Uma ungazange uye eTepoztlán ukuyojabulela iphathi ye-El Tepozteco, uphuthelwa omunye wemikhosi ethakazelisa kakhulu futhi enemibala ezweni. Ngalesi siqondisi esiphelele uzobe usukulungele ukujabulela konke lokho Idolobha Lomlingo ukulele.
1. Likuphi iTepoztlán futhi yimaphi amabanga aphambili lapho?
Leli dolobha elinomoya wokungenisa izihambi labahlali ababalelwa ku-15,000 liyinhloko kamasipala waseMorelos wegama elifanayo, elisenyakatho nesifundazwe, emngceleni we-DF. Ukusondela kweTepoztlán neMexico City, lapho ihlukaniswe khona yi-83 km. ukuhamba ngo-95D, kwenza iMagic Town of Morelos indawo evame ukufika enhlokodolobha. Inhlokodolobha yombuso, iCuernavaca, itholakala nje ngamakhilomitha angama-27. Ngokudlula eMexico i-115D namanye amadolobha aseduze yiToluca, etholakala ku-132 km. noPuebla, amakhilomitha ayi-134. Amabhasi asuka eMexico City naseCuernavaca aqonde ngqo eTepoz.
2. Uyini umlando weTepoztlán?
Kunenguqulo ebhalwe ngososayensi bemvelo ukuthi uQuetzalcóatl, iNyoka Enezinyosi, unkulunkulu omkhulu wezinganekwane zaseMesoamerican, wazalelwa eTepoztlán. Iqiniso noma amanga, okuyiqiniso ngokuqinile ukuthi indawo yangaphambi kweSpanishi yaphila impilo enkulu yomkhosi esasinda kuze kube namuhla nge-Fiesta de El Tepozteco enhle kakhulu. Ngo-1521, amabutho aseSpain ayeholwa uCortés abonakala eTepoztlán, eshisa idolobha. AbaseDominican bakha isigodlo futhi baqala ukushunyayelwa kwevangeli, okwakungehlula ngokuphelele amasiko omdabu. Ngo-1935 evakashele kuleli dolobha, uMongameli uLázaro Cárdenas wanikela ngomgwaqo omkhulu oya eCuernavaca, isithembiso sagcwaliseka ngonyaka olandelayo. I-cinema yokuqala yafika ngo-1939, ucingo lokuqala lomphakathi ngo-1956 nogesi ngo-1958. Ngo-2002, uNobhala Wezokuvakasha kahulumeni waseMexico waphakamisela iTepoztlán esigabeni sasePueblo Mágico, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesiko laso elibambekayo nelingabonakali langaphambi kweSpanishi. nefa lakhona lamakoloni.
3. Ngilindwe siphi isimo sendawo?
Izinga lokushisa laminyaka yonke eDolobheni laseMagic lingu-20 ° C. Inyanga ebanda kakhulu yonyaka nguJanuwari, lapho i-thermometer ibalelwa ku-17.7 ° C. Ngo-Mashi izinga lokushisa liqala ukukhuphuka, lifike kuma-22 ° C ngo-Ephreli bese ikhuphukela ku-22 ° C ngoMeyi, okuyinyanga eshisa kakhulu. Ehlobo le-hemisphere esenyakatho, izinga lokushisa lihamba phakathi kuka-19 no-21 ° C. Ukushisa okukhulu nesithwathwa akuvamile eTepoztlán futhi kuyaqabukela kusondele ku-10 ° C kwabaphansi kanye nama-30 ° C aphezulu. Isikhathi semvula siphakathi kukaJuni noSepthemba. Phakathi kukaDisemba noMashi akukaze kube nezimvula.
