ILa Huamantlada ngumbukiso wokulwa nokulwa nezinkunzi okulindelwe kakhulu ngesikhathi semikhosi yaseVirgen de la Caridad, eyenzeka ngo-Agasti ku Idolobha Lomlingo tlaxcalteca de Huamantla. Sikumema ukuba uthole le nkambiso yesimanje nejabulisayo.
1. Yini iHuamantlada?
Umbukiso wesiteleka wokulwa nezinkunzi oqala ngo-12 emini ngoMgqibelo wokugcina wemikhosi yaseVirgen de la Caridad ezitaladini zedolobha laseMexico iHuamantla, esifundazweni saseTlaxcala. Ngokufana nokwenzeka edolobheni laseSpain iPamplona ngesikhathi semidlalo yaseSan Fermín, izinkunzi eziningana zigijima emigwaqweni yedolobha, phakathi komdlandla womphakathi, ingxenye yawo ehamba phambi nangemuva kwezilwane, ngenkathi iningi libuka ngemuva kwezithiyo.
Kulomcimbi, ubungaphambili bezindlu ezisemigwaqweni lapho kugijimisa khona izinkunzi ezihlomile futhi umphakathi, ikakhulukazi owesilisa, ugqoka izingubo ezinemibala egqamile. NjengakwiSanfermines, lo mcimbi unezingozi zawo kanye nabagxeki bawo, kepha uvikelwa ngabasekeli bawo njengesiko okumele ligcinwe futhi njengomthombo obalulekile wemali engenayo edolobheni, ngenxa yenani elikhulu labantu abahlanganiswa yilo mbukiso. Lokhu kubonakaliswa kwamasiko kunokusekelwa kwenhlangano kwe-Institute of Culture and Tourism of the State of Tlaxcala kanye neTlaxcalteca Institute of Bullfighting Development.
2. Yaqhamuka kanjani iHuamantlada?
I-Huamantlada yokuqala yenzeka ngo-Agasti 15, 1954, lapho abalandeli be-huamantecos bomkhosi onesibindi, phakathi kwabo kwakunguDon Eduardo Bretón González, uDon Manuel de Haro, uDon Sabino Yano Sánchez, uDon Miguel Corona Medina noDon Raúl González, abanye babo abake babona iSanfermines, banquma ukwenza ukuqhutshwa kwezinkunzi eHuamantla njengePamplonada abayenza ePamplona.
EPamplonada, izilwane ziyadedelwa esigodini bese zigijima emigwaqweni zize zifike enkomfeni, lapho kuliwa khona. Ekugijimeni kokuqala kweHuamantlada, kwalwa izinhlobo eziyisithupha ezivela ePiedras Negras, ipulazi lezinkomo elidumile laseTlaxcala elineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-150 yokuhlangenwe nakho kokufuya izinkunzi ezilwayo. Iphosta yokuqala yeHuamantlada yayakhiwe nguManuel Capetillo, uRafael García noJorge Aguilar El Ranchero. Le ndlela yokugijimisa izinkunzi emigwaqweni ize iyiswe enkundleni ukuyolwa nayo yagcinwa kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1960, lapho yashintshwa ngesicelo sabaphathi.
3. Kungani ifomethi yeHuamantlada yashintshwa?
Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10, iHuamantlada yenziwa ngendlela efanayo neSanfermines yasePamplona futhi izinkunzi zazingafiki njalo enkundleni ngezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza impi enhle. Umphakathi owawuhambela lo mbukiso wanda unyaka nonyaka, ngakho-ke akuzange kube khona ukusweleka okuzenzekelayo okwathi endleleni eya eplaza kwagadla inkunzi futhi izilwane azizange zifike zisesimweni esifanelekile ukubhekana nomlwi wezinkunzi, okwakumelela nobungozi okungeziwe kwe-matador. Abashayi bezinkunzi baqale ukubhikisha benqaba ukulwa, yaze yaguqulwa ifomethi yenziwa komunye lapho ngemuva komjaho ongabashiyi bekhathele, izinkunzi zilwelwa emabhokisini emigwaqweni efanayo.
