlanzi, izimfudu zasolwandle, amahlengethwa nemisebe yama-manta. Amanzi alo akhanga no-whale shark nethiphu emnyama.
Isiqhingi saseDarwin futhi siyindawo yokuhlala izimvu zamanzi, ama-frigates, ama-boobies, ama-furriers, ama-iguana asolwandle, ama-earwig gulls namabhubesi asolwandle.
10. Thatha isithombe se-The Pinnacle eBartolomé Island
Lesi siqhingi sibizwa ngoSir James Sulivan Bartholomew, isikhulu seBritish Navy, umngani omkhulu nomngane kaDarwin kuhambo lwakhe lwesayensi eGalapagos.
Yize kungamakhilomitha-skwele angu-1,2 kuphela, kuyikhaya lesikhumbuzo esimele kakhulu iziQhingi zaseGalapagos, i-El Pinnacle Rock, isakhiwo esingunxantathu okuyilokhu okusele kwesigaxa sentaba-mlilo sasendulo.
Esiqhingini saseBartolomé kunekoloni elikhulu le-penguin yaseGalapagos futhi abatshuzi kanye nabashushi babhukuda enkampanini yabo. Okunye okuhehayo kulesi siqhingi imibala ehlukahlukene yenhlabathi yaso, enamathoni abomvu, awolintshi, amnyama naluhlaza.
11. Bheka ukwehlukahlukana kweNyakatho yeSeymour Island
Lesi siqhingi esingamakhilomitha-skwele angu-1.9 savela ngenxa yokuqubuka kodaka lwentaba-mlilo lwangaphansi kwamanzi. Ine-airstrip eyinqamula ngobude bayo bonke.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezilwane zayo ama-booby anezinyawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-earwig gull, ama-iguana omhlaba, izingonyama zasolwandle namafriji.
Ama-iguana omhlaba aqhamuka ezibonelweni ezalethwa ngawo-1930 zisuka eBaltra Island nguCaptain G. Allan Hancock.
12. Bhukuda e-Isla Santiago
Yabhapathizwa ngokuhlonipha umphostoli waseSpain ophethe futhi obizwa nangokuthi iSan Salvador, ngemuva kwegama elinikezwe uColumbus endaweni yokuqala afike kuyo eMelika.
Kungokwesine ngosayizi phakathi kweziqhingi zalesi siqhingi futhi isimo saso sendawo siphethwe idome lentaba-mlilo enezigaxa ezincane ezizungezile.
Enye yezindawo zayo ezithakazelisa kakhulu yiSullivan Bay, enokwakheka kwamadwala okuthakazelisa kakhulu kwezindawo zokubhukuda nezindawo zokubhukuda.
13. Yima lapho kufika khona uDarwin eSan Cristóbal Island
ISan Cristóbal inesiqhingi sayo eGalapagos ngokuba umphathi wabahambi namatilosi. Iyindawo yesihlanu ngosayizi, inamakhilomitha-skwele angama-558 futhi kuyo kukhona iPuerto Baquerizo Moreno, idolobha elinabantu abangaba yizinkulungwane eziyisithupha eliyinhloko-dolobha yalesi siqhingi.
Emgodini kuhlala iLaguna del Junco, okuyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke yamanzi ahlanzekile eGalapagos. Kulesi siqhingi indawo yokuqala yomhlaba uDarwin anyathela kuyo ohambweni lwakhe oludumile futhi itshe lesikhumbuzo liyalikhumbula.
Ngaphandle kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo, lesi siqhingi sinamasimu ezithelo ezisawolintshi nekhofi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyisikhungo sama-lobster.
14. Yazi terroir ka Solitaire George e-Isla Pinta
Yilesi siqhingi esiqanjwe ngekharaveni satholwa ngo-1971 ku Solitaire George, lapho kwase kucatshangwa ukuthi izinhlobo zazo seziphelile.
Kuyisiqhingi esisenyakatho kakhulu seGalapagos futhi sinendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-60. Kwakuyikhaya lezimfudu eziningi, ezazithinteka ngenxa yokuqhuma okukhulu kwentaba-mlilo.
Njengamanje abahlala e-Isla Pinta ngama-iguana asolwandle, ama-seal seal, ama-earwig gulls, oklebe nezinye izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo.
15. Thola imfihlakalo enkulu kunazo zonke kuleli qoqo leziqhingi e-Isla Marchena
Ebizwa ngokuhlonipha u-Antonio de Marchena, isishoshovu saseLa Rábida kanye nokuzithemba okukhulu nomsekeli kaColumbus. Kuyisiqhingi sesikhombisa ngobukhulu nepharadesi labatshuzi.
Umuntu ubengeke alindele ukuhlangana "nenganekwane yasemadolobheni" eGalapagos, kepha lesi siqhingi kwakuyindawo yemfihlakalo enkulu emlandweni walezi ziqhingi.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1920, u-Eloise Wehrborn, owesifazane wase-Austrian oteketiswa ngokuthi u-Empress waseGalapagos, wayehlala eFloreana Island.
U-Eloise wayenabathandi abaningana, kufaka phakathi umJalimane ogama lakhe linguRudolf Lorenz. U-Eloise nomunye umthandi kusolwa ukuthi wabulala uLorenz, waphunyuka engenamkhondo. Isidumbu sikaLorenz satholwa simunyiswe ngokumangazayo ku-Isla Marchena. Umlotha obandayo nowentaba-mlilo wawuthanda ukumiswa kwesidumbu.
