Nomaphi lapho ulibona khona, leli pulazi elincane eliseduze naseCuliacán, eSinaloa, umhlaba ubheke phansi: awakhiqizi utamatisi, okusanhlamvu, noma izinkukhu; kuveza izingwenya; futhi lezi zingwenya aziveli ePacific, kodwa iCrocodylus moreletii, evela ogwini lwe-Atlantic.
Ngamahektha amane kuphela ipulazi liqoqa izibonelo zalesi silwane kunabo bonke abahlala ngokukhululeka ukusuka eTamaulipas kuye eGuatemala.
Kepha into emangaza kakhulu ngalolu daba ukuthi akusona isiteshi sesayensi noma inkambu yokongiwa kwemvelo, kepha iphrojekthi enenzuzo enkulu, ibhizinisi: ICocodrilos Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V.
Ngivakashele leli sayithi ngifuna izincazelo ngokujikajika kwakhe okungajwayelekile. Lapho umuntu ezwa ngepulazi lezingwenya, umuntu ucabanga idlanzana lamadoda anzima aphethe izibhamu nemikhono, edabula ixhaphozi eliminyene, kuyilapho izilwane ezinolaka ziluma nomsila kwesobunxele nangakwesokudla, njengakumabhayisikobho. likaTarzani. Akukho lutho ngalokho. Engikutholile kwakuyinto efana kakhulu nepulazi lezinkukhu elihlelekile: indawo esatshalaliswa kahle yokubheka izigaba ezahlukahlukene zempilo yezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile kwabasebenzi abayishumi nambili abanokuthula.
Ipulazi linezindawo ezimbili eziyinhloko: indawo enenqwaba yezindawo zokuchitha izinkukhu kanye namashedi ambalwa, nensimu enkulu enezindawo ezintathu zasemanzini, okungamachibi amakhulu anombala kashokholethi azungezwe yizixuku ezijiyile nocingo olunamandla lwe-cyclonic. Ngamakhulu amakhanda, imihlane nemisila yezingwenya ezibukeka zinganyakazi ebusweni, zikhumbuza kakhulu intaba yase-Usumacinta kunamathafa aseSinaloa. Ukuthinta okuyinqaba kukho konke lokhu kunikezwa uhlelo lwesipikha: njengoba izingwenya zidla kangcono futhi ziphila kamnandi uma zihambisana nomvamisa womsindo ongaguquguquki, zikuphila ukulalela umsakazo ...
UFrancisco León, umphathi wezokukhiqiza waseCocomex, wangazisa emakhayeni. Wavula amasango ngokuqapha okufanayo kwangathi bekukhona onogwaja ngaphakathi, wangisondeza ezihuquzelayo. Ukumangala kwami kokuqala kwaba lapho, imitha nengxenye kude, kwaba yibo, hhayi thina, ababaleka. Empeleni bayizilwane ezinomusa impela, zikhombisa imihlathi yazo lapho izinkukhu eziluhlaza ezizidlayo ziphonswa kuzo.
ICocomex inomlando othakazelisayo. Ngisho nangaphambi kwayo kwakukhona amapulazi ezingxenyeni ezehlukene zomhlaba abezinikele ekulimeni izingwenya (naseMexico, uhulumeni wayeyiphayona emizamweni yokulondolozwa kwezinkukhu). Ngo-1988, ekhuthazwe amapulazi awabona eThailand, umakhi weSinaloan uCarlos Rodarte wanquma ukusungula elakhe ezweni lakhe, kanye nezilwane zaseMexico. Ezweni lethu kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezingwenya: i-moreletii, etholakala eMexico kuphela, eBelize naseGuatemala; iCrocodylus acutus, edabuka ogwini lwasePacific, ukusuka eTopolobampo kuya eColombia, kanye ne-alligator iCrocodylus fuscus, indawo yokuhlala yayo isukela eChiapas iye eningizimu yezwekazi. IMoreletii imele ukhetho olungcono kakhulu, ngoba bekunezibonelo eziningi zokuzalanisa, ayinolaka kangako futhi izala kalula.
