ISierra de Filo de Caballo itholakala eSierra Madre del Sur, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yedolobha laseChilpancingo, esifundazweni saseGuerrero. Kuwo kunamathafa amathathu amakhulu wobukhulu obune-calcareous (ingxenye yenhlabathi eyakhiwe nge-limestone) efanelekile ekwakhiweni kwemihume, amasela nomsele, okuyinselelo emigodini efisa ukuthola izimbotshana ezintsha.
ISierra de Filo de Caballo itholakala eSierra Madre del Sur, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yedolobha laseChilpancingo, esifundazweni saseGuerrero. Kuwo kunamathafa amathathu amakhulu wobukhulu obune-calcareous (ingxenye yenhlabathi eyakhiwe nge-limestone) efanelekile ekwakhiweni kwemihume, amasela nomsele, okuyinselelo emigodini efisa ukuthola izimbotshana ezintsha.
Ngo-1998, ngenkathi efunda amashadi ezindawo kanye nezithombe zasemoyeni zale ndawo, uRamón Espinasa wabona ukuthi ukuba khona kwenqwaba yamasinki (izindawo ezisemhlabathini ezingenawo ophumayo futhi ngokuvamile zimi ngendlela efanayo) nemifula eshunqwe kungazelelwe, kuzomela amandla amahle wokuhlola. Ukwazi ukuthi alikho iqembu le-caving elalisebenza kule ndawo, wanquma ukubheka ndawonye noRuth Diamant noSergio Nuño.
Ohambweni lokuqala bahambe kuphela imigwaqo embalwa, bekwazi ukubuka nokuqinisekisa ama-sinkholes amakhulu asendaweni yaseFilo.
Kulolu hambo olulandelayo olulandelayo, lapho kunabantu abaningi nesikhathi esithe xaxa esitholakalayo, babezinikele ekufuneni nasekubekeni izimbobo nezikhala. Abakwazanga ukwehla kakhulu ngoba ukuseshwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi semvula. Njengoba kutholakala izimbotshana eziningi kuhambo ngalunye lohambo, imimoya yakhula.
Okunye okutholwe okubaluleke kakhulu kwenziwa uRamón eshadini lesimo sendawo no. I-INEGI's E1 4C27, maphakathi no-2000, lapho ibona ukucindezeleka nomfula ungena kuyo, kungaba umhume kuphela futhi, okungcono kakhulu, konke bekubonakala kukhombisa ukuthi ukuphuma kufanele kube ikhilomitha, umehluko olinganiselwa kumamitha angama-300 ukuphakama, futhi lo mfula uphinde uvuke.
Ngo-Agasti kwahlelwa ukuvakasha noRuth noGustavo Vela. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola bathole iminyango eminingi yokungena emihumeni nasezinsizeni. Zibuye zaqondiswa nge-GPS (uhlelo lokubeka umhlaba jikelele nge-satellite) ezixhumanisweni zokudangala okukhulu okuvezwe yimephu engxenyeni yokugcina yethafa eliseningizimu. Ngemuva kokuhamba ibanga elide bathatheka ukubona umnyango omkhulu wezinsalela emhumeni. Bahamba ngokucophelela behla umqansa owethulwe ngumnyango. Lapho befika ezansi bathola igumbi elikhulu. Ngaphakathi kuyo, bahamba cishe amamitha ayi-100 baze bathola umfula ogeleza usuka phakathi kwamatshe athile futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, babona ukuthi kulandelwa umhubhe omkhulu.
Ngale miphumela yokuqala, baqala ukubalwa kwezinsuku kwaze kwaphela isikhathi semvula. Kuthathe kwaze kwaqala inyanga yeshumi nanye ukuthola ukujula nebanga lalo mgede omkhulu ongakahlolwa nokuthi ngabe wawunokuphuma komunye umkhawulo wawo.