4. Yikuphi okuhehayo okuyisisekelo okufanele ukwazi eTepoztlán?
Okuheha kakhulu iTepoztlán igquma le-El Tepozteco nakho konke okuzungezile, njengendawo yayo yemivubukulo, umkhosi wayo kanye nenganekwane yayo. Kunezakhiwo ezithile kuleli dolobha ezigqame ngobuhle nomlando wazo, phakathi kwazo okukhona isigodlo sangaphambili soKuzalwa KukaJesu, iSonto Lethu Lomama Wokuzalwa KukaJesu kanye nesigodlo sikaMasipala. Isiko linezikhala zalo eziyinhloko eCarlos Pellicer Museum of Pre-Hispanic Art kanye nePedro López Elías Cultural Center. Omakhelwane baseTepoztlán banempilo yokuzimela enamandla, ehlukanisa eyaseSan Miguel. Isiko ongeke uliphuthe eTepoztlán yilelo okhilimu balo abangajwayelekile. Eduzane kakhulu neMagic Town kuneminye imiphakathi enezindawo ezikhangayo ezihehayo, ikakhulukazi iSanto Domingo Ocotitlán, iHuitzilac neTlayacapan.
5. Unjani uCerro de El Tepozteco?
I-El Cerro noma iMontanaña de El Tepozteco iyindawo evikelekile yemvelo engamahektha angama-24,000, etholakala kumamitha angama-2,300 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, nenhlangano yayo ekhuphuka ngamamitha angama-600 ngaphezulu kweTepoztlán Valley. Indawo evikelekile ifaka phakathi igquma nezindawo ezizungezile, edlulela komasipala baseMorelos baseTepozttlan naseYautepec de Zaragoza, futhi ithinta nendawo encane engamahektha angama-200 engaphansi kweSifunda saseFederal saseMexico. ITepozteco iyisiphephelo sezilwane ezinezinhlobo eziningana ezisengozini yokuqothulwa, okuvelele kakhulu yisibankwa chaquirado noma isibankwa esinamabala saseMexico, isirhubuluzi esinobuthi esingafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-90 ubude.
6. Yini equkethe indawo yokuvubukula?
Indawo yokuvubukula ye-El Tepozteco, esendaweni ephakeme yegama elifanayo, yakhiwa phakathi kuka-1150 no-1350 AD. ngabakwaXochimilcas bomdabu ababehlala kule ndawo ngekhulu le-12, okwenza uTepoztlán abe yinhloko yobukhosi. Yisakhiwo sethempeli esikhuliswe ukuhlonipha u-Ometochtli Tepuztécatl, unkulunkulu ohlobene nokudakwa, umoya nezitshalo ezinganekwaneni zaseMexico. Isakhiwo esiyinhloko yiphiramidi ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-10, enamakamelo amabili, elinye ngaphambili noma i-vestibule nelilodwa emuva, lapho kwakufanele kutholakale khona umfanekiso kankulunkulu owayehlonishwa. Iphiramidi inezitebhisi ezinkulu ezinezintambo.
7. Imayelana nani iFiesta de El Tepozteco?
IFiesta de El Tepozteco noma i-Challenge to the Tepozteco ingumgubho ohlaba umxhwele kakhulu weMagical Town of Tepoztlán. Umkhosi unosuku lwawo oluphakeme ngoSepthemba 8, uSuku Lokuzalwa KukaNcasakazi. Izinkulungwane zezivakashi zivakashela iTepoztlán ngomkhosi wendabuko futhi abaningi bayakhuthazwa ukuthi benze umzamo onzima wokuqwala intaba baye ephiramidi, phakathi komculo wabomdabu, imidanso yangaphambi kweSpanishi nentshiseko eyaziwayo. Kulesi senzakalo, i-atrium yeSonto Lokuzalwa KukaJesu ayihlotshisiwe ngendwangu yezimbali evamile emadolobheni amaningi aseMexico, kodwa ngomdwebo wembewu yommbila, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi obanzi neminye imidumba namabele. Lo mkhosi uqhamuke enganekwaneni yendabuko yangaphambi kweSpanishi yaseTepoztécatl.
