Iziqhingi ezingama-90 ezizungezwe yimisele ye-Amsterdam enhle, egcwele izigodlo ezinhle nezibabazekayo nezindlu neminyuziyamu okuyikhaya lomcebo omkhulu wobuciko baseDashi, zikulindele uhambo olumnandi emanzini nasemhlabeni.
1. Imisele yase-Amsterdam
I-Amsterdam, iVenice yaseNyakatho, idolobha lomhlaba elebiwe olwandle futhi elizungezwe yimisele. Ngaphezulu kwemisele kunamabhuloho angaba ngu-1 500, amaningi awo izingcezu ezinhle zokwakha. Imisele emidala kunayo yonke isukela ngekhulu le-17 futhi izungeze iphuzu eliphakathi njengamabhande agxilile. Umsele wanamuhla ongaphakathi impela yiSingel, eyayizungeze idolobha lasendulo. Izindlu ezibheke emiseleni yeHerengracht neKeizersgracht ngokwazo ziyizikhumbuzo ezinhle ezikhumbula abantu abakhulu ababehlala kuyo, njengoTsar Peter the Great, uMongameli wase-US uJohn Adams nososayensi uDaniel Fahrenheit.
2. IDamu Lesikwele
Sizungezwe izakhiwo ezinhle, lesi sikwele singamela isikhungo esinomlando senhlokodolobha yaseDashi. Inendawo engaba amamitha-skwele angama-2 000 kanye nemigwaqo efanekisela i-Amsterdam engena kuyo, njengeDamrak, eyixhuma neCentral Station; IRokin, iNieuwendijk, iKalverstraat neDamstraat. Phambi kwesigcawu kuneRoyal Palace; iNieuwe Kerk, ithempeli lekhulu le-15; Isikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke; kanye neMyuziyamu ye-Wax kaMadame Tussaud.
3. UNieuwe Kerk
I-New Church itholakala ohlangothini olulodwa lweRoyal Palace, eDam Square.Yakhiwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15, kwathi eminyakeni engama-250 eyalandela yacekelwa phansi yimililo eminingi eyacekela phansi i-Amsterdam, ngaleso sikhathi eyayiyidolobha lezindlu. ngokhuni. Kuyisimo esenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile sezenzo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Lapho bashada ngo-2002 iNkosana uGuillermo Alejandro, inkosi yamanje, kanye noMáxima Zorreguieta wase-Argentina. Ngo-2013, ithempeli laliyindawo yokugcotshwa kukaKing William waseNetherlands. Izibalo ezinkulu zomlando waseDashi zingcwatshwa esontweni.
4. I-Royal Palace yase-Amsterdam
Lesi sakhiwo esinezitayela zakudala sikhona maphakathi nedolobha, eDam Square.Isukela ngekhulu le-17, lapho iHolland yahlangabezana nesikhathi sayo segolide sibonga ukudoba nokuhweba, ikakhulukazi i-cod, umkhomo nemikhiqizo yabo evela. Yavulwa njengehholo ledolobha kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yaba yindlu yasebukhosini. Amakhosi oMbuso waseNetherlands njengamanje ayisebenzisela imikhosi esemthethweni nokwamukelwa okusemthethweni. Kuvulelekile emphakathini.
5. Amsterdam Central Station
Isakhiwo esihle savulwa ngo-1899 okuyisiteshi esikhulu sesitimela edolobheni. Yakhiwa ngumdwebi odumile waseDashi uPierre Cuypers, ophinde abe ngumlobi weNational Museum namasonto angaphezu kwekhulu. Inokufinyelela ngokushesha okuvela e-Amsterdam Metro nasezintanjeni zethilamu eziya enkabeni yedolobha.
6. UJordaan
Le ndawo ezungezwe iziteshi ezi-4 iqale njengendawo yokuhlala isigaba sabasebenzi futhi namuhla ingesinye sezikhethekile e-Amsterdam. Izindawo zokuhlala ezibabazekayo zixutshwe nezitolo ezibizayo nezindawo zokudlela, izindawo zobuciko nezinye izikhungo ezisezingeni eliphezulu. IJordaan ixhunyaniswe nempilo yedolobha yobuciko neyama-bohemian. URembrandt uchithe iminyaka engu-14 yokugcina yempilo yakhe lapho futhi kwamiswa izithombe zangakubo zihlonipha abaculi baseDashi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lomsele weHerengracht yiNdlu yaseWest Indies, lapho kwakusetshenziswa khona iNew Amsterdam, eqanjwe ngeNew York ngenkathi iyikoloni laseDashi.