NgoNovemba 1, 2000, ngemuva kohambo lwamahora ayisishiyagalombili ukusuka eMexico City kuya emhumeni, kwafika iqembu labangu-10 be-spelunkers nayo yonke imimoya ababeyidinga ukuqala ukuhlola nokuhlola.
Bamisa ikamu eliphansi phakathi kwehlathi elijiyile. Umlilo omkhulu ufudumeza ukubukeka, imicabango kanye nezingxoxo zalokho obekulindelwe ngosuku olulandelayo.
Ekuseni amaqembu abehlelekile. Lowo enoHumberto Tachiquin (Tachi), uVíctor Chávez no-Erick Minero basala banakekela ikamu, bejabulela usuku olubalele. Amaqembu asebenzayo anqume ukuhlukanisa abe mabili ukuze enze ukwakheka komhlaba kanyekanye (okusho ukuthi, iqembu elilodwa lizoqala ukuhlola indawo, elinye liqhubeke ibanga elithile ukuze kuthi lapho elokuqala lifinyelela futhi lidlule, lishiye isikhala, lisenze lisheshe umsebenzi). Ngemuva kokuhamba ihora bafika emlonyeni womhume. Iqembu likaRamón, uRuth no-Arturo Robles liqale ngezilinganiso zehholo elikhulu, lathola isibani esibhakabhakeni lapho imisebe yelanga ingene kahle khona futhi ezoholela ekungeneni okuphezulu; baphinde babona ezinye izindonga zidilika nophahla ludilika. Khonamanjalo, iqembu likaGustavo, uJesús Reyes, uSergio noDiana Delfín baqala ngomgwaqo wokungena base beqhubeka baqonda phambili, bazinikezela ebunzini bomhubhe obalandela igumbi lokuqala.
Ngokuthambekela okuphakathi kwamadigri ayi-18 nobukhulu bamamitha angama-20 ukuphakama ngama-15 ububanzi, umhubhe uqhubeke nokwenyuka okuthile. Ukugeleza kwamanzi abandayo kwabalandela igxathu negxathu, bebawela kwesinye isikhathi.
Kancane kancane umsinga womoya wakhula kwaze kwaba yilapho le mihume eyisikhombisa ifinyelela kudubulo lokuqala ngempophoma. Babona ukuthi eceleni kwaso kunegatsha lezinto ezimbiwa phansi lapho bekungaba lula khona ukwehla ungamanzi. Ngamamitha angama-22 ukujula, isibhamu saphinde sahlanganiswa negalari yomfula.
Baqhubeka nokuhlola baze bafika echibini elingamamitha ayisishiyagalombili ubude. Kuleli, izinga lamanzi abandayo lafinyelela entanyeni yabo, ngakho-ke iningi labo lanquma ukugqoka i-wetsuit, ngaphandle kukaJesús noGustavo, ababecabanga ukuthi kungcono bakhumule izingubo zabo ngokuzifaka emakhanda abo lapho bewela ichibi ngaleyo ndlela yomisa ukuhlola. Okubasebenzele kahle kakhulu.
Ukudubula okulandelayo okungamamitha angamashumi amathathu abakutholile kwakuhlonywe ngelinye igatsha le-fossil, kusindisa impophoma kanye nechibi. Ngalolo suku banquma ukungabe besaya ezansi ngenxa yomzamo womzimba ababewenzile, ngakho-ke bazilungiselela ukubuyela ekamu ukuze baqhubeke ngakusasa.
Amaqembu amabili ahamba ngalolo suku ekuseni. Kowokuqala kwakunguGustavo, uDiana noJesús, abaqala ngezilinganiso ngemuva kwesibhamu sesibili. Umhume uqhubeke nomhubhe omkhulu wobukhulu obukhulu, unamanzi amaningi nemipheme ethile yezinsalela ezinama-stalactites nama-stalagmites akhubazeke ngokumangalisayo ngokudlula komoya. Khonamanjalo, iqembu lesibili, elenziwe nguTachi, uVíctor no-Erick, laliphambi kweqembu lokuqala, bathola ukwehla okukhulayo ngamanzi, amagumbi amaningi ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, amaparele emigede kanye nesibhamu sesithathu esinamamitha amane ukuphakama, esafinyelela kwelinye ichibi. Abanye banqume ukuyigxuma kanti abanye baphindaphinda ukuze bafike emanzini babhukude baphume.
