UJosé Narciso Rovirosa Andrade wazalwa ngo-1849 eMacuspana, eTabasco. Wayeyilungu elihlonishwayo ezikhungweni ezehlukene zesayensi, isikhulu sikahulumeni, futhi wayemele iMexico embukisweni weParis wango-1889 naku-Universal Colombian Exposition eyayiseChicago, eU.SA, ngo-1893.
UJosé Narciso Rovirosa Andrade wazalwa ngo-1849 eMacuspana, eTabasco. Wayeyilungu elihlonishwayo ezikhungweni ezehlukene zesayensi, isikhulu sikahulumeni, futhi wayemele iMexico embukisweni weParis wango-1889 naku-Universal Colombian Exposition eyayiseChicago, eU.SA, ngo-1893.
NgoJulayi 16, 1890, uJosé N. Rovirosa washiya iSan Juan Bautista, namuhla i-Villahermosa, elibhekise eTeapa futhi ngenhloso yokucebisa ulwazi lwakhe ngezimbali zase-alpine eningizimu yeMexico. Ukuwela amathafa abanzi, imifula, amazibuko namachweba kwamthatha usuku lonke kwathi kusihlwa wafika ezinyaweni zezintaba.
Ukusuka engxenyeni ephakeme kakhulu yomgwaqo, kumamitha ayi-640 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, kutholakala uMfula iTeapa ojulile, ebangeni kude amagquma e-Escobal, La Eminencia, Buenos Aires kanye ne-Iztapangajoya, ahlanganiswe nohlobo oluthile lwe-orographic isthmus. E-Iztapangajoya, kwathi nje lapho umsebenzi owangiholela eTeapa waziwa, abanye abantu beza bezongibuza ngezakhiwo zezitshalo. Lelukuluku lalibonakala lingamangaza kimi; Okuhlangenwe nakho okude kungifundise ukuthi abantu abangakhanyisiwe baseMelika yaseSpain yangaphambili babheka ukutadisha izitshalo ngaphandle kwenhloso, uma kungahloselwe ukuhlinzeka ngezinto ezintsha ekwelashweni, kusho uRovirosa.
NgoJulayi 20, uRovirosa uhlangana noRómulo Calzada, owathola umhume waseCoconá futhi uyavuma ukuwuhlola ehambisana neqembu labafundi bakhe abavela eJurezrez Institute. Behlome ngezintambo kanye nesitebhisi se-hemp, izinsimbi zokulinganisa nesibindi esingenamkhawulo, la madoda angena emgedeni azikhanyisa ngamathoshi namakhandlela. Lolu hambo luhlala amahora amane futhi umphumela ukuthi i-grotto ilinganisa ama-492 m ahlukaniswe ngamagumbi amakhulu ayisishiyagalombili.
Ngichithe izinsuku ezimbalwa edolobheni laseTeapa, ngigcwele ukunakwa kwabanye abantu abakha ingxenye ekhethwe kakhulu emphakathini. Nganginendawo yokuhlala entofontofo, izisebenzi, abantu ababezinikela ukungiphelezela uma ngiyovakasha ehlathini, bonke bengenaso isibonelelo.
Ngemuva kokuchitha usuku lonke emasimini, ntambama bengimatasa ngibhala phansi izinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu ezivela ekuhambeleni kwami kudayari yami nokumisa izitshalo ze-herbarium yami. Isifunda sokuqala engisibhekile kwakuwumfula kuwo womabili amabhange (…) ngabe sengivakashela imithambeka yeCoconá namagquma asemabhange angakwesokudla sePuyacatengo. Kuzo zombili lezi zindawo uhlaza lusehlathini futhi lunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngokwakheka kwazo, ngenxa yobuhle namakha ezimbali zazo, ngenxa yezimfanelo zokwelapha ezinikezwe zona ngenxa yezicelo zazo kwezomnotho nakwezobuciko, okushiwo ngemvelo.
Izinsimbi ezikhishwe eMayini iSanta Fe, igolide, isiliva nethusi, ziveza umcebo ongcwatshwe ezintabeni.
Izimayini ezenkampani yamaNgisi. Ibhuloho lisiza ukuqhutshwa kwezinsimbi ezigxile eMfuleni iTeapa, lapho zithunyelwa khona ngomkhumbi zithunyelwe echwebeni laseFrontera.
