Lapho ukhuluma ngeNew York, mhlawumbe into yokuqala eza engqondweni yiSitembu Sokukhululeka, isikhumbuzo esiyisifanekiselo esinomlando omuhle nesabona izigidi zabantu bokufika zifika e-United States.
Kepha kunamaqiniso amaningi anelukuluku futhi athakazelisayo ngemuva komlando wawo esizochaza ngezansi.
1. Isitembu Sokukhululeka akulona igama lakhe langempela
Igama eligcwele lesikhumbuzo esaziwa kakhulu eNew York - futhi mhlawumbe nase-United States - lithi "Liberty Enlightening the World."
2. Kuyisipho esivela eFrance saya e-United States
Inhloso bekungukunikeza isipho njengesenzo sobungani phakathi kwala mazwe womabili kanye nokukhumbula iminyaka eyikhulu ye-Independence yase-United States isuka eNgilandi.
3. Inhloko yesifanekiso yaboniswa eParis
Yayibanjelwe i-Universal Exposition eParis, eyabanjwa kusukela ngoMeyi 1 kuya kuNovemba 10, 1878.
4. Imelela unkulunkulu wamaRoma
Ezinganekwaneni zamaRoma, Libertas WayenguNkulunkulukazi weNkululeko futhi wayengugqozi ekudalweni kwale ntokazi egqoke ingubo yokumela inkululeko phezu kwengcindezelo; yingakho yaziwa nangokuthi Inkululeko kaMama.
5. Ezandleni zakhe uphethe ithoshi kanye no-tkhuluma
Ithoshi aliphethe ngesandla sakhe sokudla selibuyiswe kaningi futhi lavalwa emphakathini ngo-1916; lena egqokayo njengamanje iyona enamathele kakhulu kumklamo wokuqala.
Esandleni sakhe sobunxele uphethe ibhodi ngamasentimitha angama-60 ububanzi ngamasentimitha angama-35 ubude futhi unosuku lokumenyezelwa kwe-Independence yase-United States oluqoshwe izinombolo zamaRoma: JULY IV MDCCLXXVI (Julayi 4, 1776).
6. Izilinganiso zeSitatimende Sokukhululeka
Ukusuka emhlabathini kuye ekugcineni kwethoshi, iSitembu Sokukhululeka singamamitha angama-95 ukuphakama futhi sinesisindo esingamathani angama-205; Unokhalo lwamamitha ayi-10.70 futhi ulingana no-879.
7. Ungafika kanjani emqhele?
Kufanele ukhuphuke izinyathelo ezingama-354 ukuze ufike esicongweni sesifanekiso.
8. Amafasitela omqhele
Uma ufuna ukuncoma iNew York Bay ngabo bonke ubukhazikhazi bayo obuvela phezulu, ungakwenza lokho ngamawindi angama-25 umqhele onawo.
9. Ingesinye sezikhumbuzo ezivakashelwa kakhulu emhlabeni
Ngo-2016 iSitatimende Sokukhululeka sathola izivakashi eziyizigidi ezingu-4.5, kuyilapho i-Eiffel Tower eParis yathola izigidi ezingu-7 kanye nabantu baseLondon Eye 3.75 million.
10. Ukuphakama komqhele kanye nencazelo yawo
Umqhele unezintaba eziyisikhombisa ezimele izilwandle eziyisikhombisa namazwekazi ayisikhombisa omhlaba akhombisa umqondo wenkululeko jikelele.
11. Umbala wesifanekiso
Umbala oluhlaza wesithombe ungenxa ye-oxidation yethusi, insimbi eboshwe ngayo ngaphandle. Yize i-patina (ukumbozwa okuluhlaza) kuwuphawu lokulimala, ibuye ibe yindlela yokuvikela.
12. Ubaba weSitembu Sokukhululeka kwakunguFrance
Umqondo wokwenziwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo waqhamuka kwezomthetho nakwezombusazwe u-Edouard Laboulaye; ngenkathi umqophi wezithombe u-Frèderic Auguste Bertholdi ethunyelwa ukuthi ayiklame.
