Izinto zokuqala ezigcwalisa amehlo lapho ufika eTabasco ziluhlaza namanzi; ngaphezulu kwendiza noma emaphethelweni emigwaqo, abafundi bacabanga ngamanzi namanzi amaningi agijima phakathi kwamabhange omfula othile, noma ayingxenye yalezo zibuko zesibhakabhaka ezingamachibi namachibi.
Kulesi simo izinto zemvelo, ezinye izazi zefilosofi ezingamaGrikhi ezathi ukuqala komhlaba zinamandla amakhulu. Uma kukhulunywa ngomlilo, kukhona ilanga legolide, elithi ngaphandle kwesihe nesihe lichitheke futhi lisabalale livela emazulwini aphezulu emasimini naseshidi, i-guano, ithayela, i-asbestosi noma uphahla lukasimende emadolobheni, emadolobhaneni noma emadolobheni I-Tabasco.
Uma sikhuluma ngomoya, ubuye ubonakale nokukhanya kwawo okukhanyayo nobukhali. Kunamakhulu ezinhlobo zezinyoni ezindiza kuwo, kusuka emajuba kuya kokhozi nokhozi. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi lo moya uba yisiphepho, isiphepho noma imimoya enamandla eshisayo ehlasela izakhamizi ezihlala ngokudoba osebeni lweGulf of Mexico noma osebeni lwemifula i-Usumacinta, iGrijalva, iSan Pedro, ISan Pablo, uCarrizal nabanye abakhonze, ngesikhathi esikude kakhulu, njengezindlela zokuxhumana kuphela.
Ngalesi sizathu, ngenkathi uHernán Cortés efika endaweni manje eyiCoatzacoalcos ekupheleni kuka-1524, esendleleni eya eLas Hibueras (Honduras), wabiza izinduna zaseTabasco ukumtshela ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono yokufika kuleyo ndawo, baphendula ngokuthi babazi kuphela umzila ngamanzi.
Eqinisweni, akulona ihaba ukusho ukuthi le nto iyasihlasela yonke indawo, hhayi kuphela emathafeni amakhulu noma ngokushibilika ezintabeni eziphakeme noma phakathi kweminyezane ewisa ngokudabukisayo amagatsha ayo kumfula wanoma yimuphi umfula, kodwa futhi nasemagagasini ulwandle oluzolile noma olunesivunguvungu, emaxhaphozini, ezindaweni zemifula ezifihlekile lapho izimpande ezisontekile zomhlume zinombuso wazo; emifudlaneni ehamba phakathi kwama-daisy, ama-tulips, imvula yegolide, ama-raspberry, ama-maculises noma izihlahla zenjoloba ezinkulu.
Kusemafwini amnyama futhi agcina zonke izivunguvungu ezingaba khona ukuba ziwaphonse emigwaqweni, lapho ezinye izingane zisadlala khona ngezikebhe zamaphepha noma zigeze phakathi kwemibani nombani; liwaphonsa emasimini asevele empofu amahlathi kanye namahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo, kodwa acebile emadlelweni asondla izinkulungwane zezinkomo ezigcwala kulesifundazwe eseningizimu mpumalanga yeMexico.
Uma sikhuluma ngengxenye yomhlaba, kufanele sibhekise emathafeni agudle ulwandle nasogwini, namathala noma amathafa asePleistocene, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke isibeletho esivundile, lapho umama womhlaba enza izimbewu zikhule ziqhume futhi zikhule zisuke kuleyo pubis encane. ubukhulu bomuthi wemango noma we-tamarind, i-apula lenkanyezi noma i-olintshi, i-apula eligadliwe noma i-soursop. Kepha umhlaba awuzali nje kuphela izihlahla ezinkulu, kepha futhi nezihlahlana ezincane nezitshalo.
Njengoba kungekho okunikezwa ngokwehlukana futhi konke kuyingxenye yesidalwa esizidalayo futhi esiziphindaphindayo ngaso sonke isikhathi, umlilo, umoya, amanzi nomhlaba kuyahlangana eTabasco ukudala izindawo ezibukeka njengepharadesi, kwesinye isikhathi ezasendle noma ezemvelo.
Futhi kunesimo sezulu esishisayo esinamazinga okushisa aphezulu nemvula enkulu evame ukuletha imimoya yezohwebo evela enyakatho-mpumalanga, okuthi lapho icindezela amanzi eGulf of Mexico kumunca umswakama futhi lapho ifika ezweni imiswa yizintaba ezisenyakatho ye I-Chiapas. Kuleli qophelo bayapholisa bese behlisa amanzi abo, kwesinye isikhathi kube yiziphepho ezishisayo ezivela eGulf noma ePacific, ngaleyo ndlela zakhe imvula enkulu yehlobo nasekwindla.