Ukuqala kwakunzima. Iziphathimandla zezemvelo - okwabe kunguSEDUE - zithathe isikhathi eside ukuqeda izinsolo zazo zokuthi lo msebenzi wawungowokuzingela ngokungemthetho. Lapho ekugcineni bethi yebo, baklonyeliswa ngezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingama-370 ezivela emapulazini abo eChacahua, Oax., NaseSan Blas, Nay., Engezona izibonelo eziqinile. “Saqala ngezibankwa,” kusho uMnu León. Babencane futhi bengondlekile kahle ”. Umsebenzi, nokho, ube nezithelo: kusukela ezilwaneni eziyikhulu zokuqala ezazalwa ngo-1989, zaya ezinzalweni ezintsha ezingama-7 300 ngo-1999. Namuhla kunezilwane ezingaba ngu-20 000 ezinesikhumba esinamaphuphu epulazini (kusobala, ngaphandle kwama-igwana, izibankwa nezinyoka ezingangenayo). ).
UBULILI BOKUSHISA
Ipulazi lenzelwe ukufaka ama-moreletii phakathi nomjikelezo wabo wempilo. Umjikelezo onjalo uqala emanzini (noma "emachibini okuzalanisa") ngokuhlangana, ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. NgoMeyi, abesifazane bayazakha izidleke. Bahudula udoti namagatsha ukwakha isigaxa esiphakeme semitha nengxenye ububanzi. Lapho beqeda, bayayichamela, ukuze umswakama usheshise ukubola kwesitshalo bese ukhiqiza ukushisa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu bazalela amaqanda. Isilinganiso sepulazi singamashumi amane nge-clutch ngayinye. Kusukela ekubekeni, kuthatha ezinye izinsuku ezingama-70 kuze kuzalwe izidalwa ukuthi kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi ziyizingwenya: azilingani ngobude besandla, zinombala okhanyayo, zinokuvumelana okuthambile futhi zikhipha ukukhala okuthobile kakhulu kunalokho kwenkukhu. Epulazini, amaqanda ayasuswa esidlekeni ngosuku olulandelayo emva kokuba ebekiwe futhi ayiswe kusihlanganisi. Imayelana nokuzivikela kwezinye izilwane ezindala, ezivame ukucekela phansi izidleke zabanye abantu; kodwa futhi ifuna ukulawula ukushisa kwayo, yize kungenjalo nje ukugcina imibungu iphila.
Ngokungafani nezilwane ezincelisayo, izingwenya azinawo ama-chromosomes ocansi. Ubulili babo bunqunywa ngofuzo lwe-thermolabile, okungukuthi, isakhi esinezici eziqondiswa ukushisa kwangaphandle, phakathi kwesonto lesibili nelesithathu lokufukamela. Lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, lisondela ku-30o C, isilwane sizalwa singowesifazane; lapho isondela emkhawulweni ongaphezulu ka-34o c, izalwa iduna. Lesi simo sisebenza okungaphezu nje kokufanekisa ama-anecdotes ezilwane zasendle. Epulazini, ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo bangalawula ubulili bezilwane ngokumane balungise izinkinobho kuma-thermostats, ngaleyo ndlela bakhiqize abesifazane abaningi abazalanayo, noma abesilisa abaningi, okuthi, ngenxa yokuthi bakhula ngokushesha kunabesifazane, bavele ngaphezulu isikhumba esiningi ngesikhathi esincane.
Ngosuku lokuqala lokuzalwa, izingwenya ziyiswa ezindlini ezikhiqiza indawo emnyama, efudumele nenomswakama emigedeni lapho zivame ukukhula khona endle. Bahlala lapho cishe iminyaka emibili yokuqala yempilo yabo. Lapho befika eminyakeni yobudala nobude obuphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1.20 no-1.50, bashiya lolu hlobo lomgodi babheke echibini eliyindilinga, okuyisandulela sokuqala sesihogo noma inkazimulo. Iningi liya kwesokuqala: "umzila" wepulazi, lapho uhlatshwa khona. Kepha abambalwa abanenhlanhla, ngokwesilinganiso sabesifazane ababili kowesilisa ngamunye, bayaqhubeka nokujabulela ipharadesi lamachibi okuzalanisa, lapho kufanele bakhathazeke ngokudla, ukulala, ukuphindaphindeka ... nokulalela umsakazo.
