Ipulazi elilodwa kuphela lamaparele olwandle ezwenikazi laseMelika liphinde likhiqize amaparele amahle esiliva ake enza uLwandle lwaseCortez naseMexico lwaduma. Ukutholakala kweqiniso embusweni wamatshe ayigugu.
La magugu ayehlotshaniswa nezwe lethu njengoba namuhla kungamabhishi epharadesi, ama-sarape noma ama-tacos. Kusukela ekutholeni kwayo ngekhulu le-16, uLwandle iBermejo lancintisana nodumo nePersian Gulf ngamaparele alo anemibala ehlukahlukene futhi lawa magugu ngokushesha aba ngomunye wemikhiqizo eyinhloko yokuthumela izinto eNew Spain.
Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 iphupho laphela. Ngokushesha ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II ama-oyster pearl amakhulu athokozela oLwandle lwaseCortez aqedwa, ngokunokwenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile, futhi nalo udumo lwaphela.
Kodwa-ke, kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, iqembu labafundi abavela eMonterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, ekolishi laseGuaymas, lazibuza: "Uma amaparele atholakala lapha ngaphambili, kungani kungatholakali manje?" Ngo-1996, okwaqala njengomsebenzi wasekolishi wangempelasonto, waphenduka waba ngumsebenzi wokuhlola owaxhaswa yi-TEC uqobo, futhi kamuva waba ibhizinisi eligcwele. Leli linepulazi ethekwini elihle laseBacochibampo, elakhelene neGuaymas. Kumuntu omusha, kubonakala kungabonakali, kuze kube yilapho ithola imigqa engenakubalwa yama-buoys amnyama akhombisa umsebenzi ongaphansi kwamanzi, lapho lokhu "kulinywa" okungandile kwenzeka ngempela. Impahla eluhlaza ayiyona enye ngaphandle kwegobolondo likamama-wamaparele (i-Pteria sterna), elaziwa kakhulu nge-iridescence yegobolondo lalo, kepha hhayi ngezimfanelo zalo njenge-pearl oyster. Eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha, iqembu lamaJapane lafika oLwandle lwaseCortez ngenhloso yokwakha amapulazi amaparele ngalo, kepha aliphumelelanga futhi lathi akunakulinywa amaparele ngalezi zinhlobo. Kepha lapho amaJapan ehluleka khona, abaseMexico banqoba.
Izinkulungwane ezinhlanu ngonyaka
Ngemuva kweminyaka yokulingwa nokuvunwa okungatholakali, Amaparele oLwandle lwaseCortez akhiqiza cishe amaparele ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu ngonyaka; Bambalwa uma kuqhathaniswa namathani amaningana wamaparele e-akoya avela e-Asia noma amnyama avela eFrench Polynesia, kepha impumelelo yangempela uma ucabanga ngalo msebenzi wokuhweba ukuphayona.
Kubukeka kungumsebenzi ongenakwenzeka ukuchaza umbala wawo kahle kahle, phakathi kwezinye izizathu, ngoba igobolondo likamama-pearl livame ukukhiqiza amaparele ezinhlobonhlobo. Mhlawumbe okuvame kakhulu kulolu hlobo olusha lwaseMexico yisiliva, kwesinye isikhathi okubizwa nangokuthi i-opalescent grey noma i-grey yesiliva, kepha akukho ukushoda kwalabo abavame kakhulu igolide, i-grey yensimbi noma i-violet, enezingqimba ezisukela kokuphinki kuye kokuluhlaza. Kunoma ikuphi, umbala owehlukile emhlabeni (nasensimini yamatshe ayigugu) okwandisa ukubonakala kwawo nokubaluleka kwawo.
Ukungena emakethe yezinto zokuhloba bekungelula. La maparele athole ukwamukelwa okukhulu phesheya, ikakhulukazi i-United States. Akukho ukusweleka kwama-jeweler ezweni lethu okwathi uma ebona amaparele, ababuza ngezwi lokudumala: "Kodwa kungani aqinile?"
Ukukhuliswa okukodwa
Ipulazi i-Perlas del Mar de Cortés eGuaymas livulekele umphakathi, lapho ungafunda khona ngenqubo yokukhiqiza, eqala ekupheleni kobusika, lapho kuzalwa igobolondo likanina-we-pearl. "Imbewu" igxunyekwe emasakeni anyanisi futhi, isivele ikhudlwana kancane, lapho inegobolondo, iya kumanetha okuzalanisa. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-oyster iyahlinzwa, okusho ukuthi, kufakwa indawo encane yegobolondo likamama-we-pearl (kanye namaseli akhiqiza omama abenza amaparele) ukuze imollusk ilimboze nalokho okuthiwa yi "pearl sac". Cishe ezinyangeni eziyi-18 kamuva, iparele ekugcineni selikulungele futhi lingavunwa.
Ukutshelwa kanjena, kuzwakala njengenqubo elula kakhulu. Eqinisweni, konke kunzima kakhulu. Kunezinkulungwane ezingenakulinganiswa: ipulazi libhekane neziphepho ngisho nokuvuza kwamanzi ethekwini. Ngokwabo, ama-oysters kwesinye isikhathi abuthakathaka njenge-spaniel futhi kuyadingeka ukubanika "isondlo", okungukuthi, banakekele impilo yabo futhi babakhulule ngezikhathi ezithile ngama-parasites. Kuphela ama-15% ama-oysters asetshenziswayo akhiqiza iparele elithengiswayo ngandlela thile (noma njengesikhumbuzo). Futhi uma lokho bekunganele, yonke inqubo, kusukela ngesikhathi oyster izalwa ize ihlatshwe ukuthola iparele layo, kuthatha iminyaka emithathu nohhafu.
Phezu kobunzima, ipulazi liya ngamandla. Abantu abayishumi nanhlanu bahlala kuwo futhi akekho ovakashela amaGuaymas ongaphuthelwa. Ukubona ama-oysters emanetheni abo okuzalanisa noma ezinkanjini ezinkulu kakhulu kuyathakazelisa, njengoba kunjalo ukubona la maparele amangalisayo futhi akhethekile eMexico eduze ...
Intatheli nesazi-mlando. Unguprofesa weGeography and History and Historical Journalism e-Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National Autonomous University of Mexico lapho azama khona ukusabalalisa i-delirium yakhe emakhoneni angavamile akha leli lizwe.
