Usuku nosuku sidinga umsebenzi wabo futhi siqinisekisa noma sibuze, cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokungafanele, ukusebenza kwabo kahle.
Asilazi igama lakhe futhi ubuso bakhe abujwayelekile kithi, yize kunguye ophethe izindaba, isithunywa sezindaba nommemezeli wemicimbi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uyazi ukuthi singobani, sihlala nobani futhi nokuthi singakwazi nini ukuhlangana.
Ukuba lula kwakhe, ukwethembeka kwakhe nokuzibophezela kwakhe emsebenzini wakhe kumzuzele unomphela naphezu kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwenqaba kwethu okuya ngokusobala ukuthi sithathe ipeni nephepha bese sihlala phansi ngokuthula sibhale.
Iposi, umlingiswa ongaziwa, alinakwa isikhathi esiningi. Uvela kanye ngonyaka ngokuslayida ikhadi elilula ngaphansi komnyango wethu elimemezela ukusondela komgubho kaNovemba 12.
Imikhumbi kaJoseph Lazcano
Inhlangano yenze izinguquko ezingenakubalwa selokhu uJoseph Lazcano, iposi lokuqala laseNew Spain, aqala ukuletha izincwadi namafayela, izincwadi, amadokhumende asemthethweni, izincwadi nokunye okubhaliwe ekhaya eMexico City. Ngokwemithetho yasebukhosini, uLazcano wakhokhisa imali yokuposa, eyayikhonjiswe ngaphambili emvilophini ngumphathi weposi. Uthole kuphela ingxenye yesine yemali ekhokhwayo ekhokhiswayo ekhombisa uhlamvu ngalunye.
Ngokusobala, ukuqokwa kweLazcano kwenziwa ngo-1763 noma ngo-1764, lapho inhlokodolobha yaseNew Spain yahlukaniswa yaba ngamakhemikhali futhi yayiqala ukuvela njengedolobha elikhulu, okunzima ukulilawula ngenxa yokukhula kwalo okungahambi kahle.
Ngaphezu kokuphatha izincwadi, phakathi kwezinye izibopho, umphathi weposi kwakudingeka aqaphele izinguquko zekheli, abuze mayelana nezintsha futhi ashiye izincwadi ezandleni zalowo obhalisile, noma izihlobo noma izisebenzi zakhe, uma kwenzeka engekho, kodwa inqobo nje uma ebazi mathupha. Uma ukuthunyelwa kuqinisekisiwe, kwakudingeka aqoqe irisidi ehambisanayo bese eyihambisa eposini. Ngokwesimiso sango-1762, lapho umphathi weposi engazange afeze ukuletha kwakhe esikhathini esingamahora ayishumi nambili noma lapho eguqula inani elibhalwe emvilophini, wamiswa emsebenzini, ngoba wayebhekwa njengongafanele ukwaziswa ngumphakathi.
Ngesikhathi sakhe, uJoseph Lazcano wayengukuphela komposi eMexico City, kuyilapho ngaleyo minyaka iParis yayisino-117. Ngokuchazekayo, futhi naphezu kwezinguquko, ngo-1770 isikhundla seposi saphela kwaze kwaba ngu-1795 lapho sibonga umuntu omusha Ngokomthetho, amaposi adalwa eMexico naseVeracruz futhi amahhovisi angaphansi afakwa emadolobheni amaningi nasemadolobheni.
Kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, abaposi baseNew Spain baqala ukugqoka iyunifomu, eyayiqukethe isikhwama sendwangu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esasine-chupín, ukhololo kanye nama-curls abomvu anezimpawu zegolide ezifekethisiwe. Abaposi bangaleso sikhathi babebhekwa njengeposi lezempi.
Abaposi beza badlula
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yenkululeko futhi, labo baposi banyamalala endaweni yesehlakalo, okungenani ngokwezimali abazikhokhile. Akwaziwa noma labo abambalwa abasele bakwazile ukuhlala kuphela eminikelweni evela kubamukeli. Okuqoshwe phansi ukuthi lezi zincwadi zahlala emaposini, ezinhlwini ezingapheli zaze zafunwa.
Ngo-1865 kwakhishwa isimemezelo esasiyalela ukuthi kuqashwe umuntu weposi endaweni ngayinye noma enkanjini yedolobha, babe yisishiyagalombili sebebonke. Imizabalazo eqhubekayo phakathi kwamaqembu kagesi ivimbele ukugcwaliseka kwesimemezelo, kepha ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu kwashicilelwa i- "Regulation of the Public Administration Postmen Service", lapho umthumeli akhokha imali yokuposa, kodwa esebenzisa izitembu; ngakolunye uhlangothi, izincwadi zazemukelwa kuphela uma ngabe zikhona ezimvilophini.