Ngalesi sizathu, komasipala abayi-17 abakha umbuso, laba abathathu abakhelene nalezi zintaba kulapho imvula inkulu khona kakhulu: iTeapa, Tlacotalpa neJalapa.
Amandla elanga, osekuvele kushiwo ngaphambili, enza amazinga okushisa abe phezulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zika-Ephreli, uMeyi, uJuni noJulayi; Lesi sikhathi sonyaka sibonakala yisikhathi sesomiso esibi kakhulu, lapho kuba khona ukunyakaza okukhulu kwezinkomo eziya ezindaweni lapho amanzi angomi ngokuphelele.
Isikhathi semvula sihlanganisa izinyanga eziqala ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi, kepha ikakhulukazi uDisemba, uJanuwari noFebhuwari. Kungenxa yalokhu okungenhla okwenza amachibi afinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu phakathi kukaSepthemba noNovemba, okuyilapho izikhukhula zenzeka khona.
Hhayi amachibi nje kuphela kepha nemifula yandisa umthamo wayo futhi iphume esiteshini sayo, okwenza abantu abahlala emabhange bashiye amakhaya abo futhi balahlekelwe yizitshalo zabo.
Kungakho eTabasco inhlabathi yakhiwa ngokuhudula izinto, ngezidumbu ezishiywa ngamanzi lapho zichichima futhi zibuyela enkambisweni yazo ejwayelekile. Umpristi uJosé Eduardo de Cárdenas, obhekwe njengembongi yokuqala yaseTabasco, wathi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 wathi “Umhlaba ovundisayo oniselwa ngemifula nemifudlana emihle unemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, futhi ingaqhathaniswa namazwe avundile ... Intwasahlobo ihlala lapho esihlalweni sayo ... "
Lesi setha sezinto: amanzi, umoya, umlilo nomhlaba, kwakha isimo lapho kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane. Singathola ehlathini lemvula elishisayo kuya ehlathini elishisayo eliphakathi nendawo, ihlathi lomhlume, i-savannah eshisayo, ukwakheka kwamabhishi nokwakheka komxhaphozi. Izilwane eziseTabasco zombili zasemanzini nasemhlabeni.
Ngaphandle kokucekelwa phansi okukhulu kwamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo nokuzingela ngokweqile nokungalawulwa obekulokhu kwehla futhi kwezinye izimo kucisha ezinye izinhlobo, sisengathola, yize kunenani elincane kunakuqala, ubuhle obuthule bezindwandwe, ukubhonga amapholi noma upholi kusihlwa, okuyindilinga, onogwaja abamehlo abomvu abasishaya ngokungazelelwe emigwaqeni noma kunoma imuphi umgwaqo, izinyamazane eziphuma ngezikhathi ezithile ngemuva kwehlathi noma izimfudu ezihamba kancane kune ukususwa ukwenza amadlelo nokushintsha unomphela ubuso bemvelo obunobungane.
Kodwa-ke, labo abavakashela umbuso basazothola okuluhlaza yonke indawo. Hhayi okuluhlaza okuvela emahlathini noma emahlathini athokozisayo ake ahlala la mazwe, kepha avela emasimini anwebeka njengezivande futhi anezinhlavu ezithile lapha noma lapho kuphela noma amaqoqo ezihlahla ezihlukanisiwe, kepha imvelo ekugcineni nasekupheleni. ikapa elihle.
Kwezinye izingxenye singakuzwa ukuhhewula kwezinkawu ekushoneni kwelanga, ingoma ecasulayo yezinyoni ekushoneni kwelanga kunoma yikuphi ukuphakama, okuluhlaza kwama-iguana emagatsheni esihlahla kanye ne-ceiba enesizungu ekhuphukela esibhakabhakeni, izama chaza izimfihlakalo zayo.
Singacabanga ngobungcweti benkosazane, ukuzola kwama-cranes noma ama-pelican kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zamadada, ama-toucans, ama-macaws, ama-buzzards kanye nalezo zinyoni ezivula amehlo phakathi nobusuku ukukhipha imisindo engajwayelekile yemisipha evusa izinkolelo-ze nokwesaba. njengesikhova nesikhova.
Kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi lapha kusekhona izingulube zasendle nezinyoka, ama-ocelots, ama-armadillos nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi ezivela kasawoti kanye namanzi amasha. Phakathi kwalokhu kunqabile kunakho konke futhi kwaziwa kakhulu esifundazweni, okuyi-alligator.
Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi uma singazi ukuthi singayinakekela futhi siyihloniphe kanjani impilo yazo zonke lezi zinhlobo, sizosala sodwa sodwa emhlabeni futhi kuzoba kuphela inkumbulo ezosala ezobuna ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nezithombe ezincwadini ama-albhamu esikole.
Okuthile okubalulekile ukwazi ngeTabasco ukuthi ihlukaniswe ngezindawo ezine eziklanywe kahle ezinezimpawu zazo. Lesi yisifunda saseLos Ríos, esakhiwe ngomasipala baseTenosique (Casa del Hilandero), Balancán (Tigre, Serpiente), Emiliano Zapata, Jonuta kanye naseCentla. Isifunda saseSierra esihlanganisa iTeapa (Río de Piedras), iTacotalpa (Izwe lokhula), iJalapa neMacuspana.
Isifunda Esimaphakathi esifaka kuphela umasipala waseVillahermosa kanye neSifunda saseChontalpa lapho singathola khona omasipala baseHuimanguillo, Cárdenas, Cunduacán (Indawo enamabhodwe), iNacajuca, Jalpa (On the sand), Paraíso neComalcalco (indlu yama-comales). Bangu-17 bomasipala sebebonke.
Esikhathini sokuqala kulezi zifunda sizothola izindawo ezihlala ziyizicaba, imvamisa amagquma asetshenziselwa amadlelo nezolimo, asengxenyeni esempumalanga yombuso; Kuyingxenye ehlangana neGuatemala, lapho uMfula i-Usumacinta ungumngcele osusekayo obeka imingcele phakathi kweMexico nezwe elingumakhelwane, kepha hhayi nje kuphela kodwa neChiapas neTabasco nge-25 km.
Kulesi sifunda amachweba agcwele futhi anoxhaxha lwemifula ebaluleke kakhulu, kusukela e-Usumacinta eshiwo ngenhla kuya eGrijalva, iSan Pedro neSan Pablo. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko imfuyo, kanye nokutshala ikhabe nelayisi.
Yindawo, ngenxa yomsebenzi ofanayo wemfuyo, lapho kwenziwa khona ushizi omuhle kakhulu esifundazweni, kepha ukudoba nakho kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi endaweni yaseCentla, eduze naseGulf of Mexico, lapho iPantanos ikhona, ayibhekanga nje kuphela ngobuhle bemvelo kodwa njengenye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zokugcina imvelo ezikhona.
Umfula i-Usumacinta
Ubhekwa njengomfula omkhulu kunayo yonke ezweni. Izalwa ethafeni eliphakeme kakhulu laseGuatemala elibizwa nge- "Los alto Cucumatanes". Izintela zayo zokuqala yi- "Río Blanco" ne- "Río Negro"; Kusukela ekuqaleni kuphawula imingcele phakathi kweMexico neGuatemala, futhi kulo lonke uhambo lwayo olude ithola ezinye izintela, phakathi kwazo kukhona imifula iLacantún, Lacanjá, Jataté, Tzaconejá, Santo Domingo, Santa Eulalia neSan Blas.
Idlula endaweni ebizwa ngeBoca del Cerro, kumasipala waseTenosique, i-Usumacinta inweba isiteshi sayo kabili futhi iba umfula ohlaba umxhwele ngempela; ukuqhubeka, esiqhingini esibizwa ngokuthi i-El Chinal imfoloko, igcina igama laso linokugeleza okukhulu kunakho konke, okuya ngasenyakatho, kanti elinye libizwa ngeSan Antonio. Ngaphambi kokuba baphinde bahlangane, umfula iPalizada uphuma e-Usumacinta, onamanzi agelezela echibini i-Terminos. Kancane kancane ezansi, imifula iSan Pedro neSan Pablo ziyahlukana.
Kamuva imfoloko ye-Usumacinta futhi ukugeleza okuvela eningizimu kuyaqhubeka, kuyilapho okusuka enyakatho kuthatha igama leSan Pedrito. Le mifula ihlangana futhi futhi ngokwenza njalo ihlanganiswa neGrijalva, endaweni ebizwa ngeTres Brazos. Ukusuka lapho bagijimela ndawonye olwandle, baye eGulf of Mexico.