Okunye okushintshile ukuphepha komcimbi. Ekuqaleni abantu bebegcwele emigwaqeni bezobuka lezi zinkunzi zidlula, ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okuncane. Njengoba intshisekelo kuHuamantlada ikhuphukile, ikhulisa ukugcwala kwabantu, kuthathwe izinyathelo zokunethezeka nokuphepha kwabantu. Imigwaqo lapho izinkunzi zizogijima khona ibhalwe uphawu futhi kubekwa uthango oluvikelayo kanye nama-burladero, futhi uma kungenzeka, kufakwa izitendi ukuze ingxenye yomphakathi ikwazi ukubona ukusebenza kuhleli phansi. Isibalo semigwaqo esetshenziselwe umkhosi wokulwa nezinkunzi kanye nenani lezinkunzi ezilwelwe nalo selikhuphukile, esesuke ku-6 eHuamantlada yokuqala yaya ku-7, 12, 15, 20, 25 ngisho nezinkunzi ezingaphezu kwezingama-30.
Vele, ezokuphepha azikaze ziphelele futhi labo abaya eHuamantlada kumele bazi ukuthi umcimbi ubandakanya ubungozi obuthile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uziphathe ngokuqapha okukhulu. Enye yezinto okufanele igwenywe kakhulu ukuzama ukuxhumana nenkunzi, ikakhulukazi uma ungenalo ulwazi ekubhekaneni nalezi zilwane ezinesibindi, njengoba kunjalo ngabantu abaningi.
4. Yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi nangemva kweHuamantlada?
Ngesikhathi seHuamantlada, iMagical Town yaseHuamantla igcwele ngokugcwele iVirgen de la Caridad. Kungenzeka ukuthi iHuamantlada ihambisane no-Agasti 14 no-15, lapho kwenzeka khona "Ubusuku Ongahlali Nobunye". Ngobusuku bango-Agasti 14, ama-huamantecos kanye nezivakashi eziningi benza umlindelo wokuzijabulisa, ngenkathi behamba emigwaqweni lapho udwendwe lweVirgin luzodlula khona nezingubo ezinhle zemibala yamasaha, okuyimisebenzi yangempela yobuciko obudumile. Udwendwe luhamba cishe ngo-1 ekuseni ngomhla ka-15.
Ngokunjalo, ungasebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ukuvakashela kwakho eHuamantla ngesikhathi seHuamantlada, ukubona izinto eziheha idolobha, njengeChurch of Our Lady of Charity, isigodlo sangaphambili saseSan Luis, iThempeli laseSan Luis kanye neNdlunkulu kaMasipala. Ngokunjalo, ungavakashela iBullfighting Museum kanye neNational Puppet Museum, lapho kukhonjiswa khona lezi zingcezu ezingaphezu kuka-500, ezivela eqoqweni leRosete Aranda, okuyinkampani kanodoli edonsa isikhathi eside ezweni. Le nkampani yabapopayi yazalelwa eHuamantla ngo-1835 futhi yanikela ngemisebenzi kwaze kwaba ngo-1958, kufaka phakathi eyodwa eyabonwa nguMongameli uBenito Juárez.
Mhlawumbe unesikhathi sokwazi ezinye zezinkunzi ezilwayo ezizalanisa amapulazi anezihlalo eziseduze kakhulu neHuamantla futhi ezondla uthando lwasekhaya nolukazwelonke lomkhosi onesibindi nezimpondo zazo ezinolaka. Futhi-ke, awukwazi ukuyeka ukujabulela i-Huamanteca neTlaxcala gastronomy emnandi, ngoba iMagic Town igqoka izitsha neziphuzo zayo ezinhle kakhulu, njenge-mixiote, i-muéganos ne-pulque.
Kwangathi ungayijabulela ngokugcwele iHuamantlada!