Umhloli wamazwe onguchwepheshe, uJosé N. Rovirosa akashiyanga lutho ezenzakalweni: Isihambi esicabanga phambili asisoze sangazinaki izinzuzo zohambo olunokucatshangelwa, noma sikhohlwe ukuthi impumelelo yaso incike ezintweni ezitholakalayo, okungukuthi, emithonjeni yesayensi kanye nalezo Zenzelwe ukugcina impilo nokuphila; Kufanele unikezwe izingubo ezifanele zesimo sezulu, i-hammock yokuhamba enenetha lokuvikela omiyane, inqwaba yenjoloba, isibhamu noma isibhamu kanye nocelemba yizikhali ezidingekayo. Akudingeki nokuthi kube nekhabethe elincane lemithi, i-barometer kusuka efektri yaseNegretti neZambra eLondon, i-thermometer negeji yemvula ephathekayo.
Imihlahlandlela nayo idlala indima ebalulekile. Ngelulekwe ngesipiliyoni, ngincamela ekuhambeni kwami ngiye eNdiya, ngoba ungumuntu obekezelayo, onobuhlakani, othanda impilo emahlathini, olusizo, ohlakaniphile futhi olungele, njengaso sonke esinye isidalwa, ukukhuphuka emaweni ezintaba ehle ezihosheni (…) Unolwazi olukhulu ngendawo yakhe futhi uhlala ekulungele ukuxwayisa umphathi wakhe ngengozi engamsongela.
Yize izitshalo zimnaka, yihlathi elivusa ukumangala kukaRovirosa. Lapho ubuka imingcele yamahlathi aseTabasco, kunzima ukucabanga ngemibono mayelana nalawo maqembu ezitshalo abone ukulandelana kwamakhulu amaningi eminyaka (...) Kuyadingeka ukungena ngaphakathi ukuzindla ngezimangaliso zawo, ukwazisa i-colossi yomhlaba imifino ubukhulu namandla wamandla aphilayo (…) Kwesinye isikhathi kuthule nokuphrinta okuzolile okubeka ukuqina kulabo bahlehla; kwesinye isikhathi, ubukhulu behlathi buhunyushelwa ekuhlemezeni komoya okungavikelekile, kunanela okunanela ukuthi kuyaphinda, manje isando esesabekayo somqiki wezinkuni, manje ingoma yezinyoni, futhi ekugcineni ukukhala okukhulu kwezinkawu.
Ngenkathi izinyoka nezinyoka zingaba usongo olungaba khona, asikho isitha esincane. Emathafeni kuyimiyane elumayo, kepha ezintabeni omiyane ababomvu, ama-roller kanye nama-chaquistes amboza izandla nobuso babantu ukumunca igazi labo.
URovirosa wengeze: Abakwa-chaquistes bangena ezinweleni, babanga ukucasuka okunjalo, benesifiso esikhulu, sokuthi umoya uzizwe uthwansile kakhulu kunalokho okuyikho ngempela.
Ngemuva kokuthola inqwaba yezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, uRovirosa uyaqhubeka nohambo lwakhe lokuya endaweni ephakeme. Ukukhuphuka kwaya ngokuya kunzima ngenxa yokuqengqeleka kwentaba futhi kwavela umqondo wamakhaza. Zimbili izinto ezangidonsela amehlo endleleni ephezulu esasiyenza; ukumelana kwamaNdiya ukuthwala izinyanda ezisindayo endaweni enolaka kakhulu, kanye nobuhle obumangalisayo beminyuzi. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhambe isikhathi eside emhlane walezi zilwane ukuqonda izinga lemfundo ezithinteka kuzo.
Etafuleni leSan Bartolo, uhlaza luyashintsha futhi luveze izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo iConvolvulácea uRovirosa athi ngayo: Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Almorrana, ngenxa yezimpawu zokwelapha ezibangelwa yiyo. Qiniseka ukuthi ngokuthwala imbewu ethile ephaketheni lakho, uthola ukukhululeka kulesi sifo.
Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili okusebenza kanzima nokuqoqa iqoqo elikhulu lezitshalo ubukhona bazo obunganakwa yizingcweti zezitshalo, unjiniyela uRovirosa waluphetha uhambo lwakhe. Ukuphela kwawo kuyancomeka ukunikeza umhlaba wezesayensi izipho ezithulwe ngokwemvelo kule ngxenye enhle yensimu yaseMexico.
Umthombo: I-Mexico engaziwa engu-337 / Mashi 2005