8. Iyini inganekwane kaTepoztécatl?
Intombazane yaseNdiya yayijwayele ukugeza echibini lapho umoya owawuthatha isimo senyoni ngokumangalisayo washiya amantombazane ayizintombi ekhulelwe eya ukujabulela amanzi apholile. Le ntokazi engenacala ishiywe isesimweni sayo yabeletha umfana owayebizwa ngoTepoztécatl, owenqatshwa ngokushesha wumndeni. Umfana wakhuliswa yindoda endala enomusa ehlala eduze kwendlu yaseMazacuatl, inyoka enkulu eyayondliwa ngabantu asebekhulile. Ngenkathi kuyithuba lokudliwa kukababa wokutholwa kukaTepoztécatl, le nsizwa yathatha indawo yakhe yavela esiswini senyoka, yayisika ngaphakathi ngamatshe abukhali e-obsidian. Ngemuva kwalokho uTepoztécatl wagijima waze wafika eTepoztlán, lapho athatha khona igquma eliphakeme kakhulu.
9. Sinjani isigodlo sangaphambili soKuzalwa KukaJesu?
Ukwakhiwa kwalesi sakhiwo senkolo esihlaba umxhwele kwaqalwa maphakathi nekhulu le-16 yi-oda laseDominican, elalisebenzisa abasebenzi bomdabu baseTepoztecan. Abakhi bamatshe basebenzisa itshe lendawo, izingcezu zalo eziqoshiwe zafakwa ngosizo lodaka nemifino ehlanganisa imifino. Emnyango omkhulu kunesimo seNtombi EyiRosari ezungezwe osanta nezingelosi. Isithombe senja esiphethe ithoshi elivuthayo emlonyeni waso, nolunye lwezimpawu eziyinhloko zabantu baseDominican, singabonakala nasenkantolo yesigodlo. Ngaphakathi usengabona amafresco asekuqaleni. Ngo-1994, isigodlo sangaphambili soKuzalwa kukaJesu samenyezelwa njengeNdawo Engamagugu Omhlaba. Njengamanje, iTepoztlán Museum and Historical Documentation Center inekomkhulu layo endaweni yezindela.
10. Linjani iBandla Lomama Wethu Lokuzalwa KukaJesu?
IColonial Mexico inikeze isixazululo esisebenzayo sokwakhiwa kobuKristu, leso sezindawo ezibizwa ngama-posa chapel, kanye neChurch of Our Lady of the Nativity ngesinye sezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu kuleli. Lezi zindlu zokukhulekela ezazitholakala ethempelini lethempeli zazisetshenziselwa ukukhatisha izingane futhi zazisetshenziselwa nokwenza iSakramente elibusisiwe lapho isithombe sasingasebenzi ngesikhathi semigubho. UMama wethu Wokuzalwa KukaJesu ugujwa ngoSepthemba 8 emkhosini oxuba imikhosi yamaKhatholika namasiko angaphambi kweSpanishi azungeze i-El Tepozteco.
11. Yini ebonakalisa isigodlo sikaMasipala?
Isakhiwo sehholo ledolobha laseTepoztlán sakhiwa ngesikhathi sePorfiriato, lapho kwakhiwa eminye imisebenzi efanelekile, efana ne-zócalo, umsele wamanzi, nokukhanyisa komphakathi ngamalambu kawoyela. Isigodlo sikaMasipala, njengoba simi namuhla, empeleni besilungiswa kabusha ihholo lakudala lamakholoni. Lesi sakhiwo esakhiwe ngamakholoni sashintshwa saba i-neoclassical enamakholomu amabili ezinhlokodolobha ezinesizotha nesisekelo esincane njengesihlalo sobukhosi kanye newashi elingenakugwemeka lePorfiriato. Ku-zócalo kamasipala kunekhiyoski elula ezungezwe ngamabhentshi ensimbi abunjiwe afakwe umuthi yizihlahla.
