Funda kabanzi ngalezi zinyoni ezinelukuluku ...
ISIKHULU ESIKHULU SOKUPHILA KWEMOYIKI EMEXICO
IMexico ijabulela isimo esikhethekile ngokunotha kwezitshalo nezilwane, okusho ukuthi, ngokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukunikeza umbono wale mfanelo yezwe enkulu futhi ephawulekayo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseMexico iphakathi kwamazwe amahlanu anenhloko-dolobha enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. IMexico inokuhlukahluka okukhulu kakhulu kwezinhlobo zezindawo zokuhlala umhlaba, ngoba inezindawo eziyisishiyagalolunye kwezingu-11 ezaziwayo zeLatin America, futhi ngokwezifunda zebhayoloji inama-ecoregion angama-51. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukunotha kweMexico kukhulu ngokulinganayo. Izwe lisendaweni yesine emhlabeni ngenani lezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini. Yisizwe esinenani elikhulu kunazo zonke ezihuquzelayo kanye nenombolo yesibili ekunotheni kwezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle nasemhlabeni, futhi sikleliswe endaweni yeshumi nambili emhlabeni enezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zezinhlobo zezinyoni zasendle, kusukela kuzindwandwe kanye nama-cormorant kuya kuma-hummingbirds, ondlunkulu futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ama-parrot. , zopholi, parakeets kanye macaws.
I-PARROTS NEZINYONI EZIHLOBENE
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi eMexico inani lezinhlobo zezinyoni zasendle cishe lizi-1,136. Kulezi, i-10% ikhona kuphela, okusho ukuthi, ikhula kuphela ezweni lesizwe, ngakho-ke emhlabeni jikelele yiyona ebhekele okwenzekayo kuzo. kusho izinhlobo. Ngokufanayo, izinyoni ezingama-23% ezenzeka ezweni zenza okwesikhashana, okungukuthi, ziyizifuduki, izakhamuzi zasebusika noma ngengozi. Kodwa-ke, silahlekelwa yilomcebo wezinyoni eMexico wethu, futhi ngokuvamile ingcebo yawo yemvelo, ngenxa yezimbangela ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuxhashazwa okungenangqondo kwezinhlobo eziphilayo, ukungcola, ukubhujiswa kwezindawo zokwakha izidleke, ukushushiswa okuqondile, njll. . Ngeshwa, iMexico ingenye yezindawo ezinamaphesenti aphakeme kakhulu okugawulwa kwamahlathi namahlathi emhlabeni, futhi iyindawo yeshumi nanye emhlabeni nezinhlobo zezinyoni ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-71 zezinyoni, phakathi kwezinye izinkozi, ama-hummingbirds, upholi nama-macaws zisengozini yokuqothulwa eRiphabhuliki yaseMexico, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ezingama-338 zibhalwe ohlwini oluthile lwengozi yokunyamalala uma umphakathi wonkana (abantu nababusi ) aluthathi sinyathelo ukunqanda lesi simo.
IZIMPENDULO NAMASIKO EMEXICAN
Kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi kweSpanishi, opholi nezinye izinyoni ezihlobene bebeyingxenye yesiko laseMexico. Yile ndlela esiyibona ngayo ekusetshenzisweni nasekukhulekeleni okuhlukile amapholi enziwe ngaphansi kwawo. Ezikhathini zakamuva nje, lezi zivela ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene nasezingomeni ezidumile zamasiko ezifana neLa guacamaya, nguCri Cri, nezinye eziningi. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi banayo noma bangathanda ukuba nopholi, i-parakeet noma i-macaw njengesilwane esifuywayo.
Ama-Psittacines athengisiwe eMexico amakhulu eminyaka. Kunobufakazi bokuthi kusukela esikhathini samaqembu e-1100 kuya ku-1716 eNyakatho Melika, njengamaPima ase-Arizona, bashintshana ngamatshe aluhlaza ama-macaws aphilayo (ikakhulukazi aluhlaza nobomvu) namasiko aseMesoamerican. Bakhetha izinhlobo ezingavuthiwe nezisanda kwenziwa ezingafuywa kalula.
Intshisekelo ekhethekile kopholi ibilokhu ikhula kusukela ngesikhathi sokunqoba; Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungenxa yokuheha kwayo okukhulu, izimpaphe zayo ezimibalabala, ukuba nethuba lokulingisa inkulumo yomuntu nokuthambekela kwayo ekwakheni ubudlelwano obuthintekayo nabantu, izici ezibanika inani njengezilwane ezifuywayo nezinyoni zokuhlobisa. Kusukela ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha, amapholi aduma kakhulu kubantu baseMexico, ikakhulukazi njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Phakathi nekhulu lama-20, lokhu kuhwebelana okukhulu, kanye nezimoto ezingekho emthethweni (imakethe emnyama), kwaba nomphumela wokuthi phakathi kuka-1970 no-1982 iMexico yayihamba phambili ekuthumeleni izinyoni eziphilayo ezentengiselwano zezilwane ezivela emazweni aseNeotropic, ithumela isilinganiso esingu-14 Ama-parrot angama-500 aseMexico minyaka yonke aya e-United States. Ngaphezu kokuxhashazwa kwempilo yezinyoni kazwelonke, izwe lethu lidlala indima yebhuloho phakathi kweCentral neSouth America emakethe yezilwane zasendle ezingekho emthethweni, ngoba isebenzisa umngcele omkhulu ophakathi kweMexico ne-United States, lapho opholi bethakazelelwa kakhulu futhi ukufuneka okuphezulu njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ngesikhathi esivela ku-1981 kuya ku-1985, i-United States yathumela okungenani amapholi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-703; futhi nango-1987 iMexico yayiwumthombo omkhulu wokushushumbisa izinyoni zasendle.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi unyaka ngamunye cishe izinyoni eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-150, ikakhulukazi amapholi, zishushumbiswa ngomngcele osenyakatho. Lokhu ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukuthi imakethe yasekhaya yezinyoni zasendle eMexico nayo ibalulekile, ngoba kusuka ngo-1982 kuya ku-1983 amapholi angama-104,530 abanjwa eMexico abikwa emakethe yasekhaya. Njengomphumela walokhu okungenhla, inani lasendle lamapholi endaweni kazwelonke lithinteke kakhulu.
Umthombo: Engaziwa iMexico No. 317 / Julayi 2003
