Engxenyeni esenyakatho yeBaja California Sur yiSierra de San Francisco, indawo lapho uzothola khona imidwebo yomhume. Zitholele!
Esifundeni esisenyakatho nesifundazwe saseBaja California Sur kukhona iSierra de San Francisco, indawo lapho enye ye-nuclei ye imidwebo okuchichima kuyo yonke le ndawo.
Yilapho, ngokukhululeka okuncane, lapho ungajabulela khona i- izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zemidwebo yangemuva umgede ezisasesimweni esihle kakhulu. Intshisekelo yokuvakashela kule ndawo ekude akukhona nje kuphela emkhakheni wezamasiko nomlando walezi zimiso ezinhle kangaka zasendulo, kepha futhi nokuzicwilisa endaweni enezwe nempilo yayo ebukeka ingenabuntu njengoba inhle ngokuthula.
ISan Francisco de la Sierra ingamakhilomitha angama-37 ukusuka emgwaqeni omkhulu wokuqala eBaja California naku-80 km ukusuka edolobheni laseSan Ignacio. Lapho ungathola okusanda kuvulwa UMnyuziyamu Wendawo waseSan Ignacio neNational Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH), lapho kunikezwa khona izimvume ezidingekayo zokuvakashela eSierra de San Francisco namalungiselelo ahlelelwe ukuthola umhlahlandlela nezilwane ezidingekayo ukuvakashela isifunda. Imnyuziyamu, engithole kuyo imininingwane eminingi yalo mbiko, ingumvuthwandaba womsebenzi owenziwe iminyaka eminingana, kuma-wall murals kanye nempilo yabahluleli babo. Ibonisa izithombe ezahlukahlukene zemidwebo nendawo, futhi inikezela ngemininingwane yakamuva ngemiklamo yemivubukulo eqhubekayo namuhla. Futhi iqukethe ukumelwa okuyizinhlangothi ezintathu, ukukala, komunye wemidwebo esezindongeni ezintabeni, lapho kungenzeka khona ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukubukeka kwangempela kwemidwebo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwababhali bayo. Kungakuhle ukuthi uvakashele le mnyuziyamu ukuze uyiqonde kangcono le ndawo ngaphambi kokuba uqale uhambo.
Ukusuka eSan Ignacio ngemvume edingekayo, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise imoto yakho ngoba azikho izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi eziya eSan Francisco, kanti ukuqasha eyimfihlo kungabiza kakhulu. Umgwaqo oya eSan Francisco awugandayiwe futhi uvame ukuba sezimeni ezinzima ngemuva kwezimvula, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise imoto efanele lolu hlobo lwendawo.
Ushintsho olwenzeka kancane kancane lusuka emathafeni awugwadule luya e-sierra luhle. Ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka kungenzeka ukuthi ubone isigodi esikhulu seVizcaíno onabela emafulethini amakhulu kasawoti, eduze koLwandlekazi iPacific. Ngokuqhubeka kancane, ukusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme, ungabona umugqa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oLwandle lwaseCortez.
Idolobha elincane laseSan Francisco liyindawo yokugcina yokuthenga ukudla, kepha kuyalulekwa ukuthi ukwenze lokhu eSan Ignacio ngezizathu zamanani nokuxhaswa. Kubalulekile ukuletha amanzi asemabhodleleni njengoba kuyingozi ukuphuza amanzi agudla imifudlana embalwa.
Kanye eSan Francisco, egibele umnyuzi, ukwenyuka okuthe cwaka nokwehla kwemihosha kuqala ngasenhliziyweni yezintaba lapho kutholakala khona imidwebo. Lolu chungechunge lwezintaba luyingxenye yendawo eyaziwa njengeCentral Desert. Umgwaqo ushintsha njalo ushintshana phakathi kwamathafa, amathafa, izihosha nemifula. Izimila, ezakhiwe ikakhulukazi yizinhlobonhlobo ze-cacti, zishintsha ngendlela ethakazelisa kakhulu lapho umuntu efika ezansi kwezihosha lapho kunezimbali ezihluke kakhulu ezijabulela amanzi emifudlana efika ngezikhathi ezithile. Lapha, izihlahla zesundu zinciphile ngokulangazelela zibheke elangeni eliningi futhi kubonakala izihlahla nezihlahla ezahlukahlukene ezisizakala ngamanzi amancane akhona.