Cishe ngemuva kwamahora ayisikhombisa beqale uhambo lolo suku, laba bantu abayisithupha abasebenza ngama-spelunkers babona ukukhanya kwelanga buqamama. Lokho kwakusho ukuthi uRamón wayeqinisile ngokubikezela ngokwendawo ukuthi kuzoba umhume ophuma okwesibili ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Ithimba likaDiana lenze isibhamu sesine ebesiphakeme ngamamitha ayisikhombisa. Lokhu kuwa nakho kwafinyelela echibini futhi kwenzeka into efanayo: abanye bagxuma abanye behla ngentambo. Injabulo yehlula wonke umuntu, njengoba kwakukhona isifiso esikhulu sokuqeda ukwakheka komhlaba nokufinyelela ekukhanyeni kosuku.
Ukuphuma, iqembu lokuqala bekufanele lifake intambo kusibhamu sesihlanu nesokugcina nokubhukuda. Ithimba likaTachi lakhuphuka egatsheni lezinsalela ukuze liyihlole futhi lithathe ukuphuma komhume wakudala, lapho amanzi ayegeleza khona eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eyedlule ngoba ingxenye engezansi yayingakhukhulwanga.
Ngemuva kokuqedwa komsebenzi, babheka umgwaqo onzima oya enkanjini (okunzima ngoba bebeyithola ngemuva kwehora) kwathi ngemuva kwamahora amabili bakhuluma nozakwabo ngemiphumela yokugcina.
Babengabokuqala bezidumbu ukuwela i- "Puente de Dios Cave-Resurgencia Cueva de la Mano". Igama balinikwa ngabantu bendawo kudala.
Ngosuku lwesine lomsebenzi, iqembu likaRamón, uRuth noSergio bahamba, balandelwa nguTachi, Jesús no-Arturo ukuqedela ukuhlola amanye amagatsha asalindile nokususa intambo. Lolu hambo lokugcina lwenziwa kusukela phansi kuya phezulu ukuze kwenziwe uhambo lomhume luhlehle.
Ekugcineni, umhume wawungamamitha angu-237.6 ukujula namamitha angu-2,785.6 ubude. Futhi yize bekungekujule kakhulu, imigudu yemabula ibonakaliswe kahle ngamanzi, ukwakheka okunamandla nokuguquguquka kwamanzi kunikeza omunye wemihume emihle kakhulu esifundazweni saseGuerrero, ohambo lwalo olungenakulibaleka.
Ngobusuku bokugcina, benelisekile ngempumelelo etholwe iqembu le-SMES (iSociedad Mexicana de Exploraciones Subterráneas) futhi benesiqiniseko sokuthi bazoqhubeka nokuhlola le ndawo ethokozisayo, bahlela ukubuyela eMexico City.
UMA UHAMBA Ihhashi EDGE
Ukushiya idolobha laseCuernavaca, thatha umgwaqo omkhulu wesifundazwe no. 95 elibhekise ogwini; izodlula emadolobheni amaningi, kufaka phakathi i-Iguala; lapho-ke izohamba amakhilomitha angama-71 kuze kube ukuphambuka, eMilpillas, kuya emgwaqeni wesibili. Ngemuva kokuhamba cishe amakhilomitha angama-60 uzofika eFilo de Caballo, lapho kutholakala khona iPave de deos Cave, esemaphethelweni eGuerrero State Natural Park.
Umthombo: UMexico ongaziwa uNombolo 291
ISierra Madre del Sur
