Jabulela elinye lamadolobha amakoloni ameleke kakhulu eMexico. Izakhiwo zayo ezindala zizokutshela ngomlando wabantu bakhona.
Amadolobha asungulwe eMexico ngesikhathi seColony ahluleka ukuhlala njalo endaweni efanelekile, ngenxa yesimo sendawo, ukukhiqiza isakhiwo esicacile sedolobha okwakulula ukusihlukanisa, njengegridi abaphathi bamakoloni baseSpain ababelilandela ngokuzimisela okuhlelekile.
Amadolobha ezimayini avele avele kulezo zindawo lapho kutholakala khona imithambo ye-metalliferous, futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka ezindaweni eziqhelile, okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo futhi kunezinkinga zokwakha emhlabeni wabo, umuntu angavele ashiye phansi. EMexico amacala aziwa kakhulu ezindawo zokuhlala zalolu hlobo yiGuanajuato, iTaxco neZacatecas. Laba bantu, ngaphandle kwegridi eveza imibono yasemadolobheni yokufana okukhulu hhayi eyedwa, kunalokho banemibono yokuheha okukhulu nokuhlukahluka, okugcwele okumangazayo: ukungahambi kahle kwabo kuba yinzuzo yobuhle engangabazeki.
Izakhamizi zokuqala zaseZacatecas, iZacatecos, zamelana ngokuqinile nemizamo yokuqala yaseSpain yokungena kule ndawo, cishe ngonyaka we-1540. Ingcebo yamaminerali yanqoba futhi abaseSpain bahlala.
Umhosha lapho idolobha lizokhula khona uveza indwangu yemigwaqo engenamqondo kakhulu, ekhula ngokungazelelwe yenze isikwele, njengaso esikhulu, esinemikhawulo abasunguli baso abangakwazanga ukuyibona, sididekile nomgwaqo omude, lapho izakhiwo zawo zinikeza khona okubaluleke kakhulu, njengombhishobhi omkhulu, olungaphambili lwawo oluhlotshisiwe lushiya isivakashi sokuqala simangele. Lesi sakhiwo saqala cishe ngo-1730 njengephherishi futhi ukwakhiwa kwaso kukhonjwe kumakhi uDomingo Ximénez Hernández. Ngo-1745 i-façade enkulu yaqedwa, ekhuphuka njengophawu olukhulu lwe-altare olufakwe phakathi kwezisekelo zemibhoshongo. Amakholomu wokuhlobisa aqoshwe kakhulu, ngokukhululeka okuqinile (kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayishumi). Izindlu eziyishumi nantathu zikaKristu nabaphostoli abayishumi nambili. Ezinye izinto ezinesithonjana sibhekisa kuMqondo Ongagudluki, uZiqu-zintathu kanye noMthendeleko, okufanekiselwa iziqwenga zamagilebhisi nezingelosi ezinezinsimbi zomculo. Ukuphela, njengoba uRobert J. Mullen asho, “kuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sesithombe esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuhlelwa kwembali okuqoshwe ngokujulile, okunemiklamo ehlukile futhi ehlukaniswe ngokukhethekile, enezindawo ezijulile eziqoshiwe, zakha ifreyimu, egeleza ngokuqhubekayo emaphethelweni omzimba wesithathu ngokungahambi kahle. Akukho ngisho no-intshi yesikhala esinqunywe kanjalo esasala singenalutho ”.
Isonto lombhishobhi lingubufakazi bokuchuma kwemboni yezimayini yaseZacatecan maphakathi nekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa leminyaka kanye nakulo lonke ikhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili, ngakho-ke izakhiwo eziningi zamakholoni ezibalulekile edolobheni zisukela kule nkathi. Amathempeli aseSanto Domingo, aseSan Agustín (aguqulwe aba imnyuziyamu, futhi enentuthuko enhle engxenyeni yayo esenyakatho) naseSan Francisco (ayisekho indawo engaphansi yesembozo sayo, futhi esigodlo sayo sangaphambili manje iMuseum of the Rafael Mask ivelele). Coronel), kanye nekolishi langaphambili lamaJesuit, eligcina iPedro Coronel Museum. Phakathi kwezakhiwo zomphakathi kufanele ukuthi kubalulwe iPalacio de la Mala Noche, namuhla iNkantolo Ephakeme Yobulungiswa, iHhovisi likaMongameli kaMasipala njengamanje, i-University Rectory kanye neCasa de la Condesa. ICalderón Theatre isukela ngekhulu le-19, kuyilapho iMercado González Ortega eyayiyisakhiwo esidumile samaPorfirian, kanti indlu ehlala iGoitia Museum iyisibonelo esithandekayo sokwakhiwa kwezemfundo kusukela ngesikhathi esifanayo. Inkunzi yenkomo iSan Pedro, manje eyihhotela, kufanelekile ukuyibona. Umbono omuhle wedolobha ovela eCerro de la Bufa akufanele ukhohlwe. Ekugcineni, iqiniso elingenakushaywa indiva iqiniso lokuthi isikhungo esingumlando sedolobha laseZacatecas samenyezelwa njengeNdawo Engamagugu Omhlaba ngo-1993.