12. Yini enikezwa yiCarlos Pellicer Museum of Pre-Hispanic Art?
UCarlos Pellicer Cámara wayengumbhali waseTabasco, uthisha, umklami weminyuziyamu nosopolitiki owayephila phakathi kuka-1897 no-1977. Iminyaka eminingi wabelana ngemisebenzi yakhe ehlukene nothando lwakhe njengomqoqi kanye nomqoqi wezingcezu zobuciko zangaphambi kweSpanishi ezishiywe ezindaweni lapho zingazange zivuse isithakazelo esikhulu. hhayi ezobuciko noma amasiko. Ngemuva kokuphothula isikhathi sakhe emsebenzini wobuthishela, uPellicer Cámara wazinikela ngokugcwele emsebenzini wakhe wokuzijabulisa wasemnyuziyamu, waba yiphayona lomsebenzi ezweni. Ngawo-1960, isibaya seConvent yangaphambili yoKuzalwa kukaJesu sakhiwa kabusha futhi salungiselelwa ukuba sisebenze njengendlunkulu yeCarlos Pellicer Museum of Pre-Hispanic Art. Isampula lifaka izinto ezibalulekile zobuciko bangaphambi kweSpanishi obuqoqwe yisazi samagugu esivelele kanye nocezu lukankulunkulu u-Ometochtli Tepuztécatl olutholwe endaweni yemivubukulo yegquma i-El Tepozteco.
13. Yimiphi imicimbi enikezwa yiPedro López Elías Cultural Center?
UDkt López Elías ungummeli waseSinaloa, owathi, ngemuva kokuqoqa umtapo wolwazi obalulekile, wanquma ukuwuhlanganyela nomphakathi. Futhi uyisakhamuzi esikhathazeke kakhulu ngamasiko nezemvelo futhi uthathe isinqumo sokuvula isikhungo somhlangano eTepoztlán ukuze kujatshulelwe ukufunda, umculo, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, i-cinema nobuciko beplastiki. Isikhungo Sezamasiko sise-44 Tecuac, ekhoneni leSan Lorenzo, futhi njalo sinezethulo zezincwadi, ukufundwa, izingqungquthela, amakhonsathi, ama-movie neminye imicimbi ebhodini lezikhangiso. Ibuye inikeze imihlangano yokufundisana ngomdanso, ukudlala izinsimbi zomculo, ukudweba, ukuqopha, ukubhala ngobuciko nemisebenzi yezandla ngezinto ezahlukene, phakathi kwabanye.
14. Yini engingayenza eBarrio de San Miguel?
ISan Miguel yindawo ethandwa kakhulu enomsebenzi omkhulu wezohwebo eTepoztlán. ISan Miguel inemikhosi ethile, lapho kugujwa khona ingelosi enkulu, eyaziwayo ngamasonto amaJuda, amaKrestu namaSulumane. Esontweni likaSan Miguel ungancoma imidwebo yalo ebunjiwe eyinikezelwe ingelosi enkulu eyaziwayo, iNcasakazi uMariya, ingelosi enkulu uGabriyeli noRafael, kanye nomunye kaSathane uqobo lapho ehlulwa ehlela esihogweni. Ngaphandle kwengelosi enkulu ehlonishwayo, esinye isibonakaliso esikhulu sabantu baseSan Miguel isibankwa, isilwane esivikele amaqhawe nabadlali bebhola emasikweni angaphambi kweColombia. ESan Miguel uzothola yonke indawo izithombe zezibankwa ezidwetshiwe neziqoshwe, futhi ungakhuthazwa ukuba uzitholele njengesikhumbuzo.
15. Ingabe ikhona eminye imikhosi yokuthakazelisa, ngaphandle kwe-El Tepozteco?
Omunye umkhosi omibalabala eTepoztlán yi-carnival, ngokuba ngomunye walabo abamukela inani elikhulu kakhulu lezivakashi esifundazweni saseMorelos. Okuhehayo kakhulu emicimbini yomkhosi kungama-chinelos, abalingiswa abagqoke izifihla-buso ezinhle nezingubo ezimangazayo, okuthi lapho kudlalwa umculo benze umdanso we-acrobatic owaziwa nge-Brincos de los Chinelos. Isikhumbuzo esinentelezi ethile eTepoztlán yiSuku Lwabafileyo, ngoNovemba 2. Kulo mcimbi, izingane "zicela ugebhezi", zithola amaswidi nezinkonyane njengezipho.