Ngokuchuma kwezincwadi okwenzeka engxenyeni yesithathu yokugcina yekhulu le-19, iposi lathola kunesidingo sokulawula ukuthunyelwa kwamaphephandaba, izincwadi zokubhalela, izincwajana, ama-Devotional, ama-paperbacks, amakhalenda, amakhadi, izimemezelo, izaziso noma amasekhula. izikhangiso, amathikithi e-lottery, aphrintwe ekhadibhodini, ku-vellum noma kwi-canvas nephepha lomculo.
Ngo-1870 ukunyakaza okujwayelekile kwezincwadi kudlule konke obekulindelwe. Akungabazeki, futhi ngaphandle kobufakazi obunqabile maqondana nalokhu, umsebenzi wabathumeli abayisithupha enhlokodolobha kumele ubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuthula kwamaPorfirian, okuyisikhathi esibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezokuxhumana jikelele. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, iposi lase liphethe izingcezu eziyizigidi eziyi-123 ngonyaka.
Iyunifomu yabathumeli bekhulu lokuqala lama-20 yayihlanganisa ihembe elimhlophe, uthayi onemigqa, ijakhethi ende eqondile enamabhande abanzi, nekepisi elinama-initials wenkonzo yeposi efekethisiwe ngaphambili. Ngokobufakazi bendoda eyayiphuma kuleyo minyaka eyavela encwadini uNuestra Correo, ukuze asebenzise ukuhweba ayekade esebenza njengokubabazekayo, okungukuthi, engaholi lutho iminyaka emibili, ngemuva kwalokho waqala ukuthola amasenti angama-87 ngosuku. Umuntu okwaxoxwa naye wathi uma iposi lingawenzi kahle umsebenzi, abaphathi bamshaya bengacubungulanga futhi babuye bambalekela. Uma othile eba nesibindi sokukhononda bekubi kakhulu, ngoba iziphathimandla zisifakile futhi zasigcina ngenxa yokwephula umsebenzi. Sasinokuqeqeshwa kohlobo lwezempi.
Abaposi bamanje
Ngo-1932 iqembu labathumeli abali-14 ababehlonyiswe ngamabhayisikili lakhiwa ukuze kuthunyelwe izincwadi “ezithunyelwa ngokushesha” Le nsizakalo yanyamalala ngo-1978, lapho, ngasendleleni, kwaqashwa izikhundla ezimbili zesifazane eMexico, eBaja California.
Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, umsebenzi weposi wawufana kakhulu nalowo owenziwa ngekhulu le-18, lapho, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi eminingi, kwakudingeka ahlukanise izinhlamvu ezazizothunyelwa ngokuzi-oda emgwaqweni futhi zimakwe ngesitembu esihambisanayo, kanye nokumaka incwadi ngepensela. ukulethwa kwezidingo. Ngokusobala, ukusetshenziswa kwekhodi yeposi, ebisebenza kusukela ngo-1981, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimoto ezinezimoto kwenza umsebenzi weposi waba lula, kepha ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe kwavela izithiyo ezintsha, phakathi kokunye amabanga amade, ubungozi bemigwaqo evelele, ukungavikeleki futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, isithunzi sokwehliswa kwesithunzi samadolobha ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Ngo-1980, iMexico yayisiphethe abantu abangaphezu kuka-8 000 abathumela amaphepha, ingxenye yabo yayisebenza enhlokodolobha. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngamunye baletha izingcezu zeposi ezingamakhulu amathathu nsuku zonke, futhi baphatha isikhwama esingaba nesisindo samakhilogremu angamashumi amabili.
Ama-trustee e-trust ethandwayo, ama-postmen awuphawu lwempucuko. Kokuqukethwe yibhantshi labo baphethe injabulo, ukudabuka, ukuqashelwa, ukuba khona kwalabo abangekho emakhoneni akude kakhulu. Ukwethembeka kwabo nemizamo yabo kusiza ekwakheni noma ekuqinisekiseni isibopho cishe esingatholakali phakathi komthumeli nomamukeli: ilungelo lengxoxo.
Umthombo: IMexico ngesikhathi esingu-39 Novemba / Disemba 2000
