Ngaphezu kwesenzo esilula sokuthola izitembu, i-philatelist iyazihlukanisa futhi izifundisise, ihlaziya iphepha ebelinyatheliswe kulo, ukuklina, ukwenziwa kwazo kanye nohlobo lokuphrinta kwazo, ukusho eminye imininingwane eminingi edingekayo ukwenza lokho wobuciko bokuphamba, ubuciko bokuqoqa izitembu.
I-philately yaseMexico inentshisekelo ekhethekile kubaqoqi ngenxa yezici zayo ezithile njengezitembu, amamaki kanye nezimpawu zokubala ezazisetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene nasezindaweni ezahlukahlukene eMexico. Sinesibonelo, sokuthi izitembu eziningi, ezinegama elifanayo futhi zenziwe ngombala ofanayo, bezihlukile ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zezwe.
Cishe ngonyaka ka-1840, iNgilandi uSir Rowland Hill yasungula uhlelo lokuthumela izincwadi ngezitembu. Lokhu kuxazulule ukulahleka okukhulu okusho ukuthi umamukeli hhayi othumelayo ukhokhele imali yokuposa yezincwadi.
Inkathi yakudala yamaMexico ngobuningi
Ngomyalelo kaMongameli u-Ignacio Comonfort, ngo-1856 kwakhishwa izitembu zokuqala zaseMexico, lapho kwavela khona isithombe somkhululi uMiguel Hidalgo. Kwakuwuchungechunge lwezitembu ezinamanani amahlanu ahlukene enziwe ephepheni elimhlophe, ngaphandle kwe-watermark noma i-watermark.
Ngaphambi kwalokho, ngesikhathi esaziwa ngochwepheshe njenge-Mexican pre-philately, imvelaphi kanye nesilinganiso sento yeposi kwakukhonjiswa kwimvilophu enezimpawu zezitembu zokhuni noma zensimbi namamaki ezandla.
Ukukhishwa kweposi kwesibili kwenzeka ngo-1861. Kwakunezitembu zamanani ayisihlanu ngemibala ehlanganisiwe. Izitembu zokuqala ezenziwe ngopende, futhi ngomfanekiso kaHidalgo, zavela ekusakazweni kwesithathu.
Ngokuhlinzekwa okusemthethweni, ngenxa yokungavikeleki okwakudlangile ezweni, kwakusehhovisi leposi elifanele lapho izitembu zomthwalo ngamunye kwakufanele zibhalwe igama lomphathi.
Kusukela ngo-1864, izitembu zazizophinde zihanjiswe ngenombolo ye-invoyisi eqhubekayo ngaphambi kokuzithumela kubaphathi abakhulu abahambisanayo, okuzobe kuphethe inombolo yokulawula abazothunyelwa ngayo emahhovisi angaphansi.
NgoMeyi 1864, ngaphambi nje kokufika kukaMaximilian, iRegency yanquma ukusakazwa okusha ngesikhathi sokusungulwa okulandelayo koMbuso. Lezi zimvu zamanzi zaziwa ngegama le-Imperial Eagles. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, kwavela amaMaximilians angama-7, 13, 25 no-50 centavos, ayehlala ejikeleza kuze kube sekungeneni kokunqoba kukaBenito Juárez eMexico City.
Njengoba iRiphabhuliki ibuyiselwe ngo-1867, uJurez wenza isimemezelo sokushicilelwa kabusha kwezitembu kusukela ekusakazweni kuka-1861, wanezela igama elithi Mexico. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi phakathi nazo zonke lezo zikhathi zokungazinzi kwezepolitiki, ukusakazwa okungavamile kwavela ezifundazweni ezahlukahlukene zezwe. Ngo-1883 amamaki nezimpawu zokuphikisa zaqala ukusetshenziswa.
Izikhathi zasendulo, zezinguquko nezanamuhla
Isikhathi sasendulo samaMexico ase-philately sihlanganisa kusuka ku-1884 kuya ku-1911. Kulesi sigaba, uchungechunge lwezitembu ezinhle kakhulu olunemisebenzi emihle yokuqopha luvelele. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi ukuphrinta isitembu kwenzelwe phesheya, kunephepha elinobukhulu obuhlukile.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, futhi ngaphandle kwentuthuko yamasu wokuphrinta nokushaya, ukusakazwa kwenkathi yasendulo akubathandi kangako abama-philatelists. Kulesi sigaba kwavela izitembu ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Official, kanye neze-Complementary.
Iminyaka yenguquko imaka isigaba esithakazelisa kakhulu se-philely yaseMexico, ngokuya ngokutholakala kweposi. Izinhlangothi ezahlukahlukene emncintiswaneni zazikhipha izitembu zazo noma zagcwala ngokweqile ngezandla, kwesinye isikhathi zaze zaziphrinta ngemibala ehlukene noma ngemifanekiso eguquliwe.
Esikhathini sesimanje seMexico ngobunono, umuntu angahlukanisa uchungechunge oluhlala njalo noma oluyisisekelo, uchungechunge lwesikhumbuzo nochungechunge, osekuphelile, lwezitembu ezikhethekile zemeyili yomoya.
Uchungechunge oluhlala njalo alunanani elicatshangelwayo, kepha lumelela umthambo ocebile wocwaningo lwe-philatelic ngenxa yohlobo lwephepha, injoloba, ama-perforations kanye nama-watermark ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
Uchungechunge lwe- “México Exporta” (1923-1934, 1934-1950, 1950-1975) luphawula inkathi yonke ngobunono besimanje, njengoba kwenza nochungechunge lwe- “México Turístico” (1975-1993 nango-1993 kuze kube manje). Izitembu zokukhokha okuthile kwe-airmail zavela ngo-1922 futhi zazisebenza kwaze kwaba ngo-1980.
Kusukela ngo-1973 kuze kube namuhla, izitembu zaseMexico ziphrintwa eStamp and Securities Printing Workshops ezincike kwi-Ministry of Finance and Public Credit.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, abePosi LaseMexico bakhiphe izitembu ezahlukahlukene ezingama-611 zokusabalalisa imicimbi ebalulekile emphakathini waseMexico nowamazwe omhlaba njengemikhankaso yezempilo, imincintiswano yama-Olimpiki, ukuhlonipha abantu abavelele nezikhungo, isikhumbuzo semicimbi yomlando, njll. Uchungechunge lwama-theme lwakamuva lubizwa ngokuthi “Masigcine Izinhlobo ZaseMexico”.
Ngesikhathi sesimanje seMexico ngobuningi, ukukhiqizwa kwezitembu ezithengiswa phesheya nabaqoqi abathathe isiko lethu baya emazweni akude kakhulu kuvuselelwe futhi kwenziwa kwesimanje.
Umthombo: IMexico ngesikhathi esingu-39 Novemba / Disemba 2000