13. Ukudalwa kwayo kwakungukukhumbula inkululeko
Ekuqaleni, u-Edouard Laboulaye wayenombono wokwenza isikhumbuzo esizohlanganisa ubudlelwano bobungane phakathi kweFrance ne-United States, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye ukugubha ukunqoba kwe-American Revolution kanye nokuQedwa kobugqila.
14. Babefuna ukuthi ikhuthaze amanye amazwe
U-Edouard Laboulaye ubuye wathemba ukuthi ukwenziwa kwalesi sikhumbuzo kuzogqugquzela abantu bakubo futhi balwele inkululeko yabo ngokumelene nobukhosi obucindezelayo bukaNapoleon III, owayengu-Emperor of the French.
15. Ngubani owaklame ingaphakathi lakho?
Izinsika ezine zensimbi ezakha ukhothamo lwensimbi zisekela isikhumba sethusi futhi zakha isakhiwo sangaphakathi sesithombe, esakhiwa nguGustave Eiffel, umakhi wombhoshongo odumile obizwa ngegama lakhe eParis.
16. Yimaphi amathuluzi asetshenziswa ukwakha ingxenye engaphandle?
Izinhlobo ezingama-300 zezando kwakudingeka ukwakha isakhiwo sethusi.
17. Ubuso besifanekiso: kungowesifazane?
Yize kungaqinisekiswanga ngokugcwele, kuthiwa ukuklama ubuso besithombe, u-Auguste Bertholdi wakhuthazwa ubuso bukanina uCharlotte.
18. Ithoshi eliphethe isifanekiso akusilo elasekuqaleni
Ithoshi eliphethe lesi sithombe lingena esikhundleni sangempela kusukela ngo-1984 kanti lona lalimbozwe ngongqimba lwegolide le-carat engama-24.
19. Izinyawo zesifanekiso zizungezwe ngamaketanga
ISitatimende Sokukhululeka simi okhunjini oluphukile ngamaketanga futhi kuphakanyiswe unyawo lwangakwesokudla, olumele ukumela kude nengcindezelo nobugqila, kepha lokhu kungabonakala kuphela endizeni enophephela emhlane.
20. Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika babona lesi sithombe njengophawu lwendida
Ngaphandle kokuthi isithombe sakhiwe ukumela izici ezinhle ezifana nenkululeko, i-American Independence, nokuqedwa kobugqila, abantu base-Afrika baseMelika babheka lesi sithombe njengophawu lwenzondo eMelika.
Umbono ongaqondakali ubangelwa ukuthi ubandlululo nokubandlulula kusaqhubeka emiphakathini yomhlaba, ikakhulukazi eyaseMelika.
21. ISitatimende Sokukhululeka naso sasiyisibonakaliso sabokufika
Phakathi nengxenye yesibili yekhulu le-19, abafiki abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyisishiyagalolunye bafika eNew York futhi umbono wokuqala ababenawo kwakuyiSitatimende Sokukhululeka.
22. ISitatimende Sokukhululeka sike sasebenza nakwezamabhayisikobho
Okunye kokubonakala okudume kakhulu ake waba nakho Inkululeko yomama ebhayisikobho kwaba ngesikhathi movie «Planet of the Apes», lapho kubonakala uhhafu wangcwatshwa esihlabathini.
23. Kwamanye ama-movie kubonakala kubhujisiwe
Kumafilimu esikhathi esizayo "Usuku Lokuzimela" kanye "Nosuku Ngemuva Kwakusasa", lesi sithombe sibhujiswe ngokuphelele.
24. Ngubani okhokhele ukwakhiwa kwesithombe?
Iminikelo yabaseFrance nabaseMelika yilokho okwakwazi ukukhokhela ukwakhiwa kwesithombe.