Ngemuva kwamahora amahlanu wokuhamba ufinyelela ISan Gregorio Ranch lapho kuhlala khona imindeni emibili enobungane nenhle. Ekuhlaleni kwabo isikhathi eside lapho, sebenze uhlelo olunzima lokunisela abenze ngalo imifino enhle enikeza ukukhoseliswa okumnandi emehlweni akhathele avela ezweni elihlala liwugwadule. Ungezwa amanzi egijima ngemigudu ehlukahlukene futhi unuke umhlaba omanzi. Njengoba uhambahamba, ungabona amawolintshi, i-apula, ipentshisi, umango, ipomegranati namakhiwane omkhiwane. Kukhona futhi zonke izinhlobo zamabele nezinhlamvu.
Ngokuqhubeka ngaya ezintabeni futhi ngenkathi ngithola imidwebo eseceleni, ngazama ukucabanga ukuthi impilo yalabo bantu abayimfihlakalo izoba njani, abashiya uphawu olungacimekiyo embonweni wabo womhlaba. Ngandlela thile, ubuhle bale ndawo nobunjalo bayo obumangazayo bungichazile, ngokuthula kwabo, inhlonipho kanye nokuxhumana abantu bezwe lasendulo okumele babe nakho ngemvelo yabo nokuthi bakubonisa ngomzamo omkhulu emidwebweni yabo ehlaba umxhwele.
ISIQALO
Le ndawo yayingu kuhlala abantu bolimi lwesiCochimí, abangabomndeni wakwaYumana. Babehlelwe ngamaqembu ayenemindeni engama-20 kuye kwangama-50 futhi ngokuhlanganyela bangeza phakathi kwamalungu angama-50 kuya kwangama-200. Abesifazane nezingane babehlanganyela ekuqoqeni izitshalo ezidliwayo futhi amadoda ngokuyinhloko azingela. Ubuholi beqembu babuhlala kowesilisa osekhulile, i-cacique, yize abesifazane babenendima ebalulekile enhlanganweni yomndeni neyomshado. Kwakukhona neshamane noma i-guama eyayiqondisa imikhosi kanye namasiko esizwe. Imvamisa i-cacique ne-shaman kwakungumuntu ofanayo. Ebunzimeni bobusika nentwasahlobo, izindawo ezihlala esifundeni zihlakazeke ukuze zisebenzise kangcono izinsiza eziyindlala, kwathi lapho lezi ziningi zanda nemithombo yamanzi yanda, izizwe zahlangana ukuze zenze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuziphilisa, imikhosi namasiko.
Ngaphandle kokuthi izintaba zingabonakala njengendawo engenakuhlaliseka, izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo ezikuzo zilungiselele indawo ekahle yokwakhiwa kokwehlukahlukana okukhulu kwezinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo, ezavumela ukuhlala kwamaqembu ayimizulane asenyakatho asala lapho kuze kufike izithunywa zevangeli ezingamaJesuit, ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17. Lawa maqembu ayezinikele ekuzingeleni, ekuqoqeni nasekudobeni, futhi kwakudingeka adlule ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ngokwezindawo ngokomjikelezo waminyaka yonke webhayoloji, ukufuna ukudla, izinto zokusetshenziswa namanzi. Ngakho-ke, ukwabiwa kwezinsizakusebenza ezidingekayo ukuze baphile kwakudinga ulwazi olujulile ngemvelo olwaluzobavumela ukuthi bazi ukuthi iyiphi inkathi eyayifanele kakhulu yokuhlala endaweni ethile.
IMIDWEBO YOKUQHAWULA
Ngokuhlaziywa okuhlukahlukene kokutholakele, kufaka phakathi i-pigment emidwebo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi le ndawo yahlalwa iminyaka eyi-10 000 nokuthi isiko lokudweba edwaleni laqala eminyakeni engama-4,000 edlule laqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-1650, lapho liphela. ngokufika kwezithunywa zevangeli zaseSpain. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi isitayela sokudweba asizange sibe nezinguquko ezinkulu esikhathini eside kangaka.