7. Isifunda Sokukhanya Okubomvu
Le nto ebizwa nangokuthi iBarrio de las Luces Rojas idume ngempilo yayo yasebusuku nangokusebenzisa kwayo ngokukhululekile yonke into enqatshelwe kwezinye izindawo, kusukela ekuzijabuliseni ngocansi kuya ezidakamizweni. Itholakala maphakathi nedolobha, phakathi kweDam Square, iNiewemarkt Square neDamrak Street. Ebusuku, akusekho ndawo evame ukuvakashelwa e-Amsterdam, kodwa ungakholelwa ukuthi bavala usuku. Ngisho nezivakashi ezingafuni ukuzijabulisa zizizwa zinesibopho sokwazi indawo ebukekayo.
8. I-Rijksmuseum
INational Museum yase-Amsterdam ikhombisa ubuciko baseDashi obuhle kunabo bonke kusukela ngekhulu le-15, ngemisebenzi kaSint Jans, Van Leyden, Vermeer, Goltzius, Frans Hals, Mondrian, Van Gogh, Rembrandt namanye amakhosi amakhulu. Ubuciko obungebona obaseDashi buvezwa nguFra Angelico, uGoya, uRubens nezinye izinkanyiso ezinkulu. Ucezu olubaluleke kakhulu emnyuziyamu Umlindo wasebusuku, umdwebo wokuhlobisa othunyelwe yi-Amsterdam Arcabuceros Corporation futhi manje osewungumsebenzi wobuciko obaluleke kakhulu.
9. Rembrandtplein
URembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, umphathi omkhulu weBaroque futhi ohola phambili kwezobuciko emlandweni wobuciko baseDashi, wayehlala ngekhulu le-17 endlini eseduze kwesikwele manje esinegama lakhe. Isikwele lesi siphethwe yisithombe esihle somuntu ovelele kwezokudweba nokuqopha kanti ekuqaleni bekuyindawo yokuhweba, ikakhulukazi eyederi, yingakho yayibizwa ngokuthi yi-Butter Market. Okunye kokuhehayo okuhle kwesikwele, phansi kwesithombe sikaRembrandt, i-bronze ensemble Umlindo wasebusuku, inkokhiso eyenziwe abaculi baseRussia kumdwebo odume kakhulu wobuhlakani bamaDashi.
10. IRembrandt House Museum
Indlu uRembrandt ayehlala e-Amsterdam phakathi kuka-1639 no-1658 manje isiyimyuziyamu. Umgwaqo okukhona kuwo lo muzi wawubizwa ngeSint-Anthonisbreestraat ngesikhathi sikaRembrandt futhi kwakuhlala abathengisi nabadwebi bezinsizakusebenza ezithile. Kukholakala ukuthi ngaphambi kokuhlalwa nguRembrandt, le ndlu yavuselelwa kabusha ngumakhi ohlonishwayo uJacob van Campen. Yaguqulwa yaba umnyuziyamu ngonyaka we-1911 futhi ikhombisa inani elikhulu lemidwebo nokuphrinta komculi.
11. IVan Gogh Museum
UVincent van Gogh, umdwebi ohlushwayo waseDashi wekhulu le-19, ungolunye uphawu lobuciko baseNetherlands. UVan Gogh wakhiqiza okuningi futhi wathengisa imisebenzi embalwa empilweni yakhe, kwathi lapho eshona umfowabo uTheo wadla ifa lemifanekiso engaba ngu-900 nemidwebo eyi-1 100. UVincent Willem, indodana kaTheo, wathola leli qoqo, ingxenye yalo eyaboniswa kwamanye amakamelo kwaze kwavulwa iMnyuziyamu iVan Gogh ngo-1973. Isebenza esakhiweni sesimanje futhi ifaka imidwebo engaba ngu-200 nemidwebo engama-400 yomdwebi omkhulu, kufaka phakathi Abadla amazambane. Kukhona nokusebenza kwamanye amakhosi amakhulu, njengeManet, iMonet, iToulouse-Lautrec, iPisarro, iSeurat, iBreton, neCortbet.
12. ISydelijk Museum
Le mnyuziyamu eseduze neNational Museum kanye neVan Gogh Museum inikezelwe kubuciko besimanje. Elinye lamaqoqo alo amakhulu azinikele ahambisana noKazimir Malevich, umculi waseRussia owasungula iSuprematism, umkhuba owaqala cishe ngonyaka we-1915, osuselwa ekukhishweni kwejometri. Umnyuziyamu unekamelo likaKarel Appel, umdwebi wase-Amsterdam owathuthela eParis maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 ngemuva kokuhlambalaza idolobha lakubo ngomdwebo osehholo ledolobha, abaphathi abaligubungele iminyaka eyishumi.