Ngo-1885 iphephandaba iMundo (laseNew York) lamemezela ukuthi babeqoqe amaRandi ayizi-102 000 nokuthi u-80% waleyo mali yayingamanani angaphansi kwe-dollar elilodwa.
25. Amanye amaqembu aphakamisa ukufuduswa kwawo
Amaqembu avela ePhiladelphia naseBoston anikela ngokukhokha izindleko ezigcwele zalesi sithombe ukuze athuthelwe kwelinye lalawo madolobha.
26. Ngesinye isikhathi kwakuyisakhiwo eside kunazo zonke
Ngesikhathi sakhiwa ngo-1886, sasiyisakhiwo sensimbi esinde kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
27. Kuyindawo Engamagugu Omhlaba
Ngo-1984 i-UNESCO yamemezela Inkululeko yomama Amagugu amasiko obuNtu.
28. Inokumelana nomoya
Lapho ubhekene nomoya onamandla ofinyelela kumamayela angama-50 ngehora iStue of Liberty eke yabhekana nayo kwesinye isikhathi, uye wagudluza wafinyelela kuma-intshi ama-3 nesibani ama-intshi ama-5.
29. Uthole ukushaywa ugesi ngombani
Kusukela yakhiwa, iStatue of Liberty kukholakala ukuthi ishaywe cishe ngamabhawodi angama-600.
Umthwebuli wezithombe wakwazi ukushutha isithombe ngesikhathi esifanele okokuqala ngqa ngo-2010.
30. Sebemsebenzisile ukuzibulala
Abantu ababili bazibulale ngokugxuma besuka esifanekisweni: oyedwa ngo-1929 nomunye ngo-1932. Abanye abanye nabo bagxuma besuka phezulu, kodwa basinda.
31. Kube ugqozi lwezimbongi
"I-New Colossus" ibizwa ngesihloko senkondlo yombhali waseMelika u-Emma Lazarus, ngo-1883, egqamisa lesikhumbuzo njengombono wokuqala wezifiki ezaba nawo ngenkathi zifika eMelika.
I- "The New Colossus" yaqoshwa kupuleti lethusi ngo-1903 futhi ibilokhu isezingeni eliphakeme kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.
32. Itholakala esiQhingini Sokukhululeka
Isiqhingi okwakhiwe kuso lesi sithombe sasaziwa phambilini ngokuthi yi "Bedloe Island", kepha kusukela ngonyaka ka 1956 besisaziwa nge Liberty Island.
33. Kunezithombe eziningi zeLiberty
Kunezithombe eziningana zesifanekiso emadolobheni ahlukene omhlaba, yize sincane; esisodwa eParis, esiqhingini esiseMfuleni iSeine, nesinye eLas Vegas (Nevada), e-United States.
34. Itholakala ku-American Pop Art
Njengengxenye yeqoqo lakhe lePop Art ngawo-1960, umculi u-Andy Warhol wapenda iSitatimende Sokukhululeka futhi imisebenzi ilinganiselwa ukuthi ingabiza ngaphezu kwamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-35.
35. Wamemezela ukuphela kweMpi Yezwe II
Ngo-1944, amalambu omqhele akhanya ku: "dot dot dot dot dash", okukukhodi ye-Morse okusho ukuthi "V" wokunqoba eYurophu.
36. Ekuqaleni kwayo yayisebenza njengendlu yesibani
Iminyaka eyi-16 (kusuka ngo-1886 kuya ku-1902), lesi sithombe sasiqondisa amatilosi ngokukhanya okwakungahlukaniswa ngamakhilomitha angama-40.
37. Isikhumbuzo sakho sigujwa ngo-Okthoba
Ngo-Okthoba 2018 iSitatimende Sokukhululeka sizobe sigubha iminyaka engu-133.
38. Uke wabamba iqhaza kumahlaya
Kumahlaya adumile we U-Miss America, leli qhawekazi lithole amandla alo ngeSitembu Sokukhululeka.
39. Ngemuva kukaSepthemba 11, 2001 savalwa
Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula e-United States, ngoSepthemba 11, 2001, ukufinyelela esithombeni kwavalwa.