Isifunda sonke Le midwebo esemhumeni imele izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane zomhlaba nezasolwandle, kanye nezibalo zabantu. Okunye futhi ukuhlukahluka, ubukhulu, imibala, kanye ne-juxtaposition yazo. Izilwane zomhlaba, ezivezwe ezindaweni ezihleliwe nezinyakazayo, zifaka phakathi izinyoka, izinyoni, izinyoni, ama-cougars, izinyamazane nezimvu. Ungabona futhi nezethulo ezahlukahlukene zokuphila kwasolwandle njengemikhomo, izimfudu, imisebe yama-manta, amabhubesi olwandle nezinhlanzi. Lapho izilwane zakha ukumelwa okuphakathi komdwebo, izibalo zabantu ziyesibili futhi zivela ngezikhathi ezithile ngemuva.
Lapho izibalo zomuntu zimaphakathi zilala zijamile futhi zibheke phambili, izinyawo zikhombe phansi nangaphandle, izingalo zoluleke phezulu namakhanda awanabuso.
I- izibalo zabesifazane okuvelayo, kungahlukaniswa ngoba "banamabele" ngaphansi kwamakhwapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zazo zihlotshiswe yilokho amaJesuit okuqala akubona njengemicikilisho ye-plume esetshenziswa ngamakhosi nabathakathi bamaqembu. Ukuphakanyiswa kwalezi zibalo kukhombisa ukuthi imidwebo eqoshiwe yahlanganiswa ngokulandelana ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.
UKUSETSHENZISWA KWEZINHLUNGU ZOKUQHAWULA
Kungenzeka ukuthi umbuthano wezinkathi ezithile zonyaka (owawenzeka ngezikhathi zemvula, ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kokwindla, futhi kwaba lapho ama-guama eqondisa imikhosi nemicikilisho yomphakathi), kwakuyisikhathi esisobala nesifanele kakhulu sokukhiqizwa izithombe, ezazidlala indima enkulu empilweni yeqembu, futhi ezakhuthaza ubumbano, ukuzala kanye nokulinganisela. Ngokunjalo, ngenxa yobudlelwano babo obusondelene nemvelo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ubuciko be-rock nabo benzelwe bona indlela yokuveza ukuqonda kwabo ngomhlaba abebehlala kuwo.
Isilinganiso esikhulu nesisesidlangalaleni semidwebo esezindongeni, kanye nesimo esiphakeme ezindaweni zokukhosela ezinamadwala lapho ezinye zazo zidwecwe khona, kukhuluma nathi ngokubambisana nokuzikhandla okuhlangene kwesizwe ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, kusukela ekufezeni izingulube nokwakhiwa kwesikafula, kuze kufike lapho kwenziwa khona imidwebo. Kungenzeka ukuthi le misebenzi yenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa nokuqondiswa yisangoma, njengoba kunjalo naphakathi kwamaqembu abazingeli-abaqoqi e-United States.
Ubukhulu bemidwebo yomhume kule ndawo yesifundazwe saseBaja California Sur imele u into enezinga eliyinkimbinkimbi engavamile ukuhlangabezana nayo phakathi kwemiphakathi yabazingeli. Ngalesi sizathu, ngokubona ifa elikhulu lamasiko elatholakala lapha, ngoDisemba 1993, i-UNESCO yamemezela iSierra de San Francisco njengeNdawo yamaGugu Omhlaba.
UMA UYA ESAN IGNACIO
Ungafika lapho kusuka e-Ensenada noma kusuka eLoreto. Yomibili le mizila yenziwa ngomgwaqo omkhulu ongunombolo 1 (transpeninsular) A: omunye oseningizimu omunye ngasenyakatho. Isikhathi esivela e-Ensenada cishe singamahora ayi-10 futhi ukusuka eLoreto kuncane.
ESan Ignacio kukhona imnyuziyamu futhi ungathola ukuthi ungadla kuphi, kodwa akukho ndawo yokuhlala, ngakho-ke sikukhumbuza ukuthi uzilungiselele kahle.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kule sayithi lapho uzothola khona izindlela zokuhlela uhambo lwakho.
Uma ufika eLa Paz, ku-athikili kunombhalo wokuthi ungaphendukela kubani ukuhlela lolu hambo.