16. Lavela kanjani isiko lika-ayisikhilimu ongaziwa?
Le ndaba isitshela ukuthi inkosi yombuso waseTepoztlán ezikhathini zangaphambi kweSpanishi yethula emikhosini yenkolo ubumnandi obucebile obenziwe ngeqhwa lasezintabeni, abalixuba nezithelo, izinambuzane, i-pulque nezinye izinto ezidliwayo ababenazo, ngokwenqubo engaqondakali . Ngokuvumelana nesiko labo langaphambi kukaColumbian, amaTepoztec anamuhla enza ama-ayisikhilimu nama-ayisikhilimu ane-flavour yakudala, kepha futhi ngenhlanganisela emnandi kakhulu futhi yangempela exotic. Ngeke kube nengqondo enkulu ukuthi uye eTepoztlán uyodla i-vanilla, ushokoledi noma u-ayisikhilimu we-sitrobheli, ukwazi ukujabulela ukuhlanganiswa ne-mezcal, tequila noma ezinye izinto ezingajwayelekile.
17. Ngingazijwayeza ukuzijabulisa ngaphandle?
ITepoztlán inezintaba, imihosha nezinye izindawo lapho ungajwayeza khona ezemidlalo nokuzijabulisa kwangaphandle. Inkampani yendawo i-e-LTE Camino a la Aventura inikeza izinkambo eziqondisiwe zezindawo zemvelo ezinhle kakhulu eTepoztlán futhi inesikole sezintaba sokufunda ukugibela, ukukhumbula kabusha, ukuhlanganisa nezinye izindlela. Uhambo lwabo lubandakanya umkhuba walokhu okukhethekile okungenhla, kanye ne-paragliding nokuhamba izintaba. Futhi banesitolo eTepoztlán lapho ungathenga khona izinto zokusebenza, izinto zokusebenza nezesekeli zomdlalo wakho owuthandayo.
18. Unjani ubuciko kanye ne-gastronomy kaTepoztlán?
Olunye lwezimpawu zobuciko bokupheka baseTepoztlán yithanga eliluhlaza ipipián noma imvukuzane, abasebenzisa ngayo inkukhu yesoso, inyama yengulube nezinye inyama, kanye nemvukuzane ebomvu yeguajolote. AmaTepoztecos awathanda kakhulu ama-itacates, ama-gorditas ommbila ongunxantathu agcwele ushizi futhi athosiwe ebhotela, nakuma-tlacoyos agcwele ubhontshisi nobhontshisi obanzi. UCecina de Yecapixtla, olungiselelwe ukulandela inqubo ekhethekile edabuka eMorelos, kungenye yezibiliboco okufanele uzijabulele eTepoztlán. Isiko lobuciko lasePueblo Mágico ligxile kakhulu kuzinto zobumba futhi kunama-workshops amaningana lapho kwenziwa khona i-tableware, amanani okuhlobisa, amabhange e-piggy nezinye izingcezu.
19. Yiziphi izinto ezithakazelisayo ezikhona eSanto Domingo Ocotitlán?
Ngaphakathi kukamasipala ofanayo waseTepoztlán, amakhilomitha ayi-10 nje. esihlalweni sikamasipala, yidolobha elithokomele laseSanto Domingo Ocotitlán. Lo mphakathi, owaziwa nangokuthi iXochitlalpan noma "indawo yezimbali" ubonakala ngesimo sezulu sawo esibandayo namathafa amahle, alungele ukuhlala usondelene kakhulu nemvelo. Kuze kube maduze nje, abadala baleli dolobha balandisa izindaba lapho uGeneral Emiliano Zapata ayecashe khona eSanto Domingo Ocotitlán ehlela izenzo zakhe zokuguqula umbuso. Uma ukhetha i-adrenaline encane, lapho uzothola i-Ocotirolesas, isiza esinemigqa engu-8 ye-zip kanye nebhuloho lokumiswa.