Ngo-2004 ukutholakala kwesisekelo kwaphinde kwavulwa futhi, ngo-2009, kwaqokwa isicoco; kodwa ngamaqembu amancane abantu kuphela.
40. Isiphepho naso sidale ukuthi sivalwe
Ngo-2012 iSiphepho iSandy sahlasela ugu olusempumalanga ye-United States ngemimoya efinyelela kumakhilomitha ayi-140 ngehora, yadala umonakalo omkhulu nenani elikhulu lokufa kwabantu; kanye nezikhukhula eNew York. Ngalesi sizathu, isithombe sivalwe okwesikhashana.
41. Lesi sithombe sonakaliswa eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala
Ngenxa yesenzo sokucekelwa phansi ngamaJalimane, ngoJulayi 30, 1916, ukuqhuma eNew Jersey kwadala umonakalo eSitatimendeni Sokukhululeka, ikakhulukazi ithoshi, ngakho kwathathelwa indawo.
42. Ngaphambilini ubungakhuphukela phezulu ethotsheni
Ngemuva kokulimala okwenzeka ngo-1916, izindleko zokulungisa zafinyelela ku- $ 100,000 futhi izitebhisi ezanika ithoshi zavalwa ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha futhi zahlala zinjalo kusukela lapho.
43. Ukuphela kwendawo okuvunyelwa kuyo lesi siqhingi ngesikebhe
Asikho isikebhe noma umkhumbi ongagibela ichweba eLiberty Island noma e-Ellis Island; ukufinyelela kuphela ngesikebhe.
44. ISitatimende Sokukhululeka naso singowokufika kuleli
Yize bekuyisipho esiya e-United States, izingxenye zetshe lesikhumbuzo zenziwa eParis, ezazipakishwe emabhokisini angama-214 futhi zathuthwa ngumkhumbi waseFrance i-Isére ohambweni olunemicimbi olunqamula ulwandle, njengoba imimoya enamandla icishe yabangela ukuphuka komkhumbi wayo.
45. ISitatimende Sokukhululeka siyimpahla yombuso
Yize iseduze neNew Jersey, iLiberty Island iyindawo yombuso esifundazweni saseNew York.
46. Ikhanda alikho endaweni yalo
Ngo-1982 kwatholakala ukuthi ikhanda lalibekwe ngamasentimitha angama-60 ngaphandle kwesakhiwo.
47. Isithombe sakhe sizungeza yonke indawo
Izithombe ezimbili zethoshi zivela kwisikweletu esingu- $ 10.
48. Isikhumba sakhe sincane kakhulu
Yize kubonakala kungajwayelekile, izingqimba zethusi eziyinikeza ukwakheka zingamamilimitha ama-2 kuphela ukujiya, ngoba ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kunamandla kangangokuba bekungadingekile ukwenza amapuleti aqine kangaka.
49. UTomás Alba Edison wayefuna ngikhulume
Umsunguli odumile wesibani sikagesi wethula iphrojekthi ngo-1878 ukubeka idiski ngaphakathi kwesifanekiso ukwenza izinkulumo nokuzwakala kulo lonke elaseManhattan, kepha umqondo awuzange uqhubeke.
50. Yabiza kakhulu
Izindleko zokwakhiwa kwalesi sithombe, kufaka phakathi isisekelo, kwakungu- $ 500,000, namuhla okungalingana nezigidi ezingama- $ 10.
Lawa ngamaqiniso anelukuluku ngemuva kweSitatimende Sokukhululeka. Ungalokotha uzitholele ngokwakho!
Bona futhi:
- Isitatimende Sokukhululeka: Yini Okufanele Uyibone, Ungafika Kanjani Lapho, Amahora, Amanani nokuningi ...
- Izinto ezingama-27 ozozibona futhi uzenze eNew York Mahhala
- Izinto ezingama-20 ozozibona nokuzenza e-Alsace (France)