UKUMISELWA KWAMAZIZI
Ezweni lethu, inani labantu baseCrocodylus moreletii lahlala lincipha njalo ngekhulu lama-20 ngenxa yomphumela ohlangene wokucekelwa phansi kwendawo yawo, ukungcoliswa komhlaba nokuzingelwa ngokungemthetho. Manje kunesimo esiyindida: lokho amanye amabhizinisi angekho emthethweni asongele ukucekela phansi, amanye amabhizinisi asemthethweni athembisa ukusindisa. Lezi zinhlobo ziya ngokuya zisuka engcupheni yokuqedwa ngenxa yamaphrojekthi afana neCocomex. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kanye nezindawo zokugcina izikhukhukazi ezisemthethweni, amapulazi amasha azimele ayavela kwezinye izifundazwe, njengeTabasco neChiapas.
Imvume enikezwe uhulumeni wobumbano iphoqelela uCocomex ukuthi ahambise amaphesenti ayishumi wezinkukhu ezintsha ezizodedelwa endle. Ukuhambisana kwalesi sivumelwano kubambezelekile ngoba izindawo lapho i-moreletii ingakhishwa khona azilawulwa. Ukuzidedela kunoma iyiphi ixhaphozi kunganikeza abazingeli abazingeli izingcezu zomdlalo eziningi, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukwenziwa kokuvinjelwa. Isivumelwano-ke bekuhloswe ngaso ukuxhasa ukuzalaniswa kwama-acutus. Uhulumeni udlulisela amanye amaqanda alezi ezinye izinhlobo ku-Cocomex kanti izilwane ziyaqandusela zikhule kanye nabazala bazo be-moreletii. Ngemuva kokukhula ngendlela efanelekile nokudla okuyinala, bathunyelwa ukugcwala kabusha izindawo ezazikade ziyizingwenya emthambekeni wePacific.
Epulazini basebenzisa ithuba lokukhishwa kwama-acutus njengomcimbi wokufundisa ngokuhambela izikole. Ngosuku lwesibili ngihleli ngihambisane neqembu lezingane kuwo wonke umcimbi. Izilwane ezimbili ezingamasentimitha angama-80 - ezisencane ngokwanele ukuthi zingonakali kubantu - zikhethiwe. Izingane, ngemuva kohambo lwazo epulazini, zanikela kokuhlangenwe nakho okungajwayelekile kokubathinta, hhayi ngaphandle kokwesaba okwanele.
Silibangise echibini laseChiricahueto, indawo enamanzi amaningi angamakhilomitha angama-25 eningizimu-mpumalanga. Ogwini, izingwenya zatholwa yisikhathi sokugcina sokubamba ngabakhululi bazo. Umqondisi waqaqa izifonyo zabo, wangena emgodini, wazidedela. Izilwane zema bha imizuzwana embalwa yokuqala, kwathi, zingagwilanga ngokuphelele, zafa kabuhlungu zaze zafika emhlangeni, lapho sazilahla khona.
Lowo mcimbi omangalisayo wawungukuhambisana komhlaba obheke phansi wepulazi. Ngesinye isikhathi ngikwazile ukucabanga ngombukwane wethemba wenkampani enenzuzo futhi yesimanje ebuyele endaweni yemvelo ingcebo enkulu kunaleyo ethathwe kuyo.
UMA UYA KU-COCOMEX
Leli pulazi lisendaweni eyi-15 km eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeCuliacán, eduze nomgwaqo omkhulu oya eVilla Juárez, eSinaloa.
ICocodrilos Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V. ithola izivakashi, amaqembu ezikole, abacwaningi, njll., nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka esingaphandle kwenkathi yokuzala (kusuka ngo-Ephreli 1 kuya ku-Septhemba 20). Ukuhambela kungoLwesihlanu nangoMgqibelo kusukela ngo-10: 00 ekuseni. ngo-4: 00 ntambama Kuyisidingo esibalulekile ukwenza ukuqokwa, okungenziwa ngocingo, ngefeksi, ngeposi noma mathupha emahhovisi eCocomex eCuliacán, lapho bazokunikeza khona izinkomba ezifanele zokuya epulazini.
Umthombo: IMexico engaziwa No. 284 / Okthoba 2000
Intatheli nesazi-mlando. Unguprofesa weGeography and History and Historical Journalism e-Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, lapho azama khona ukusabalalisa i-delirium yakhe emakhoneni angajwayelekile akha leli lizwe.