13. U-Anne Frank House
Akekho owesifazane osemusha ofanekisela ukwethuka kwamaNazi njengo-Anne Frank. Le ntombazane engumJuda eyabhala idayari edumile, yaboshwa endlini e-Amsterdam lapho yayiphephela khona nomndeni wayo yashonela ekamu lokuhlushwa ineminyaka engu-15. Manje le ndlu iyimnyuziyamu enikezelwe enkumbulweni ka-Anne Frank, obuye abe uphawu olumelene nazo zonke izinhlobo zokushushiswa. Izivakashi zingafunda ngendawo yokucasha kuka-Ana ngaphambi kokubulawa kwakhe.
14. Begijnhof
Le ndawo enhle yase-Amsterdam yasungulwa maphakathi nekhulu leshumi nane ukufaka izindlu eBeguines, ibandla lobuKristu labesifazane abavamile ababehola izimpilo zombili zokucabanga nezisebenza, besiza abampofu. Endaweni yakhona, indlu endala kunazo zonke kuleli dolobha iyagcinwa, eyakhiwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16, enye yezindlu ezimbili kuphela ze-mokummer eziyigugu ezingaphambili zamapulangwe ezindala nezinhle. Ezinye izinto ezikhangayo kule ndawo yi-Engelse Kerk, ithempeli lekhulu le-15 kanye neBegijnhof Chapel, okwakuyisonto lokuqala elingaphansi komhlaba e-Amsterdam ngemuva kokufika kweNguquko.
15. IHeineken nomnyuziyamu wayo
IHolland iyizwe lamabhiya aphambili futhi iHeineken ingelinye lemikhiqizo yalo eyisibonakaliso emhlabeni jikelele. Ibhodlela lokuqala lakwaHeineken lagcwaliswa e-Amsterdam ngo-1873 futhi kusukela lapho amakhulu ezigidi zegolide nabamnyama sebekhishwe kuyo yonke imiboniso. I-Heineken Experience ingumnyuziyamu obekelwe umlando womkhiqizo, okhombisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza nemishini esetshenzisiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ekwenzeni isiphuzo esidumile.
16. I-Amsterdam Botanical Garden
Yasungulwa ngo-1638, yaba ngesinye sezikhala ezindala zohlobo lwayo eYurophu. Njengezinye izingadi zezitshalo zaseYurophu, yazalwa njenge "ikhemisi lemvelo" lendlu yasebukhosini, ukuhlakulela izitshalo zokwelapha ezazisetshenziswa yisayensi yezokwelapha yangaleso sikhathi. Kwathuthukiswa ngokunwetshwa kweNetherlands kuya e-East Indies naseCaribbean futhi njengamanje kuhlala izitshalo ezingaba ngu-6,000. Ingqalabutho yezofuzo kanye nokutholwa kabusha kweMithetho kaMendel, uHugo de Vries, usebenzise ingadi yezitshalo phakathi kuka-1885 no-1918.
17. I-Vondelpark
Leli paki elicishe libe yingxenye yesigidi samamitha skwele yilo elihlala livame kakhulu e-Amsterdam, elinabavakashi abangaba yizigidi eziyi-10 ngonyaka. Inezindawo zokudlela ezinhle eziningana ezinamathala athokomele lapho abantu bezohlanganyela khona, kuyilapho izikhala ezibanzi zotshani, ama-groves nezingadi zisetshenziselwa ukuzijabulisa ngaphandle, ukuhamba, ukugijima, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili nokudla. Lesi Sikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke SaseDashi futhi sinezilwane ezithile ezincane ezijabulisa izingane.
18. Ubuciko
I-Artis Royal Zoo yavulwa ngo-1838 njenge-zoo yokuqala yaseDashi futhi namuhla ihlala cishe izilwane ezingama-7,000. Inama-aquariums amaningana aqala kabusha impilo yasolwandle, enye imele imisele yedolobha. Ibuye ibe nomnyuziyamu we-geological kanye ne-planetarium. Indawo efunwa kakhulu ngabancane yiPulazi lezingane, indawo lapho bengakwazi ukuxhumana nezilwane ezifuywayo, ezinjengezinkukhu, amadada nezimbuzi. Isigaba esisodwa siphinda sisebenzise impilo e-savannah yase-Afrika.
19. I-Concertgebouw yangempela
I-Amsterdam yidolobha elinomsebenzi ocebile womculo unyaka wonke kanti iConcertgebouw, ngaphandle kobuhle bayo bokwakha, ijabulela idumela lokuba ngelinye lamahholo ekhonsathi akudala anama-acoustics amahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Yavulwa ngo-1888 ngekhonsathi yabaculi abayi-120 nabahlabeleli abangama-500 ekhwayeni, ababenza imisebenzi kaBach, Beethoven, Handel noWagner. Njengamanje inikeza amakhonsathi angama-800 ngonyaka emahholo ayo amabili.