20. Yini eHuitzilac?
31 km. Ovela eTepoztlán nguHuitzilac, inhloko kamasipala wegama elifanayo, ohlanganisa isethi yezikhangiso zalesi sivakashi, phakathi kwazo okuyisonto laseSan Juan Bautista namasonto ambalwa, isigodlo sikaMasipala kanye neZempoala Lagoons. Isakhiwo sokuqala sehholo ledolobha sakhiwa ngo-1905 futhi kamuva sabhujiswa ngesikhathi seNguquko yaseMexico ngemuva kokuba yinkambi yeZapatista, sakhiwa kabusha ngo-1928. ILagunas de Zempoala National Park inezindikimba eziningi zamanzi lapho kuhlala khona izilwane ezithokozisayo futhi futhi inezindawo ukugibela ihhashi, ukuhamba izintaba, ukukhuphuka, ukukhumbula kabusha, ukukhempa nokunye ukuzijabulisa.
21. Yini okuhehayo eTlayacapan?
30 km. kusuka eTepoztlán yiTlayacapan, elinye iDolobha Elinomlingo laseMorelos elinokuheha okuhlukahlukene kwabavakashi. Isigodlo sangaphambili seSan Juan Bautista sakhiwa ngokubabazekayo se-viceregal esakhiwe ngabasekeli baka-Augustinian, samenyezelwa njengeGugu Lomhlaba ngo-1996. Lesi sakhiwo senkolo sigqamile ngemigqa yaso yokwakha nobuhle bemidwebo yayo yefresco. Ngesikhathi sokugcwaliseka kweminye imisebenzi ngo-1982, izidumbu eziningana zabalingiswa ezazingcwatshwe endaweni zatholakala emgodini omkhulu, okhonjiswa emnyuziyamu wezindela. Esinye isakhiwo esithakazelisayo yiLa Cerería Cultural Center, imboni endala yamakhandlela.
22. Yimaphi amahhotela aphambili?
ITepoztlán inebanga elihle lokuhlala, ikakhulukazi ama-inns, lapho ungaphumula khona ngokuthula futhi uqoqe amandla okubhekana nenselelo yokwenyuka kweTepozteco. IPosada del Tepozteco, endaweni yaseSan Miguel, ithokozela ukubuka okuhle kwepanoramic futhi izakhiwo zayo zigcinwa kahle. ICasa Isabella Hotel Boutique, eseCamino Real 2, indawo yokuhlala ethule, ukude maphakathi nedolobha, ngokubhekisisa nokudla okunconywayo ngesinongo sayo. ICasa Fernanda Hotel Boutique, eBarrio San José, iyindawo enezingadi ezinhle ezine-spa esezingeni lokuqala. ILa Buena Vibra Retreat & Spa, etholakala eSan Lorenzo 7, iyindawo yobuhle obukhulu lapho izakhiwo zihlanganiswe nemvelo ngokuvumelana okuphelele nokunambitheka okuhle. Kukhona ezinye izinketho ezinhle zokuhlala eTepoztlán, okungavezwa phakathi kwazo iHotel Boutique Xacallan, Hotel de la Luz, Posada Sarita, Sitio Sagrado neVillas Valle Místico.
23. Ungincoma ukuthi ngidle kuphi?
Enye yezinto zokuqala okufanele uyenze eTepoztlán ukuya endaweni ka-ayisikhilimu no-ayisikhilimu. Okudume kakhulu yiTepoznieves, e-Avenida Tepozteco, enohlu olubanzi lwama-flavour akudala futhi angaphandle akhonjwe ngezinsiza eziphanayo. I-El Ciruelo yindawo yokudlela enhle ezungezwe izikhala eziluhlaza, ezinemenyu yokudla kwaseMexico, eSpain nase-Italiya. ILos Colines iphaka ukudla kwaseMexico nakwamanye amazwe ngesinongo esenziwe ekhaya esimnandi. Ungaya futhi eLa Veladora, Las Marionas, Axitla, El Mango naseCacao.
Ukulungele ukwenza inselelo ka-El Tepozteco ngaphandle kokufa emzameni? Sithemba ukuthi usitshela ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho eTepoztlán ngenothi elifushane. Sizohlangana futhi maduze.