20. IMelkweg
Isikhungo samasiko esihlanganisa izikhala ezimbalwa ezinikezelwe umculo, umdanso, itiyetha, cinema nezithombe. Ihholo elikhulu kunawo wonke yihholo lekhonsathi, elithwala izibukeli eziyi-1 500. Itiyetha linezihlalo eziyi-140 kanti igumbi lama-cinema linezi-90. Isakhiwo ekuqaleni bekuyimboni yobisi, lapho kuthathwe khona igama elithi Melkweg. Ifektri yalungiswa kabusha ngeminyaka yama-1970 yi-NGO futhi yaphenduka isikhungo esidumile samasiko njengoba injalo namuhla.
21. UMuziekgebouw aan ‘t IJ
Elinye ihholo lekhonsathi elidume ngemisindo yalo. Iyikhaya loMkhosi waseDashi, umcimbi wakudala walolu hlobo eNetherlands, ngemuva kokuqala uhambo lwayo ngo-1947. Waqala ukufaka umculo, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, i-opera nomdanso wanamuhla, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwabe sekuhlanganiswa ne-cinema, ubuciko bokubukwa, i-multimedia nokunye. eyala. Itholakala ngaphambi komunye wemisele yase-Amsterdam.
22. I-Amsterdam Arena
I-Amsterdam yidolobha lebhola lezinyawo laseDashi elidume kakhulu kanti i-Amsterdam Arena iyikhaya le-Ajax, ikilabhu lebhola lomuzi, iqembu lesibili laseYurophu ukunqoba iChampions League amahlandla ama-3 kulandelana, ngemuva kokwenza kanjalo phakathi kuka-1971 no-1973, libambene nguJohan Cruyff odume kakhulu kanye nalokho okubizwa nge- "Total Football" Inkundla inamandla okuba nezibukeli ezingaba ngu-53,000 futhi iyindawo yokudlala amanye amaligi ezemidlalo kanye nenkundla yemibukiso emikhulu yomculo.
23. Usuku lweNkosi
IHolland yizwe elinesiko elikhulu lamakhosi futhi uSuku lweNkosi lugujwa ngomdlandla othile, ngokuba yiholide lesizwe loMbuso waseNetherlands. Ishintsha igama layo ngokobulili benkosi futhi ngesikhathi sokubusa kwabesifazane kuba wusuku lweNdlovukazi. Isikhathi salo mgubho besiguqukile, siguquka kusukela osukwini lokuzalwa kuze kube lusuku lokugcotshwa kanye nosuku lokwehliswa kwamakhosi ahlukene. Ngamaholide omphakathi, abantu bagqoka ucezu oluwolintshi, umbala kazwelonke, futhi kuyisiko ukuthengisa konke okusele ekhaya ezimakethe zasemgwaqweni, okuwukuphela kwesikhathi onyakeni lapho ukugunyazwa ngokomthetho kungadingeki ukuthi kwenziwe njalo. Usuku lweNkosi luheha amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezivakashi e-Amsterdam.
24. Umkhosi Wokuzwa
I-Amsterdam Arena igqoke imibala yeSensation, omunye wemikhosi edume kakhulu eYurophu. Inkundla ihlotshiswe ngemibala emhlophe, abaculi nabahambele le midlalo bagqoke izingubo ezimhlophe nomculo we-elekthronikhi kushubisa ukushisa kwababambiqhaza abangaphezu kuka-50 000. Lo mcimbi, obizwa nangokuthi iSensation White, okuyigama lawo lokuqala, wenzeka ehlobo, uMgqibelo wokuqala kaJulayi. Ngaphandle komculo, kunemibukiso yama-acrobatics kanye neziqhumane nezibani.
25. Asigibele ibhayisikili!
EMbusweni waseNetherlands ngisho namalungu eRoyal House ahamba ngamabhayisikili. IHolland yizwe lamabhayisikili kanti i-Amsterdam iyinhlokodolobha yomhlaba yezindlela zokuhamba zemvelo. Ekuhlelweni nasekuhlelweni kwemigwaqo, sicabanga ngamabhayisikili kuqala bese sicabanga ngezimoto. Cishe zonke izindlela nemigwaqo emikhulu inemizila yokutshova. Into ethathwa kakhulu emiseleni yedolobha amabhayisikili entshontshiwe aphonswa emanzini, cishe angama-25,000 ngonyaka. Uma uya e-Amsterdam, awukwazi ukuyeka ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuhamba zikazwelonke.
Siluqedela uhambo lwethu lweziqhingi, amabhuloho nemisele yase-Amsterdam, nazo zonke izinto zalo ezinhle, sinethemba lokuthi uyithandile. Sobonana maduze ukuthola okunye ukuhamba okumnandi.
